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  • Hazel - Corylus avellana Betulaceae Height to 6m<br />
Multi-stemmed shrub, or short tree. Bark Smooth, shiny, peeling into papery strips. Branches Upright to spreading. Twigs with stiff hairs, buds oval and smooth. Leaves Rounded, to 10cm long, hairy above; heart-shaped base and pointed tip. Margins double-toothed. Reproductive parts Male catkins to 8cm long, pendulous and yellow. Female flowers red and tiny; produce hard-shelled nuts. Status Common, often coppiced.
    157533.jpg
  • Loquat Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small evergreen tree or large shrub. BARK Grey-buff. BRANCHES Thick, with hairy twigs. LEAVES To 25cm long, elliptical, toothed with distinct veins; leathery, glossy-green above, downy reddish-brown below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers white, to 1cm across, in branched, downy terminal spikes. Fruits rounded, yellow, fleshy, to 6cm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of China, introduced here for ornament but not hardy.
    135004.jpg
  • Cretan Maple Acer sempervirens (Aceraceae) HEIGHT to 12m <br />
Shrub or small, compact evergreen tree. BARK Smooth and grey with lighter patches. BRANCHES Tangled and twisted with shiny-brown twigs. LEAVES Opposite, to 5cm long and often 3-lobed, but sometimes irregular or simple with untoothed margins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Greenish flowers open in April, in small erect clusters. Fruits are green or red-winged, with wings parallel or slightly divergent. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Crete and Greece, planted here occasionally.
    134857.jpg
  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
    134541.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    133956.jpg
  • Osier Salix viminalis (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Spreading shrub or small tree. Rarely reaches full potential, being regularly cropped for long flexible twigs (‘withies’), used for weaving. Natural crown is narrow with slightly pendulous branches. SHOOTS Straight twigs are flexible, covered with greyish hairs when young, becoming smoother and shiny olive-brown with age. LEAVES Narrow, tapering, to 15cm long, the margin usually waved and rolled under; underside has grey woolly hairs. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male and female catkins, to 3cm long, appear before leaves on separate trees; erect or slightly curved. Males are yellow, females browner. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Common native tree in wet habitats. Often planted for withies, masking its true native range.
    133881.jpg
  • Wild Pear Pyrus pyraster Rosaceae Height to 15m <br />
Deciduous spreading shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, breaking into square plates. Branches Spreading and spiny; twigs smooth and greyish brown. Leaves To 7cm long, elliptical with toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, long-stalked; produced in quantity. Fruits rounded, hard, to 3.5cm across, yellowish brown. Status Local native.
    133735.jpg
  • Saint Lucie Cherry Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Often little more than a spreading shrub, but sometimes a small tree. BARK Greyish-brown and ringed with brown lenticels. BRANCHES Spreading, the young twigs covered with short greyish hairs and often slightly weeping at the tips. LEAVES Alternate, up to 7cm long and almost rounded, with a short point at the tip and a rounded or nearly heart-shaped base. The margin is finely toothed, the upper surface is glossy and the lower surface finely downy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white, scented flowers, which open in April–May, grow in clusters of 3–10 in groups of racemes at the end of leafy shoots. The 5 petals are about 8mm long and surround the yellowish anthers. The fruit is a 0.6–1cm-long ovate or rounded black berry with bitter-tasting flesh surrounding a smooth rounded stone. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of central and S Europe, growing in woodland glades and thickets. Planted in our region for ornament and naturalised occasionally.
    133711.jpg
  • Karo Pittosporum crassifolium (Pittosporaceae)HEIGHT to 10m. Small evergreen tree or large shrub. BARK Blackish. BRANCHES Congested. LEAVES Leathery, to 8cm long and 3cm wide, ovate to lanceolate and blunt-tipped; dark green above, paler and woolly below with slightly inrolled margin. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers, in lax clusters, have 5 deep red petals and yellow anthers. Fruit is an ovoid capsule, to 3cm long, matt and light green, with shiny seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of New Zealand, tolerant of salt spray so planted for coastal hedging and naturalised in parts of SW England.
    133704.jpg
  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
    133244.jpg
  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
    132317.jpg
  • Hazel Corylus avellana Betulaceae Height to 6m<br />
Multi-stemmed shrub, or short tree. Bark Smooth, shiny, peeling into papery strips. Branches Upright to spreading. Twigs with stiff hairs, buds oval and smooth. Leaves Rounded, to 10cm long, hairy above; heart-shaped base and pointed tip. Margins double-toothed. Reproductive parts Male catkins to 8cm long, pendulous and yellow. Female flowers red and tiny; produce hard-shelled nuts. Status Common, often coppiced.
