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  • Peach Prunus persica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Small, bushy and rounded deciduous tree. BARK Dark brown. BRANCHES Straight, with smooth, reddish, angular twigs. LEAVES Alternate, lanceolate, finely toothed, often creased into V-shape. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Pink flowers, to 4cm across, are usually solitary; open at same time as leaf buds; yellow-tipped anthers. Fruits is familiar peach, to 8cm long, rounded and downy, flushed pink; sweet, juicy flesh when ripe. Seed contained inside a woody, thickly ridged ‘stone’. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably native to China but long cultivated elsewhere. Here, it does best in a walled garden.
    134529.jpg
  • MEADOW BUTTERCUP Ranunculus acris (Ranunculaceae) Height to 1m. Downy perennial of damp grassland habitats. FLOWERS are 18-25mm across and comprise 5 shiny, yellow petals with upright sepals; borne on long, unfurrowed stalks (Apr-Oct). FRUITS are hook-tipped and borne in a rounded head. LEAVES are rounded and divided into 3-7 lobes; upper ones are unstalked. STATUS-Widespread and abundant throughout.
    130933.jpg
  • Peach Prunus persica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Small, bushy and rounded deciduous tree. BARK Dark brown. BRANCHES Straight, with smooth, reddish, angular twigs. LEAVES Alternate, lanceolate, finely toothed, often creased into V-shape. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Pink flowers, to 4cm across, are usually solitary; open at same time as leaf buds; yellow-tipped anthers. Fruits is familiar peach, to 8cm long, rounded and downy, flushed pink; sweet, juicy flesh when ripe. Seed contained inside a woody, thickly ridged ‘stone’. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably native to China but long cultivated elsewhere. Here, it does best in a walled garden.
    134548.jpg
  • Peach Prunus persica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Small, bushy and rounded deciduous tree. BARK Dark brown. BRANCHES Straight, with smooth, reddish, angular twigs. LEAVES Alternate, lanceolate, finely toothed, often creased into V-shape. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Pink flowers, to 4cm across, are usually solitary; open at same time as leaf buds; yellow-tipped anthers. Fruits is familiar peach, to 8cm long, rounded and downy, flushed pink; sweet, juicy flesh when ripe. Seed contained inside a woody, thickly ridged ‘stone’. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably native to China but long cultivated elsewhere. Here, it does best in a walled garden.
    133776.jpg
  • Peach Prunus persica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Small, bushy and rounded deciduous tree. BARK Dark brown. BRANCHES Straight, with smooth, reddish, angular twigs. LEAVES Alternate, lanceolate, finely toothed, often creased into V-shape. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Pink flowers, to 4cm across, are usually solitary; open at same time as leaf buds; yellow-tipped anthers. Fruits is familiar peach, to 8cm long, rounded and downy, flushed pink; sweet, juicy flesh when ripe. Seed contained inside a woody, thickly ridged ‘stone’. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably native to China but long cultivated elsewhere. Here, it does best in a walled garden.
    133744.jpg
  • Peach Prunus persica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Small, bushy and rounded deciduous tree. BARK Dark brown. BRANCHES Straight, with smooth, reddish, angular twigs. LEAVES Alternate, lanceolate, finely toothed, often creased into V-shape. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Pink flowers, to 4cm across, are usually solitary; open at same time as leaf buds; yellow-tipped anthers. Fruits is familiar peach, to 8cm long, rounded and downy, flushed pink; sweet, juicy flesh when ripe. Seed contained inside a woody, thickly ridged ‘stone’. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably native to China but long cultivated elsewhere. Here, it does best in a walled garden.
    133743.jpg
  • Apricot Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small, rounded deciduous tree. BARK Greyish-brown with fine fissures. BRANCHES Twisted and dense with smooth reddish twigs. LEAVES Heart-shaped, reddish when first open, later becoming green above and yellowish beneath, on a red petiole with 2 glands near leaf base. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White or pale-pink short-stalked flowers, solitary paired, open before leaves. Fruit, to 8cm long, is rounded, the downy red-tinged skin surrounding a rather acid-tasting juicy flesh that becomes sweet only when fully ripe. Stone is flattened, elliptical and smooth, with 3 raised lines along one edge. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and E Asia, grown for its edible fruits; requires shelter in our region.
    134527.jpg
  • Apricot Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small, rounded deciduous tree. BARK Greyish-brown with fine fissures. BRANCHES Twisted and dense with smooth reddish twigs. LEAVES Heart-shaped, reddish when first open, later becoming green above and yellowish beneath, on a red petiole with 2 glands near leaf base. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White or pale-pink short-stalked flowers, solitary paired, open before leaves. Fruit, to 8cm long, is rounded, the downy red-tinged skin surrounding a rather acid-tasting juicy flesh that becomes sweet only when fully ripe. Stone is flattened, elliptical and smooth, with 3 raised lines along one edge. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and E Asia, grown for its edible fruits; requires shelter in our region.
