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  • Green Oak Tortrix Tortrix viridana Wingspan 18-22mm. A distinctive and unmistakable moth. Adult has bright green forewings; at rest these are held flat creating a shield-like outline. Flies May-June. Larva feeds inside a rolled-up oak leaf. Widespread and common throughout much of the region.
    141608.jpg
  • Common Quaker Orthosia cerasi Length 18-20mm. A spring-flying woodland moth that rests with its wings held flat. Adult has forewings whose colour ranges from rich brown to grey-buff. Forewings usually show a pale cross line towards the outer margin and pale-ringed kidney and circular spots. Flies March-April. Larva feeds on deciduous trees, particularly oaks and willows. Widespread and common in lowland Britain, especially in the south.
    141220.jpg
  • Foxglove Pug Eupithecia pulchellata Wingspan 18-20mm. Colourful and brightly marked little moth. The narrow wings are spread flat at rest with both forewings and hindwings visible. Adult has marbled reddish-brown and slate-grey forewings, and similar zones of colour on hindwings. Flies May–July. Larva feeds within Foxglove flowers. Widespread and common, particularly in south and west.
    140738.jpg
  • Lunar Underwing Omphaloscelis lunosa Length 18-20mm. A variable but aptly-named moth that rests with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Adult has forewings whose overall colour can range from grey-buff to dark brown. All individuals have dark cross bands and a network of pale lines. The pale hindwings have a dark half-moon patch. Flies August-October. Larva feeds on grasses. Widespread and common in southern and central Britain, but much more local further north.
    140620.jpg
  • Frosted Orange Gortyna flavago Length 18-20mm. A beautifully patterned moth that rests with its wings held flat or in a tent-like manner. Adult has orange-brown wings with a yellowish central band and pale spots. Flies August-October. Laves feeds inside the stems of thistles and similar plants. Widespread but commonest in central and southern Britain.
    140491.jpg
  • Frosted Orange Gortyna flavago Length 18-20mm. A beautifully patterned moth that rests with its wings held flat or in a tent-like manner. Adult has orange-brown wings with a yellowish central band and pale spots. Flies August-October. Laves feeds inside the stems of thistles and similar plants. Widespread but commonest in central and southern Britain.
    140445.jpg
  • Setaceous Hebrew Character Xestia c-nigrum Length 18-20mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings held flat, one forewing partly overlapping the other. Adult has brown wings with a black rectangle cut into by a pale triangle. Double-brooded except in the far north: flies May-August. Larva feeds on a range of herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
    140321.jpg
  • Knot Grass Acronicta rumicis Length 18-20mm. A subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings held in shallow tent-like manner. Adult has greyish forewwings with a powdery look to them; they are marked with pale and dark cross bands, a central eyespot and a white mark on the trailing margin. Flies May-July, with a second brood in the south flying August-September. Colourful larva is brown with white marks and red tufts of hair; feeds on a range of herbaceous plants. Widespread and common in southern and central Britain; more local further north.
    128491.jpg
  • Setaceous Hebrew Character Xestia c-nigrum Length 18-20mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings held flat, one forewing partly overlapping the other. Adult has brown wings with a black rectangle cut into by a pale triangle. Double-brooded except in the far north: flies May-August. Larva feeds on a range of herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
    128022.jpg
  • Treble Lines  Charanyca trigrammica Length 18-20mm. An accurately, if unimaginatively, named moth that rests with its wings held flat. Adult has forewings that range from pale buff to rich brown wings; all colour forms show three darker cross lines. Flies May-July. Larva feeds on the basal stems of herbaceous plants. Locally common only in southern and central Britain.
    127932.jpg
  • Treble Lines  Charanyca trigrammica Length 18-20mm. An accurately, if unimaginatively, named moth that rests with its wings held flat. Adult has forewings that range from pale buff to rich brown wings; all colour forms show three darker cross lines. Flies May-July. Larva feeds on the basal stems of herbaceous plants. Locally common only in southern and central Britain.
    127924.jpg
  • Common Quaker Orthosia cerasi Length 18-20mm. A spring-flying woodland moth that rests with its wings held flat. Adult has forewings whose colour ranges from rich brown to grey-buff. Forewings usually show a pale cross line towards the outer margin and pale-ringed kidney and circular spots. Flies March-April. Larva feeds on deciduous trees, particularly oaks and willows. Widespread and common in lowland Britain, especially in the south.