    130194.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    130135.jpg
  • Wild Pear Pyrus pyraster Rosaceae Height to 15m <br />
Deciduous spreading shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, breaking into square plates. Branches Spreading and spiny; twigs smooth and greyish brown. Leaves To 7cm long, elliptical with toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, long-stalked; produced in quantity. Fruits rounded, hard, to 3.5cm across, yellowish brown. Status Local native.
    105824.jpg
  • BLACKTHORN Prunus spinosa (Rosaceae) Height to 5m<br />
Thorny shrub that often forms dense thickets. Common in hedgerows and on sea cliffs. FLOWERS are 14-18mm across with 5 white petals; they appear before the leaves (Mar-Apr). FRUITS (sloes) are purplish with a powdery bloom, and resemble tiny plums. LEAVES areova, 2-4cm long and have toothed margins. STATUS-Common and widespread.
    137608.jpg
  • HOLLY Ilex aquifolium (Aquifoliaceae) Height to 10m<br />
Evergreen shrub or small tree, familiar as a Christmas decoration. Found in woods and hedgerows. FLOWERS 6-8mm across, whitish and 4-petalled; borne in crowded clusters (May-Jul). FRUITS are bright red berries. LEAVES are stiff and leathery with spiny margins; shiny dark green above but paler below. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    133844.jpg
  • DWARF ELDER Sambucus ebulus (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 2m. Unpleasant-smelling deciduous shrub or small tree with grooved stems. Grows in hedgerows and scrub, and on roadside verges. FLOWERS are 3-5mm across and pinkish white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 8-15cm across (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are black, poisonous berries that are borne in clusters. LEAVES are divided into 7-13 narrow leaflets. STATUS-Widespread but patchily distributed and mainly in the S.
    131910.jpg
  • BLACK CURRANT Ribes nigrum (Grossulariaceae)  Height to 2m. Deciduous shrub, found in damp woodlands and hedgerows. FLOWERS are greenish, bell-shaped and pendent; in clusters of up to 10 flowers (Apr-May). FRUITS are black berries. LEAVES are rounded, irregularly 5-lobed, stickily hairy and aromatic when bruised. STATUS-Locally common native plant but also widely naturalised.
    131503.jpg
  • BARBERRY Berberis vulgaris (Berberidaceae) Height to 2m<br />
Small, deciduous shrub with grooved twigs and 3-forked prickles. Found in hedgerows and scrub, mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are small, yellow and borne in hanging clusters (May-Jun). FRUITS are ovoid, reddish berries. LEAVES are sharp-toothed, oval and borne in tufts from axils of prickles. STATUS-Scarce native; also naturalised.
    130958.jpg
  • GOOSEBERRY Ribes uva-crispa (Grossulariaceae) Height to 1m. Deciduous shrub with spiny stems. Found in woodlands and hedgerows. FLOWERS are up to 1cm across, yellowish and borne in clusters (Mar-May). FRUITS are green and hairy, eventually swelling to form familiar gooseberries. LEAVES are rounded and irregularly lobed. STATUS-Widespread and fairly common native plant; also widely naturalised.
    130673.jpg
  • HOLLY Ilex aquifolium (Aquifoliaceae) Height to 10m<br />
Evergreen shrub or small tree, familiar as a Christmas decoration. Found in woods and hedgerows. FLOWERS 6-8mm across, whitish and 4-petalled; borne in crowded clusters (May-Jul). FRUITS are bright red berries. LEAVES are stiff and leathery with spiny margins; shiny dark green above but paler below. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    129859.jpg
  • HAWTHORN Crategus monogyna (Rosaceae) Height to 12m<br />
Thorny shrub or small tree. Forms dense thickets and often the commonest hedgerow species. FLOWERS are 15-25mm across with 5 white petals; in clusters (May-Jun). FRUITS ripen to form clusters of bright red berries. LEAVES are shiny, roughly oval and divided into 3-7 pairs of lobes. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    129645.jpg
  • Osier - Salix viminalis (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 6m. Spreading shrub or small tree. Rarely reaches full potential, being regularly cropped for long flexible twigs (‘withies’), used for weaving. Natural crown is narrow with slightly pendulous branches. SHOOTS Straight twigs are flexible, covered with greyish hairs when young, becoming smoother and shiny olive-brown with age. LEAVES Narrow, tapering, to 15cm long, the margin usually waved and rolled under; underside has grey woolly hairs. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male and female catkins, to 3cm long, appear before leaves on separate trees; erect or slightly curved. Males are yellow, females browner. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Common native tree in wet habitats. Often planted for withies, masking its true native range.