    133742.jpg
  • Apricot Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small, rounded deciduous tree. BARK Greyish-brown with fine fissures. BRANCHES Twisted and dense with smooth reddish twigs. LEAVES Heart-shaped, reddish when first open, later becoming green above and yellowish beneath, on a red petiole with 2 glands near leaf base. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White or pale-pink short-stalked flowers, solitary paired, open before leaves. Fruit, to 8cm long, is rounded, the downy red-tinged skin surrounding a rather acid-tasting juicy flesh that becomes sweet only when fully ripe. Stone is flattened, elliptical and smooth, with 3 raised lines along one edge. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and E Asia, grown for its edible fruits; requires shelter in our region.
    134528.jpg
  • Apricot Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small, rounded deciduous tree. BARK Greyish-brown with fine fissures. BRANCHES Twisted and dense with smooth reddish twigs. LEAVES Heart-shaped, reddish when first open, later becoming green above and yellowish beneath, on a red petiole with 2 glands near leaf base. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White or pale-pink short-stalked flowers, solitary paired, open before leaves. Fruit, to 8cm long, is rounded, the downy red-tinged skin surrounding a rather acid-tasting juicy flesh that becomes sweet only when fully ripe. Stone is flattened, elliptical and smooth, with 3 raised lines along one edge. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and E Asia, grown for its edible fruits; requires shelter in our region.
    134534.jpg
  • Apricot Prunus armeniaca (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small, rounded deciduous tree. BARK Greyish-brown with fine fissures. BRANCHES Twisted and dense with smooth reddish twigs. LEAVES Heart-shaped, reddish when first open, later becoming green above and yellowish beneath, on a red petiole with 2 glands near leaf base. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White or pale-pink short-stalked flowers, solitary paired, open before leaves. Fruit, to 8cm long, is rounded, the downy red-tinged skin surrounding a rather acid-tasting juicy flesh that becomes sweet only when fully ripe. Stone is flattened, elliptical and smooth, with 3 raised lines along one edge. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and E Asia, grown for its edible fruits; requires shelter in our region.
    133773.jpg
  • Sorbus thibetica (sometimes called Tibetan Whitebeam) Height to 15m. Smallish, rounded, deciduous tree. Leaves are oval, whitish in spring, green in summer. Flowers are white and five-petalled. Fruits are red.
    135459.jpg
  • WILD LEEK Allium ampeloprasum (Liliaceae) Height to 2m<br />
Robust and upright bulbous perennial with a rounded stem. Grows in grassy places near the sea. FLOWERS are 6-8mm long and purplish, with yellow anthers; borne in spherical heads, up to 9cm across (Jun-Aug). Numerous bulbils may be present. FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are flat, narrow, up to 50cm long, and waxy with finely toothed margins. STATUS-Rare and restricted to coastal districts in SW Britain and W Ireland.
    140313.jpg
  • RED-TIPPED CUDWEED Filago lutescens (Asteraceae) Height to 25cm. Similar to Common Cudweed but plant has a yellow-woolly coating. Grows on disturbed, sandy soils. FLOWERS are borne in rounded, woolly clusters, 8-10mm across, of 10-20 heads; each head has red-tipped bract tips (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are sharp-pointed and not wavy. STATUS-Rare and restricted to a few sites in SE England.
    131873.jpg
  • CORAL-NECKLACE Illecebrum verticillatum (Prostrate) is a charming and distinctive annual with square reddish stems along which are borne discrete, rounded clusters of white flowers (Jun-Sep). The plant grows in damp ground, often in trampled hollows at the margins of drying ponds and ruts in the New Forest.
    153701.jpg
  • Hinoki Cypress Chamaecyparis obtusa (Cupressaceae) HEIGHT to 25m. Evergreen; recalls Lawson’s Cypress. BARK Reddish and soft. BRANCHES Mainly level. LEAVES Blunt-pointed, bright green with white lines below, eucalyptus-scented; in flat sprays. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Rounded female cones blue-green at first, yellowing with age. Male cones small, reddish-yellow. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Japan and Taiwan. Introduced to Britain in 1861; grows best in wetter areas.
    134678.jpg
  • CORAL-NECKLACE Illecebrum verticillatum (Prostrate) is a charming and distinctive annual with square reddish stems along which are borne discrete, rounded clusters of white flowers (Jun-Sep). The plant grows in damp ground, often in trampled hollows at the margins of drying ponds and ruts in the New Forest.
    131876.jpg
  • CORAL-NECKLACE Illecebrum verticillatum (Prostrate) is a charming and distinctive annual with square reddish stems along which are borne discrete, rounded clusters of white flowers (Jun-Sep). The plant grows in damp ground, often in trampled hollows at the margins of drying ponds and ruts in the New Forest.