    110624.jpg
  • MEADOW BUTTERCUP Ranunculus acris (Ranunculaceae) Height to 1m. Downy perennial of damp grassland habitats. FLOWERS are 18-25mm across and comprise 5 shiny, yellow petals with upright sepals; borne on long, unfurrowed stalks (Apr-Oct). FRUITS are hook-tipped and borne in a rounded head. LEAVES are rounded and divided into 3-7 lobes; upper ones are unstalked. STATUS-Widespread and abundant throughout.
    130933.jpg
  • MEADOW BUTTERCUP Ranunculus acris (Ranunculaceae) Height to 1m. Downy perennial of damp grassland habitats. FLOWERS are 18-25mm across and comprise 5 shiny, yellow petals with upright sepals; borne on long, unfurrowed stalks (Apr-Oct). FRUITS are hook-tipped and borne in a rounded head. LEAVES are rounded and divided into 3-7 lobes; upper ones are unstalked. STATUS-Widespread and abundant throughout.
    130688.jpg
  • ALPINE MOUSE-EAR Cerastium alpinum (Caryophyllaceae) Height to 10cm. Tufted, mat-forming perennial whose stems and leaves bear long white hairs. Found on stony ground on mountains. FLOWERS are white and 18-25mm across, with 5 notched petals (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are ovate, the bracts having membranous margins. STATUS-Local and scarce, restricted to mountains from Snowdonia northwards.
    129974.jpg
  • KNAPWEED BROOMRAPE Orobanche elatior (Orobanchaceae) Height to 70cm. Imposing plant with a relatively thick stem that is yellowish brown and slightly swollen at the base. Parasitic on the roots of knapweeds, and other Daisy family members. Grows in calcareous grassland. FLOWERS are 18-25mm long, the corolla yellow tinged purple, and the filaments hairy at the base; borne in upright, swollen and rather club-like spikes (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Locally common in S and E England only.
    128076.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    110556.jpg
  • Fin Whale Balaenoptera physalus Length 18-22m Second only in terms of size to Blue Whale. Uniquely, has asymmetrical markings on head. Fast swimmer, catching shoaling fish. Adult has slender body with narrow, pointed head. Body is mainly dark grey, palest on underparts and throat. Right side of lower jaw is whitish (as are front half of right side of baleen plates and tongue) whereas left side is same colour as rest of body. Single median ridge extends from nostril to tip of rostrum. Flippers are relatively long. Dorsal fin is curved, rather large, set a long way back. Tailstock is thick and tail fin is large.
    111740.jpg
  • Fin Whale Balaenoptera physalus Length 18-22m Second only in terms of size to Blue Whale. Uniquely, has asymmetrical markings on head. Fast swimmer, catching shoaling fish. Adult has slender body with narrow, pointed head. Body is mainly dark grey, palest on underparts and throat. Right side of lower jaw is whitish (as are front half of right side of baleen plates and tongue) whereas left side is same colour as rest of body. Single median ridge extends from nostril to tip of rostrum. Flippers are relatively long. Dorsal fin is curved, rather large, set a long way back. Tailstock is thick and tail fin is large.
    111741.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    114224.jpg
  • Yellow-necked Mouse Apodemus flavicollis Length 18-25cm Similar to Wood Mouse but larger, with relatively larger ears, eyes and feet, and longer tail; coat is richer brown on upperparts and shows clearer demarcation between upperparts and clean-looking white underparts. Note the broad, rich yellow band on throat (in Wood Mouse, yellow on throat is, at most, a discrete spot. Mainly nocturnal. Climbs well. Squeals loudly in distress. Distribution is patchy, and only locally common. Favours undisturbed deciduous woodland.
    114374.jpg
  • Yellow-necked Mouse Apodemus flavicollis Length 18-25cm Similar to Wood Mouse but larger, with relatively larger ears, eyes and feet, and longer tail; coat is richer brown on upperparts and shows clearer demarcation between upperparts and clean-looking white underparts. Note the broad, rich yellow band on throat (in Wood Mouse, yellow on throat is, at most, a discrete spot. Mainly nocturnal. Climbs well. Squeals loudly in distress. Distribution is patchy, and only locally common. Favours undisturbed deciduous woodland.