    157544.jpg
  • Osier - Salix viminalis (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Spreading shrub or small tree. Rarely reaches full potential, being regularly cropped for long flexible twigs (‘withies’), used for weaving. Natural crown is narrow with slightly pendulous branches. SHOOTS Straight twigs are flexible, covered with greyish hairs when young, becoming smoother and shiny olive-brown with age. LEAVES Narrow, tapering, to 15cm long, the margin usually waved and rolled under; underside has grey woolly hairs. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male and female catkins, to 3cm long, appear before leaves on separate trees; erect or slightly curved. Males are yellow, females browner. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Common native tree in wet habitats. Often planted for withies, masking its true native range.
    157441.jpg
  • Woolly Willow Salix lanata (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 3m<br />
Small shrub. SHOOTS Woolly at first, glossy brown with age. LEAVES Broadly oval, to 6cm long, white and woolly below when mature. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Catkins; males are golden. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare, on damp, base-rich mountain ledges.
    134320.jpg
  • HAZEL Corylus avellana (Betulaceae) - female flowers. Height to 12m. Dense woodland shrub or small tree that is often coppiced. FLOWERS are catkins (male) and small red, tufted structures (female) (Jan-Mar). FRUITS are hard-cased nuts, green at first, ripening brown in autumn. LEAVES appear after flowers and are 6-8cm long, circular to oval, with double-toothed margins. STATUS-Common and widespread.
    133267.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    153639.jpg
  • Sea-buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides (Eleagnaceae) HEIGHT to 11m. Multi-stemmed shrub or suckering small tree. BARK Fissured, peeling; thorny twigs covered with silvery scales that rub off. LEAVES To 6cm long and 1cm wide, with silvery scales. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers, to 3mm across, lack petals, open in March or April. Male and female flowers on different trees. Fruits are bright orange berries, up to 8mm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Europe, including coastal E England; planted elsewhere to stabilise dunes, also inland for ornament.
    144522.jpg
  • Sea-buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides (Eleagnaceae) HEIGHT to 11m. Multi-stemmed shrub or suckering small tree. BARK Fissured, peeling; thorny twigs covered with silvery scales that rub off. LEAVES To 6cm long and 1cm wide, with silvery scales. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers, to 3mm across, lack petals, open in March or April. Male and female flowers on different trees. Fruits are bright orange berries, up to 8mm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Europe, including coastal E England; planted elsewhere to stabilise dunes, also inland for ornament.
    144520.jpg
  • Common Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Rosaceae Height to 15m Spreading deciduous tree or shrub. Bark Fissured with vertical grooves. Branches Densely packed, with sharp spines. Leaves To 4.5cm long, deeply lobed, with teeth near apex. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 15mm across, in flat-topped clusters of 10–18 (May). Fruits (‘haws’) rounded and red. Status Common native of hedgerows and scrub, especially on chalk.
    144504.jpg
  • Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Rosaceae Height to 6m <br />
Densely branched shrub. Bark Blackish-brown. Branches Spreading, with spiny twigs. Leaves Ovate, toothed, to 4.5cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, to 17mm across; produced prolifically (Feb-Mar). Fruits (Sloes) to 1.5cm long, ovoid, blue-black with a bloom. Status Common.
    141298.jpg
  • Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Rosaceae Height to 6m <br />
Nb use map T108blac <br />
Pics 122164 and 135140 and 129655<br />
Densely branched shrub. Bark Blackish-brown. Branches Spreading, with spiny twigs. Leaves Ovate, toothed, to 4.5cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, to 17mm across; produced prolifically (Feb-Mar). Fruits (Sloes) to 1.5cm long, ovoid, blue-black with a bloom. Status Common.
    141296.jpg
  • Common Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Rosaceae Height to 15m Spreading deciduous tree or shrub. Bark Fissured with vertical grooves. Branches Densely packed, with sharp spines. Leaves To 4.5cm long, deeply lobed, with teeth near apex. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 15mm across, in flat-topped clusters of 10–18 (May). Fruits (‘haws’) rounded and red. Status Common native of hedgerows and scrub, especially on chalk.