    153702.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    135433.jpg
  • SHEEP’S-BIT Jasione montana (Campanulaceae) Height to 30cm. Attractive, spreading and downy biennial that grows in dry grassland, and on coastal cliffs, heaths and dunes, favouring acid soils and absent from calcareous locations. FLOWERS are sky blue and borne in rounded heads, 30-35mm across, on slender stalks (May-Sep). Note that the anthers do not project (cf. Devil’s-bit Scabious). FRUITS are dry capsules. LEAVES are wavy-edged and hairy at the base, forming a rosette, but narrow on the stem. STATUS-Widespread but local, and commonest in W and near the sea.
    131162.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    135131.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    133956.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    132763.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    130258.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    129959.jpg
  • WHITE MULLEIN Verbascum lychnitis (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 1.5m. Upright biennial. Stems are rounded below but angled and downy above. Grows in dry, grassy places, mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 15-20mm across, 5-lobed and white with whitish hairs on all the stamens; borne in branched spikes (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules. LEAVES are ovate, shiny dark green above and downy below. STATUS-Local and rather scarce in S England; scarce or absent elsewhere.
    131437.jpg
  • SLENDER ST JOHN’S-WORT Hypericum pulchrum (Clusiaceae) Height to 60cm. Hairless perennial with rounded stems. Found in dry, grassy places and heaths, mostly on acid soils. FLOWERS are 15mm across, the deep yellow petals marked with red spots and dark, marginal dots (latter also on sepals) (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are dry capsules. LEAVES are paired and oval, with translucent spots. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    131378.jpg
  • SLENDER ST JOHN’S-WORT Hypericum pulchrum (Clusiaceae) Height to 60cm. Hairless perennial with rounded stems. Found in dry, grassy places and heaths, mostly on acid soils. FLOWERS are 15mm across, the deep yellow petals marked with red spots and dark, marginal dots (latter also on sepals) (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are dry capsules. LEAVES are paired and oval, with translucent spots. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    144588.jpg
  • WHITE MULLEIN Verbascum lychnitis (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 1.5m. Upright biennial. Stems are rounded below but angled and downy above. Grows in dry, grassy places, mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 15-20mm across, 5-lobed and white with whitish hairs on all the stamens; borne in branched spikes (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules. LEAVES are ovate, shiny dark green above and downy below. STATUS-Local and rather scarce in S England; scarce or absent elsewhere.
    131436.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    133874.jpg
  • Saint Lucie Cherry Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Often little more than a spreading shrub, but sometimes a small tree. BARK Greyish-brown and ringed with brown lenticels. BRANCHES Spreading, the young twigs covered with short greyish hairs and often slightly weeping at the tips. LEAVES Alternate, up to 7cm long and almost rounded, with a short point at the tip and a rounded or nearly heart-shaped base. The margin is finely toothed, the upper surface is glossy and the lower surface finely downy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white, scented flowers, which open in April–May, grow in clusters of 3–10 in groups of racemes at the end of leafy shoots. The 5 petals are about 8mm long and surround the yellowish anthers. The fruit is a 0.6–1cm-long ovate or rounded black berry with bitter-tasting flesh surrounding a smooth rounded stone. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of central and S Europe, growing in woodland glades and thickets. Planted in our region for ornament and naturalised occasionally.
    134659.jpg
  • Dwarf Cherry (Sour Cherry) Prunus cerasus (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 8m. A small deciduous tree with a very short, branching bole and a rounded shrubby outline, often surrounded by suckers. BARK Reddish-brown and twigs are smooth. LEAVES To 8cm long, oval to elliptic and sharply pointed at tip, with a tapering base and toothed margin; on 1–3cm-long petioles. Young leaves are slightly downy below, and upper surface is always smooth and shiny. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Long-stalked white flowers usually open just before leaves in April–May, and grow in clusters of 2–6. Fruits, to 1.8cm long are rounded with a slightly depressed apex, usually bright red or blackish-red. Flesh is soft and tastes acidic, and stone is rounded and smooth. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of SW Asia, but widely cultivated for its fruit, which is used mainly in preserves when it loses much of its acidity.
    134805.jpg
  • Service-tree Sorbus domestica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 20m<br />
Resembles Rowan but note subtle differences in bark, buds and fruit. BARK Rich brown bark, fissured, ridged and often peels in vertical shreds. BRANCHES Upright to spreading. Buds are smooth, rounded and green, unlike the purple, pointed buds of the Rowan. LEAVES Alternate and pinnate, composed of up to 8 pairs of oblong, toothed leaflets about 5cm long, and softly hairy on underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are produced in May in rounded, branched clusters; each flower is about 1.5cm across and composed of 5 creamy-white petals. Small pear- or sometimes apple-shaped fruits are up to 2cm long and green or brown like a russet apple. They have a very sharp taste when ripe, but after a frost they become more palatable. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Widespread in southern Europe and a rare British native; also planted occasionally.