    120584.jpg
  • Yellow-necked Mouse Apodemus flavicollis Length 18-25cm Similar to Wood Mouse but larger, with relatively larger ears, eyes and feet, and longer tail; coat is richer brown on upperparts and shows clearer demarcation between upperparts and clean-looking white underparts. Note the broad, rich yellow band on throat (in Wood Mouse, yellow on throat is, at most, a discrete spot. Mainly nocturnal. Climbs well. Squeals loudly in distress. Distribution is patchy, and only locally common. Favours undisturbed deciduous woodland.
    128473.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    144264.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    144263.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    144265.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    144266.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    144269.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    144270.jpg
  • Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Wingspan 18-24cm Small bat with sleek, fluffy fur that is rich grey-brown above and buffish brown below. Note the dark ‘bandit’ mask and dark, oval ears with 4-5 transverse folds on the outer edge. People with good hearing can sometimes detect their high-pitched contact calls and Common Pipistrelles echolocate at around 45khz. Widespread and common in woods and gardens, with a fluttery flight. Summer roosts are often in roofs of modern houses.
    144271.jpg
  • Yellow-necked Mouse Apodemus flavicollis Length 18-25cm Similar to Wood Mouse but larger, with relatively larger ears, eyes and feet, and longer tail; coat is richer brown on upperparts and shows clearer demarcation between upperparts and clean-looking white underparts. Note the broad, rich yellow band on throat (in Wood Mouse, yellow on throat is, at most, a discrete spot. Mainly nocturnal. Climbs well. Squeals loudly in distress. Distribution is patchy, and only locally common. Favours undisturbed deciduous woodland.
    145326.jpg
  • Yellow-necked Mouse Apodemus flavicollis Length 18-25cm Similar to Wood Mouse but larger, with relatively larger ears, eyes and feet, and longer tail; coat is richer brown on upperparts and shows clearer demarcation between upperparts and clean-looking white underparts. Note the broad, rich yellow band on throat (in Wood Mouse, yellow on throat is, at most, a discrete spot. Mainly nocturnal. Climbs well. Squeals loudly in distress. Distribution is patchy, and only locally common. Favours undisturbed deciduous woodland.
    145327.jpg
  • Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos L 18-20cm. Active little wader with a bobbing gait and elongated tail end. Flies on bowed, fluttering wings low over water: note white wingbar and absence of white rump. Sexes are similar.<br />
Adult has warm brown upperparts with faint dark centres and barring feathers of back and wings. Head and neck are grey-brown; note clear demarcation between dark breast and white underparts, white extending up sides of breast. Juvenile is similar but wing covert feathers s are barred. Voice Utters a whistling tswee-wee-wee call. Status Fairly common summer visitor, nesting beside upland and northern rivers and lakes. Widespread and fairly common passage migrant, found at inland sites and on coasts. A handful overwinter.
    127325.jpg
  • Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos L 18-20cm. Active little wader with a bobbing gait and elongated tail end. Flies on bowed, fluttering wings low over water: note white wingbar and absence of white rump. Sexes are similar.<br />
Adult has warm brown upperparts with faint dark centres and barring feathers of back and wings. Head and neck are grey-brown; note clear demarcation between dark breast and white underparts, white extending up sides of breast. Juvenile is similar but wing covert feathers s are barred. Voice Utters a whistling tswee-wee-wee call. Status Fairly common summer visitor, nesting beside upland and northern rivers and lakes. Widespread and fairly common passage migrant, found at inland sites and on coasts. A handful overwinter.
    127763.jpg
  • Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus L 18-20cm. Dumpy wader. Much smaller than Snipe, with shorter bill and legs, and more striking head and back markings. Pumps body up and down as it walks. Easy to overlook: plumage is cryptic and bird is very reluctant to fly. Sexes and ages are similar. Adult and juvenile have mainly brown upperparts with intricate, cryptic dark feather markings. Note striking yellow stripes on back; greenish sheen sometimes discerned. Head is has dark and pale buff stripes, including forked, pale supercilium. Neck and breast are streaked and underparts are white. Voice Mostly silent. Status Non-breeding visitor in small numbers. Favours muddy margins of pools and marshes, where tangled dead rush and grass stems match its cryptic plumage.