    135642.jpg
  • BUCKTHORN Rhamnus cathartica (Rhamnaceae) Height to 8m. Deciduous, thorny shrub or small tree. Found in woodland and scrub, mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 4-5mm across and greenish yellow; borne in clusters (May). FRUITS are berries that ripen black; borne in clusters. LEAVES are 3-6cm long, oval, finely toothed and opposite. STATUS-Locally common in E England only.
    135454.jpg
  • Red-osier Dogwood Cornus sericea (Height to 3m) is a shrub with dark red, or yellow, twigs in winter. Leaves ovate, to 10cm long, with pointed tips. Native of N America, planted here, sometimes naturalised.
    135452.jpg
  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
    135417.jpg
  • French Hales Sorbus devoniensis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 7m <br />
A medium-sized tree, or sometimes a large hedgerow shrub. LEAVES Broadly oval and leathery with shallow-toothed, sharp lobes on distal two-thirds of leaf; dark glossy green above and white below, with 7-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are brownish orange, to 15mm long, with numerous lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Local, on neutral to slightly acid, rocky ground; the main range is Devon and E Cornwall, but it also occurs in SE Ireland. These days it is mainly a hedgerow species but it is also found in coastal woodland too.
    135419.jpg
  • HAWTHORN Crataegus monogyna (Rosaceae) Height to 12m. Thorny shrub or small tree. Forms dense thickets and often the commonest hedgerow species. FLOWERS are 15-25mm across with 5 white petals; in clusters (May-Jun). FRUITS ripen to form clusters of bright red berries. LEAVES are shiny, roughly oval and divided into 3-7 pairs of lobes. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    135298.jpg
  • Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare Oleaceae Height to 5m<br />
Branched, semi-evergreen shrub. Bark Reddish brown with distinct gashes. Branches Dense, much-divided; twigs downy. Leaves Shiny, untoothed, oval, opposite. Reproductive parts Flowers creamy white, 4-5mm across, fragrant and 4-petalled; in terminal spikes. Fruits shiny, black and clustered. Status Native on calcareous soils but also widely planted.
    135281.jpg
  • DOGWOOD Cornus sanguinea (Cornaceae) Height to 4m<br />
Deciduous shrub whose deep red twigs stand out in winter. Found in hedgerows and scrub, mainly in calcareous soils. FLOWERS are white with 4 petals; in flat clusters (May-Jul). FRUITS are berries that ripen black. LEAVES are oval, opposite and have 3-5 veins on both sides of midrib. STATUS-Locally common in England and Wales.
    135173.jpg
  • Wild Pear Pyrus pyraster Rosaceae Height to 15m <br />
Deciduous spreading shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, breaking into square plates. Branches Spreading and spiny; twigs smooth and greyish brown. Leaves To 7cm long, elliptical with toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, long-stalked; produced in quantity. Fruits rounded, hard, to 3.5cm across, yellowish brown. Status Local native.
    135147.jpg
  • Wild Pear Pyrus pyraster Rosaceae Height to 15m <br />
Deciduous spreading shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, breaking into square plates. Branches Spreading and spiny; twigs smooth and greyish brown. Leaves To 7cm long, elliptical with toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, long-stalked; produced in quantity. Fruits rounded, hard, to 3.5cm across, yellowish brown. Status Local native.
    135149.jpg
  • Wild Pear Pyrus pyraster Rosaceae Height to 15m <br />
Deciduous spreading shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, breaking into square plates. Branches Spreading and spiny; twigs smooth and greyish brown. Leaves To 7cm long, elliptical with toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, long-stalked; produced in quantity. Fruits rounded, hard, to 3.5cm across, yellowish brown. Status Local native.
    135145.jpg
  • Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Rosaceae Height to 6m <br />
Nb use map T108blac <br />
Pics 122164 and 135140 and 129655<br />
Densely branched shrub. Bark Blackish-brown. Branches Spreading, with spiny twigs. Leaves Ovate, toothed, to 4.5cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, to 17mm across; produced prolifically (Feb-Mar). Fruits (Sloes) to 1.5cm long, ovoid, blue-black with a bloom. Status Common.
    135140.jpg
  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
    135131.jpg
  • BUCKTHORN Rhamnus cathartica (Rhamnaceae) Height to 8m. Deciduous, thorny shrub or small tree. Found in woodland and scrub, mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 4-5mm across and greenish yellow; borne in clusters (May). FRUITS are berries that ripen black; borne in clusters. LEAVES are 3-6cm long, oval, finely toothed and opposite. STATUS-Locally common in E England only.