    134558.jpg
  • Common Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Rosaceae Height to 15m Spreading deciduous tree or shrub. Bark Fissured with vertical grooves. Branches Densely packed, with sharp spines. Leaves To 4.5cm long, deeply lobed, with teeth near apex. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 15mm across, in flat-topped clusters of 10–18 (May). Fruits (‘haws’) rounded and red. Status Common native of hedgerows and scrub, especially on chalk.
    157733.jpg
  • Common Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Rosaceae Height to 15m Spreading deciduous tree or shrub. Bark Fissured with vertical grooves. Branches Densely packed, with sharp spines. Leaves To 4.5cm long, deeply lobed, with teeth near apex. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 15mm across, in flat-topped clusters of 10–18 (May). Fruits (‘haws’) rounded and red. Status Common native of hedgerows and scrub, especially on chalk.
    135642.jpg
  • Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae Height to 20m <br />
Open, deciduous tree. Bark Silvery-grey, smooth. Branches Ascending with purple-tinged twigs and hairy buds. Leaves Pinnate, with 5–8 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 6cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers to 1cm across with 5 white petals; in dense heads. Fruits rounded, scarlet, in clusters. Status Locally common native; also widely planted.
    135130.jpg
  • Common Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Rosaceae Height to 15m Spreading deciduous tree or shrub. Bark Fissured with vertical grooves. Branches Densely packed, with sharp spines. Leaves To 4.5cm long, deeply lobed, with teeth near apex. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 15mm across, in flat-topped clusters of 10–18 (May). Fruits (‘haws’) rounded and red. Status Common native of hedgerows and scrub, especially on chalk.
    135033.jpg
  • Swedish Service-tree Sorbus hybrida (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 14m. Medium-sized tree. LEAVES To 10cm long, basal portion almost pinnate, apex more shallowly lobed. Lobe margins toothed near tips and leaf is grey-green above and woolly-white below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits, to 1.2cm across, are rounded, bright red with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native to Scandinavia, planted here for ornament.
    134742.jpg
  • Sorbus eminens (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Shrub or small tree. LEAVES Rounded; shallow, slightly toothed lobes; 10-11 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits crimson, to 2cm long, with numerous lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare; Avon Gorge and Wye Valley.
    134738.jpg
  • Service-tree of Fontainbleu Sorbus latifolia (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 18m. Spreading, divided tree. LEAVES To 10cm long, broadly oval with indistinct triangular lobes and double-toothed margins. Shiny green above, downy grey below on 7 to 9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits rounded, to 1.5cm long, yellowish-brown with large lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably a hybrid between Whitebeam and Wild Service-tree, first found near Fontainebleau, France. Widely planted; also naturalised.
    134642.jpg
  • Service-tree of Fontainbleu Sorbus latifolia (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 18m. Spreading, divided tree. LEAVES To 10cm long, broadly oval with indistinct triangular lobes and double-toothed margins. Shiny green above, downy grey below on 7 to 9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits rounded, to 1.5cm long, yellowish-brown with large lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably a hybrid between Whitebeam and Wild Service-tree, first found near Fontainebleau, France. Widely planted; also naturalised.
    134539.jpg
  • Guelder-rose Viburnum opulus Caprifoliaceae Height to 4m<br />
Spreading deciduous tree. Bark Reddish brown. Branches Sinuous; twigs smooth, angular and greyish. Leaves Opposite, to 8cm long, with 3–5 irregularly toothed lobes. Reproductive parts Flowers white, in flat heads with showy, outer flowers and smaller, inner ones. Fruit is rounded, translucent red berry, in clusters. Status Favours calcareous soils.
    129864.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    108740.jpg
  • Common Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Rosaceae Height to 15m Spreading deciduous tree or shrub. Bark Fissured with vertical grooves. Branches Densely packed, with sharp spines. Leaves To 4.5cm long, deeply lobed, with teeth near apex. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 15mm across, in flat-topped clusters of 10–18 (May). Fruits (‘haws’) rounded and red. Status Common native of hedgerows and scrub, especially on chalk.
    157625.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    135178.jpg
  • Small shrub. LEAVES Narrowly oval with shallow, rounded lobes, mainly on distal half; tip is pointed and there are 8-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits scarlet, to 8mm long, with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare, on limestone in Breconshire.
    134729.jpg
  • Rum Cherry (Black Cherry) Prunus serotina (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 22m. A spreading deciduous tree with a stout trunk. BARK Greyish, peeling away in strips and fissured in older trees; a strange, bitter smell is released if the bark is damaged. BRANCHES Spreading and dense, the outer extremes sometimes weeping. LEAVES Larger than those of Bird Cherry at up to 14cm long, shiny above and with fine forward-pointing teeth on the margin; the midrib on the underside has patches of hairs along it, which help separate this species from other similar cherries. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The flowers are very similar to those of Bird Cherry, but the spike may contain fewer than 30 flowers, the pedicels are shorter and the white petals are toothed at the margins. The black fruits contain a bitter-tasting flesh and a rounded smooth stone. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of N America, planted for timber and ornament in much of Europe, including Britain and Ireland, and naturalised in many places, including S England.