    136676.jpg
  • Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis. Westerly gales in September and October bring with them a crop of waders from across the Atlantic. Being powerful fliers, virtually any species that breeds in North America is a contender. Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis (L 18-20cm) recalls a juvenile Ruff that is buffish overall with a scaly-looking back and yellow legs; usually found on short, coastal grassland.
    136854.jpg
  • Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis. Westerly gales in September and October bring with them a crop of waders from across the Atlantic. Being powerful fliers, virtually any species that breeds in North America is a contender. Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis (L 18-20cm) recalls a juvenile Ruff that is buffish overall with a scaly-looking back and yellow legs; usually found on short, coastal grassland.
    136853.jpg
  • Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos L 18-20cm. Active little wader with a bobbing gait and elongated tail end. Flies on bowed, fluttering wings low over water: note white wingbar and absence of white rump. Sexes are similar.<br />
Adult has warm brown upperparts with faint dark centres and barring feathers of back and wings. Head and neck are grey-brown; note clear demarcation between dark breast and white underparts, white extending up sides of breast. Juvenile is similar but wing covert feathers s are barred. Voice Utters a whistling tswee-wee-wee call. Status Fairly common summer visitor, nesting beside upland and northern rivers and lakes. Widespread and fairly common passage migrant, found at inland sites and on coasts. A handful overwinter.
    140418.jpg
  • Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos L 18-20cm. Active little wader with a bobbing gait and elongated tail end. Flies on bowed, fluttering wings low over water: note white wingbar and absence of white rump. Sexes are similar.<br />
Adult has warm brown upperparts with faint dark centres and barring feathers of back and wings. Head and neck are grey-brown; note clear demarcation between dark breast and white underparts, white extending up sides of breast. Juvenile is similar but wing covert feathers s are barred. Voice Utters a whistling tswee-wee-wee call. Status Fairly common summer visitor, nesting beside upland and northern rivers and lakes. Widespread and fairly common passage migrant, found at inland sites and on coasts. A handful overwinter.
    140417.jpg
  • Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus L 18-20cm. Dumpy wader. Much smaller than Snipe, with shorter bill and legs, and more striking head and back markings. Pumps body up and down as it walks. Easy to overlook: plumage is cryptic and bird is very reluctant to fly. Sexes and ages are similar. Adult and juvenile have mainly brown upperparts with intricate, cryptic dark feather markings. Note striking yellow stripes on back; greenish sheen sometimes discerned. Head is has dark and pale buff stripes, including forked, pale supercilium. Neck and breast are streaked and underparts are white. Voice Mostly silent. Status Non-breeding visitor in small numbers. Favours muddy margins of pools and marshes, where tangled dead rush and grass stems match its cryptic plumage.
    141783.jpg
  • Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos L 18-20cm. Active little wader with a bobbing gait and elongated tail end. Flies on bowed, fluttering wings low over water: note white wingbar and absence of white rump. Sexes are similar.<br />
Adult has warm brown upperparts with faint dark centres and barring feathers of back and wings. Head and neck are grey-brown; note clear demarcation between dark breast and white underparts, white extending up sides of breast. Juvenile is similar but wing covert feathers s are barred. Voice Utters a whistling tswee-wee-wee call. Status Fairly common summer visitor, nesting beside upland and northern rivers and lakes. Widespread and fairly common passage migrant, found at inland sites and on coasts. A handful overwinter.
    143633.jpg
  • Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos L 18-20cm. Active little wader with a bobbing gait and elongated tail end. Flies on bowed, fluttering wings low over water: note white wingbar and absence of white rump. Sexes are similar.<br />
Adult has warm brown upperparts with faint dark centres and barring feathers of back and wings. Head and neck are grey-brown; note clear demarcation between dark breast and white underparts, white extending up sides of breast. Juvenile is similar but wing covert feathers s are barred. Voice Utters a whistling tswee-wee-wee call. Status Fairly common summer visitor, nesting beside upland and northern rivers and lakes. Widespread and fairly common passage migrant, found at inland sites and on coasts. A handful overwinter.
    143890.jpg
  • Common Quaker Orthosia cerasi Length 18-20mm. A spring-flying woodland moth that rests with its wings held flat. Adult has forewings whose colour ranges from rich brown to grey-buff. Forewings usually show a pale cross line towards the outer margin and pale-ringed kidney and circular spots. Flies March-April. Larva feeds on deciduous trees, particularly oaks and willows. Widespread and common in lowland Britain, especially in the south.
    143223.jpg
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