    135117.jpg
  • Parsley-leaved Elder  Sambucus nigra laciniata. A distinctive form of widespread Elder; often cultivated but also appears to occur naturally in the wild (possibly bird-sown and naturalised). A small deciduous, often rather untidy tree or a large shrub. BARK Deeply grooved and furrowed bark, greyish-brown and corky with age. BRANCHES Numerous, spreading and twisted. LEAVES are much-divded and parsley-like. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are borne in a dense, flat-topped cluster; individual flowers are small and composed of 3–5 white petals and anthers. The fruit is a rounded, shiny-black berry, often produced in great quantities in pendulous heads.
    135098.jpg
  • Barberry Berberis vulgaris Berberidaceae Height to 2m<br />
Small, deciduous shrub. Bark Brown. Branches With grooved twigs and 3-forked prickles. Leaves Oval and sharp-toothed; in tufts from axils of prickles. Reproductive parts Flower small, yellow, in hanging clusters. Fruits are ovoid, reddish berries. Status Scarce native, mainly on calcareous soils; but also planted and sometimes naturalised.
    134958.jpg
  • Wild Pear Pyrus pyraster Rosaceae Height to 15m <br />
Deciduous spreading shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, breaking into square plates. Branches Spreading and spiny; twigs smooth and greyish brown. Leaves To 7cm long, elliptical with toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, long-stalked; produced in quantity. Fruits rounded, hard, to 3.5cm across, yellowish brown. Status Local native.
    134948.jpg
  • Prickly Juniper or Cade Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) HEIGHT to 14m. Spreading evergreen shrub or small untidy tree. BARK Brown, sometimes tinged with purple; peels away in vertical strips. LEAVES Sharply pointed needles arranged in whorls of 3; upper leaf surface has 2 pale bands separated by slightly raised midrib, and lower surface has pronounced midrib. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Female cones are rounded or pear-shaped, and mature to a reddish colour. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of S Europe, generally preferring dry habitats.
    134935.jpg
  • Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus Rosaceae Height to 8m<br />
Evergreen shrub or small tree. Bark Dark grey-brown, pitted with lenticels. Branches Dense, with pale-green twigs. Leaves Leathery, to 20cm long and oblong. Reproductive parts Flowers white, fragrant, in erect spikes to 13cm long. Fruits rounded, green, turning red, ripening blackish-purple. Status Introduced, widely planted and sometimes naturalised.
    134816.jpg
  • Sorbus hibernica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m. A shrub or small tree. LEAVES Ovate to slightly obovate, with toothed lobes on distal half of leaf; whitish woolly below and leaves have 9-1 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are pinkish red, to 15mm long, with few lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Confined to areas of scrub and woodland on limestone in central Ireland.
    134741.jpg
  • Sorbus wilmottiana (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Shrub or small tree. LEAVES Ovate with short-toothed, shallow lobes; 8-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits crimson, to 13mm long; few large lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Avon Gorge only.
    134737.jpg
  • Sorbus leptophylla (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 3m<br />
Small shrub. LEAVES Obovate with shallow, toothed distal lobes; there are 10-11 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits scarlet, to 2cm long with few lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare; limestone in Breconshire.
    134736.jpg
  • Sorbus porrigentiformis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 5m<br />
A shrub or sometimes a small tree. LEAVES Obovate to ovate, the margins toothed, the teeth largest on the distal half; white woolly below with 8-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are crimson, to 12mm long with a few large lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Confined mainly to SW England and S Wales, growing on limestone.
    134733.jpg
  • Small shrub. LEAVES Narrowly oval with shallow, rounded lobes, mainly on distal half; tip is pointed and there are 8-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits scarlet, to 8mm long, with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare, on limestone in Breconshire.
    134729.jpg
  • Sorbus anglica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 3m. Small shrub. LEAVES Ovate to obovate, lobed and toothed towards distal half; shiny above, whitish and downy below, 8-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits crimson, to 12mm long, with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Restricted to hillsides in Wales, SW England and Ireland, mostly limestone.
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  • Snowbell Tree Styrax japonica (Styracaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Spreading deciduous tree or large shrub. BARK Smooth, dark greyish-brown, fissured with age. BRANCHES Mostly ascending with zigzag slender shoots and purple-tinged buds. LEAVES Elliptical to ovate, to 10cm long with narrow bases, pointed tips, and finely toothed margin; deep glossy green above, turning yellow or red in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White, lightly scented, 5-petalled flowers, to 1.5cm long, hang singly or in small clusters from branches; open in midsummer. Fruit is an egg-shaped berry, to 1.5cm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E Asia, planted here for ornament.