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  • Sorbus leyana (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m (often much shorter). Small tree or smaller shrub. LEAVES Oval, with deep lobes, cut to around half way to midrib, on proximal half; tip is rounded and there are 9-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits scarlet, to 1cm across. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare, on limestone crags in Breconshire.
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  • Service-tree of Fontainbleu Sorbus latifolia (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 18m. Spreading, divided tree. LEAVES To 10cm long, broadly oval with indistinct triangular lobes and double-toothed margins. Shiny green above, downy grey below on 7 to 9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits rounded, to 1.5cm long, yellowish-brown with large lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably a hybrid between Whitebeam and Wild Service-tree, first found near Fontainebleau, France. Widely planted; also naturalised.
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  • Common Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Rosaceae Height to 15m Spreading deciduous tree or shrub. Bark Fissured with vertical grooves. Branches Densely packed, with sharp spines. Leaves To 4.5cm long, deeply lobed, with teeth near apex. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 15mm across, in flat-topped clusters of 10–18 (May). Fruits (‘haws’) rounded and red. Status Common native of hedgerows and scrub, especially on chalk.
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  • Swedish Service-tree Sorbus hybrida (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 14m. Medium-sized tree. LEAVES To 10cm long, basal portion almost pinnate, apex more shallowly lobed. Lobe margins toothed near tips and leaf is grey-green above and woolly-white below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits, to 1.2cm across, are rounded, bright red with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native to Scandinavia, planted here for ornament.
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  • Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae Height to 20m <br />
Open, deciduous tree. Bark Silvery-grey, smooth. Branches Ascending with purple-tinged twigs and hairy buds. Leaves Pinnate, with 5–8 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 6cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers to 1cm across with 5 white petals; in dense heads. Fruits rounded, scarlet, in clusters. Status Locally common native; also widely planted.
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  • Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae Height to 20m <br />
Open, deciduous tree. Bark Silvery-grey, smooth. Branches Ascending with purple-tinged twigs and hairy buds. Leaves Pinnate, with 5–8 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 6cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers to 1cm across with 5 white petals; in dense heads. Fruits rounded, scarlet, in clusters. Status Locally common native; also widely planted.
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  • Isle of Scilly - sunset over Round Island lighthouse
    162950.jpg
  • Round Island Lighthouse, Isles of Scilly
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  • Strawberry Tree Arbutus unedo (Ericaceae) Height to 9m <br />
Small, spreading evergreen tree with a short bole and a dense, domed crown. BARK Reddish, peeling away in shreds that turn brown. BRANCHES Often ascending and twisted; twigs slightly hairy and reddish. LEAVES To 11cm long, with either sharply toothed or entire margins, and a prominent midrib. Dark glossy-green above, paler below; 1cm-long petiole is usually red and hairy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers borne in pendulous clusters late in year at same time as fruits from previous year; flowers white, to 9mm long, and sometimes tinged pink or green. Fruit is a round berry, to 2cm across; warty skin ripens from yellow through orange to deep red; flesh is acidic. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Main native range is SW Europe and Mediterranean; also occurs naturally in SW Ireland in open woods and thickets. Planted widely elsewhere.
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  • GREAT WILLOWHERB Epilobium hirsutum (Onograceae) Height to 2m. Downy perennial with a round stem. Favours damp habitats such as fens and riverbanks. FLOWERS are 25mm across and pinkish purple with pale centres, and a 4-lobed stigma; in terminal clusters (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are pods that contain cottony seeds. LEAVES are broadly oval, hairy and clasping. STATUS-Widespread and common, except in the N.
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  • GREAT WILLOWHERB Epilobium hirsutum (Onograceae) Height to 2m. Downy perennial with a round stem. Favours damp habitats such as fens and riverbanks. FLOWERS are 25mm across and pinkish purple with pale centres, and a 4-lobed stigma; in terminal clusters (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are pods that contain cottony seeds. LEAVES are broadly oval, hairy and clasping. STATUS-Widespread and common, except in the N.
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  • GREAT WILLOWHERB Epilobium hirsutum (Onograceae) Height to 2m. Downy perennial with a round stem. Favours damp habitats such as fens and riverbanks. FLOWERS are 25mm across and pinkish purple with pale centres, and a 4-lobed stigma; in terminal clusters (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are pods that contain cottony seeds. LEAVES are broadly oval, hairy and clasping. STATUS-Widespread and common, except in the N.
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  • MARSH WILLOWHERB Epilobium palustre (Onograceae) Height to 50cm. Slender, upright perennial with a round, smooth stem. Found in damp habitats, mainly on acid soils. FLOWERS are 4-7mm across and pale pink, with a club-shaped stigma (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are pods that contain cottony seeds. LEAVES are narrow, untoothed, unstalked and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
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  • PALE ST JOHN’S-WORT Hypericum montanum (Clusiaceae) Height to 80cm. Perennial with round stems. Similar to Hairy St John’s-wort but almost hairless. Found in scrub on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 10-15mm across with pale yellow petals and red sepals (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are dry capsules. LEAVES lack translucent dots but have marginal black dots below. STATUS-Local, in England and Wales.
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  • ROUND-HEADED LEEK Allium sphaerocephalon. Height to 1m. An impressive plant, whose spherical heads of reddish-pink flowers are carried on a long, slender stem (June-July). Restricted to limestone rocks in the Avon Gorge; also found on dunes on Jersey.
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  • Redlead Roundhead - Leratiomyces ceres (Stropharia aurantiaca)
    135398.jpg
  • Redlead Roundhead - Leratiomyces ceres (Stropharia aurantiaca)
    135395.jpg
  • Redlead Roundhead - Leratiomyces ceres (Stropharia aurantiaca)
    135545.jpg
  • Alder Buckthorn Frangula alnus (Rhamnaceae) HEIGHT to 5m. A small tree with a broadly spreading or sometimes sprawling habit. BARK Smooth, grey and vertically furrowed bark. BRANCHES The twigs have numerous small fine hairs and are green at first, becoming grey-brown later, and are opposite, like the branches. LEAVES Opposite, up to 7cm long, broadly ovate with entire margins and a short-pointed tip. There are up to 9 pairs of veins on the leaf; these curve towards the margin. The leaves are glossy-green above and paler below, turning a clear lemon-yellow in autumn, or redder if exposed to bright sunlight. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The greenish-white 5-petalled flowers are very small and inconspicuous, rarely more than 3mm across; they grow in small axillary clusters and open in May or June, sometimes later. The berry-like fruits are up to 10mm in diameter and ripen from pale green through yellow to red and finally black. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of much of Europe, apart from far north and drier parts of Mediterranean region. In our region it is found, as a native species, mainly in central and southern England and south Wales; it is scarce in Ireland and absent from Scotland. Alder Buckthorn grows mainly in marshy woodlands and on acidic soils.
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  • Sorbus decipiens (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m<br />
Usually a small tree. LEAVES Oval in overall outline but with sharply angled lobes and 10-13 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are orange, to 15mm long, with largish lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Planted here, sometimes naturalised.
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  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
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  • SMALL TEASEL Dipsacus pilosus (Dipsacaceae) Height to 1.25m. Upright biennial with stems that are hairy towards the top of the plant. Grows along woodland margins and on banks. FLOWERS are white and carried in spherical to egg-shaped heads, 15-20mm across, with spiny bracts; borne on tall stems (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are dry, papery and borne in the dry flower heads. LEAVES are oval, those at the base long-stalked and forming a rosette; stem leaves sometimes have 2 basal lobes but are not joined around the stem. STATUS-Local, in England and Wales only.
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  • Pyrola rotundifolia subsp norvegica - Varanger, Norway
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  • The Roundhouse on the River Thames at Inglesham near Lechlade in Gloucestershire, Uk
    154606.jpg
  • The Roundhouse on the River Thames at Inglesham near Lechlade in Gloucestershire, Uk
    154607.jpg
  • The Roundhouse on the River Thames at Inglesham near Lechlade in Gloucestershire, Uk
    154608.jpg
  • The Roundhouse on the River Thames at Inglesham near Lechlade in Gloucestershire, Uk
    154609.jpg
  • Alder Buckthorn Frangula alnus (Rhamnaceae) HEIGHT to 5m. A small tree with a broadly spreading or sometimes sprawling habit. BARK Smooth, grey and vertically furrowed bark. BRANCHES The twigs have numerous small fine hairs and are green at first, becoming grey-brown later, and are opposite, like the branches. LEAVES Opposite, up to 7cm long, broadly ovate with entire margins and a short-pointed tip. There are up to 9 pairs of veins on the leaf; these curve towards the margin. The leaves are glossy-green above and paler below, turning a clear lemon-yellow in autumn, or redder if exposed to bright sunlight. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The greenish-white 5-petalled flowers are very small and inconspicuous, rarely more than 3mm across; they grow in small axillary clusters and open in May or June, sometimes later. The berry-like fruits are up to 10mm in diameter and ripen from pale green through yellow to red and finally black. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of much of Europe, apart from far north and drier parts of Mediterranean region. In our region it is found, as a native species, mainly in central and southern England and south Wales; it is scarce in Ireland and absent from Scotland. Alder Buckthorn grows mainly in marshy woodlands and on acidic soils.
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  • A species of whitebeam native to Exmoor, as yet properly described. Named 'D' after Desolate, the area on Exmoor where it grows. Similar to Sorbus vexans (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. LEAVES Ovate to elliptical with shallow-toothed lobes extendingaround 1/3 to midrib; 8-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are red with scattered lenticels.
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  • Pear-fruited Hawthorn Crataegus pedicellata Height to 7m. Deciduous shrub. Leaves are diamond-shaped to near-palmate with lobed, toothed margins. Flowers are pinkish-white and borne in sprays. Fruits are bright scarlet berries, borne in clusters.
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  • Cliff Whitebeam Sorbus rupicola (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
A small tree, and often little more than a shrub (lumped within S. aria agg. by some authors). LEAVES Narrowly obovate with shallow, sharply-toothed lobes conspicuous only on distal third of leaf; teeth curve on the outer edge and are all directed towards the apex. Leaves are densely woolly underneath and there are 7-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits ripen bright red, to 15mm long with many lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Scattered across north and west Britain, found mainly on limestone.
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  • Dwarf Elder Sambucus ebulus (Caprifoliaceae) HEIGHT to 2m<br />
Unpleasant-smelling deciduous shrub or very occasionally a small tree. BARK reddish brown. BRANCHES Arching and grooved, turning red in September. LEAVES Compound, divided into 7-13 narrow leaflets, narrower than those of Elder. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are 3-5mm across and pinkish white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 8-15cm across and appear from June to August. Fruits are black, poisonous berries that are borne in clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Doubtfully native to Britain and Ireland; patchily distributed and generally scarce, being found mainly in the south of the region. Grows in hedgerows and scrub, and on roadside verges.
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  • Dwarf Elder Sambucus ebulus (Caprifoliaceae) HEIGHT to 2m<br />
Unpleasant-smelling deciduous shrub or very occasionally a small tree. BARK reddish brown. BRANCHES Arching and grooved, turning red in September. LEAVES Compound, divided into 7-13 narrow leaflets, narrower than those of Elder. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are 3-5mm across and pinkish white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 8-15cm across and appear from June to August. Fruits are black, poisonous berries that are borne in clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Doubtfully native to Britain and Ireland; patchily distributed and generally scarce, being found mainly in the south of the region. Grows in hedgerows and scrub, and on roadside verges.
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  • Siberian Crab Malus baccata (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 15m <br />
A domed and rather spreading tree. BARK Brownish and regularly cracking. BRANCHES Much-divided and dense. LEAVES Rather slender and matt rather than shiny, REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Compact flower heads of white blossom make this a popular garden tree. The fruit is green at first but ripens to bright red and remains on the tree long after the leaves have fallen, providing a late feed for winter migrant birds. STATUs AND DISTRIBUTION A native of China, planted in Britain and Ireland in parks and gardens.
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  • Sorbus hibernica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m. A shrub or small tree. LEAVES Ovate to slightly obovate, with toothed lobes on distal half of leaf; whitish woolly below and leaves have 9-1 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are pinkish red, to 15mm long, with few lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Confined to areas of scrub and woodland on limestone in central Ireland.
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  • Sorbus wilmottiana (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Shrub or small tree. LEAVES Ovate with short-toothed, shallow lobes; 8-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits crimson, to 13mm long; few large lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Avon Gorge only.
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  • Sorbus leptophylla (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 3m<br />
Small shrub. LEAVES Obovate with shallow, toothed distal lobes; there are 10-11 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits scarlet, to 2cm long with few lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare; limestone in Breconshire.
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  • Usually a small tree. LEAVES Obovate with shallow, toothed lobes on distal two-thirds of leaf; white woolly below with 8-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits scarlet, to 15mm long, with few lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Scarec and local, confined to rocky, coastal woodland on Old Red Sandstone, N Devon and N Somerset.
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  • Sorbus porrigentiformis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 5m<br />
A shrub or sometimes a small tree. LEAVES Obovate to ovate, the margins toothed, the teeth largest on the distal half; white woolly below with 8-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are crimson, to 12mm long with a few large lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Confined mainly to SW England and S Wales, growing on limestone.
    134733.jpg
  • Sorbus croceocarpa (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 20m<br />
Medium-sized tree. LEAVES Ovate with small marginal teeth; 9-11 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits orange, to 2cm long, with many lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Introduced.
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  • Cliff Whitebeam Sorbus rupicola (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
A small tree, and often little more than a shrub (lumped within S. aria agg. by some authors). LEAVES Narrowly obovate with shallow, sharply-toothed lobes conspicuous only on distal third of leaf; teeth curve on the outer edge and are all directed towards the apex. Leaves are densely woolly underneath and there are 7-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits ripen bright red, to 15mm long with many lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Scattered across north and west Britain, found mainly on limestone.
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  • Sorbus anglica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 3m. Small shrub. LEAVES Ovate to obovate, lobed and toothed towards distal half; shiny above, whitish and downy below, 8-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits crimson, to 12mm long, with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Restricted to hillsides in Wales, SW England and Ireland, mostly limestone.
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  • Exmoor Service Sorbus subcuneata (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. Modest tree (lumped within Sorbus latifolia agg. by some authors). LEAVES Ovate to elliptical with shallow-toothed lobes extending less than ¼ to midrib; 8-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are brownish, to 12mm long, with numerous lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Scarce and local, confined to Sessile Oak Quercus petraea woodland on Old Red Sandstone, mainly in the valley of the East Lyn, around Watersmeet in N Devon.
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  • Sorbus lancastriensis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 5m<br />
A shrub or small tree. LEAVES Ovate, the margin with short, sharp teeth; 8-10 pairs of veins and leaves are downy below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers and fruits are borne on slightly downy stalks. Fruits are red, to 1.5cm long, with prominent lenticels when ripe. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Mainly confined to limestone rocks in NW England.
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  • Bird Cherry Prunus padus Rosaceae Height to 17m <br />
Deciduous tree, domed with age. Bark Smooth, dark grey-brown; unpleasant smell if rubbed. Branches Mostly ascending, with downy twigs. Leaves Elliptical, to 10cm long, toothed, tapering at tip. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, in 15cm-long spikes. Fruits to 8mm long, shiny black. Status Local, mainly on limestone in N; also widely planted.
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  • Cockspurthorn Crataegus crus-galli (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
A small, usually spreading deciduous tree with a flattish crown and a short bole. BARK Smooth and greyish-brown in young trees; in older trees it is fissured. BRANCHES Purple-brown twigs carry numerous 7–10cm-long sharp spines. LEAVES Up to 8cm long and about 3cm wide, increasing in width above the middle, with a toothed margin. Both surfaces are smooth and shiny, dark green in summer and turning a rich orange in autumn, often before other species have started to show colour changes. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white flowers are<br />
about 1.5cm in diameter and grow in loose clusters, opening in May. The red globular fruits are ripe in October and persist after the leaves have fallen. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native tree in NE America, and often planted in Britain and Ireland as a garden or roadside tree, mostly for its striking orange autumn colours
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  • Cockspurthorn Crataegus crus-galli (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
A small, usually spreading deciduous tree with a flattish crown and a short bole. BARK Smooth and greyish-brown in young trees; in older trees it is fissured. BRANCHES Purple-brown twigs carry numerous 7–10cm-long sharp spines. LEAVES Up to 8cm long and about 3cm wide, increasing in width above the middle, with a toothed margin. Both surfaces are smooth and shiny, dark green in summer and turning a rich orange in autumn, often before other species have started to show colour changes. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white flowers are<br />
about 1.5cm in diameter and grow in loose clusters, opening in May. The red globular fruits are ripe in October and persist after the leaves have fallen. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native tree in NE America, and often planted in Britain and Ireland as a garden or roadside tree, mostly for its striking orange autumn colours
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  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
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  • Cliff Whitebeam Sorbus rupicola (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
A small tree, and often little more than a shrub (lumped within S. aria agg. by some authors). LEAVES Narrowly obovate with shallow, sharply-toothed lobes conspicuous only on distal third of leaf; teeth curve on the outer edge and are all directed towards the apex. Leaves are densely woolly underneath and there are 7-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits ripen bright red, to 15mm long with many lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Scattered across north and west Britain, found mainly on limestone.
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  • Cockspurthorn Crataegus crus-galli (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
A small, usually spreading deciduous tree with a flattish crown and a short bole. BARK Smooth and greyish-brown in young trees; in older trees it is fissured. BRANCHES Purple-brown twigs carry numerous 7–10cm-long sharp spines. LEAVES Up to 8cm long and about 3cm wide, increasing in width above the middle, with a toothed margin. Both surfaces are smooth and shiny, dark green in summer and turning a rich orange in autumn, often before other species have started to show colour changes. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white flowers are<br />
about 1.5cm in diameter and grow in loose clusters, opening in May. The red globular fruits are ripe in October and persist after the leaves have fallen. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native tree in NE America, and often planted in Britain and Ireland as a garden or roadside tree, mostly for its striking orange autumn colours
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  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
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  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
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  • WILD MADDER Rubia peregrina (Rubiaceae) Height to 1m<br />
Straggly, bedstraw-like perennial; 4-angled stems have backward-pointing bristles on the angles. Grows in hedgerows and scrub and mainly coastal. FLOWERS are 4-6mm across, yellowish green and 5-lobed; in small clusters arising from leaf axils (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are black, spherical berries. LEAVES are dark green, shiny and leathery with prickles on the margins and midrib below. STATUS-Local, mainly coastal and in S.
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