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  • Saint Lucie Cherry Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Often little more than a spreading shrub, but sometimes a small tree. BARK Greyish-brown and ringed with brown lenticels. BRANCHES Spreading, the young twigs covered with short greyish hairs and often slightly weeping at the tips. LEAVES Alternate, up to 7cm long and almost rounded, with a short point at the tip and a rounded or nearly heart-shaped base. The margin is finely toothed, the upper surface is glossy and the lower surface finely downy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white, scented flowers, which open in April–May, grow in clusters of 3–10 in groups of racemes at the end of leafy shoots. The 5 petals are about 8mm long and surround the yellowish anthers. The fruit is a 0.6–1cm-long ovate or rounded black berry with bitter-tasting flesh surrounding a smooth rounded stone. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of central and S Europe, growing in woodland glades and thickets. Planted in our region for ornament and naturalised occasionally.
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  • Wild Pear Pyrus pyraster Rosaceae Height to 15m <br />
Deciduous spreading shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, breaking into square plates. Branches Spreading and spiny; twigs smooth and greyish brown. Leaves To 7cm long, elliptical with toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, 5-petalled, long-stalked; produced in quantity. Fruits rounded, hard, to 3.5cm across, yellowish brown. Status Local native.
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  • Sorbus leyana (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m (often much shorter). Small tree or smaller shrub. LEAVES Oval, with deep lobes, cut to around half way to midrib, on proximal half; tip is rounded and there are 9-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits scarlet, to 1cm across. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Rare, on limestone crags in Breconshire.
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  • Sorbus lancastriensis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 5m<br />
A shrub or small tree. LEAVES Ovate, the margin with short, sharp teeth; 8-10 pairs of veins and leaves are downy below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers and fruits are borne on slightly downy stalks. Fruits are red, to 1.5cm long, with prominent lenticels when ripe. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Mainly confined to limestone rocks in NW England.
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  • Buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica Rhamnaceae Height to 10m<br />
Spreading deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Dark orange-brown, fissured with age. Branches With slender, slightly spiny shoots. Leaves Ovate to rounded, to 6cm long, finely toothed; veins converge towards leaf tip. Reproductive parts Flowers fragrant, with 4 green petals. Fruit is black, shiny and 8mm across. Status Local native, mainly on chalky soils.
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  • Downy Willow Salix lapponum (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 1.5m<br />
Low-growing shrub. SHOOTS Downy at first becoming shiny and reddish brown with age. LEAVES Ovate to elliptical, to 5cm long, greyish green with silky hairs on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Stalkless catkins. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Local; damp mountain slopes and cliffs in Scotland.
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  • Purple Willow Salix purpurea (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Spreading shrub or small tree. BARK Grey and shiny. SHOOTS Shiny and reddish purple when young. LEAVES Elongate ovate, broadest towards the blunt tip and up to 12cm long; hairless, the margin toothed only near the tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are golden-yellow with reddish purple anthers. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native, widespread but rather local; absent from, or scarce in, SE England, W Britain and the Scottish Highlands. Grows in damp ground, beside rivers and ponds and in marshes
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  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
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  • Common Juniper Juniperus communis Cupressaceae Height to 6m. Aromatic evergreen shrub or small tree. Bark Reddish-brown, peeling. Branches With 3-angled twigs. Leaves Needle-like, to 2cm long, in whorls of 3. Foliage is gin- or apple-scented. Reproductive parts Male cones small and yellow. Female cones to 9mm long and green, ripening through blue-green to black in 2nd year. Status Native of chalk downland in S England and moors and limestone crags in N Britain.
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  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
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  • Almond Willow Salix triandra (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small tree or untidy shrub. BARK Smooth, flaking off in small patches. SHOOTS Greenish or reddish-brown and terminate in brown, ovoid, smooth buds. LEAVES Ovate, up to 10cm long, with a serrated margin and pointed tip, usually smooth, hairless, and a dark glossy green. The petiole to 1.5cm long and smooth. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Catkins usually appear at the same time as the leaves on short leafy shoots and are erect and cylindrical. Male catkins up to 5cm long and greenish-yellow, remaining on tree for some time. Female catkins shorter and more compact. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native, widespread in southern England but becoming scarce further north and west. Grows in damp ground, often beside rivers and ponds or in marshes.
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  • Purple Willow Salix purpurea (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Spreading shrub or small tree. BARK Grey and shiny. SHOOTS Shiny and reddish purple when young. LEAVES Elongate ovate, broadest towards the blunt tip and up to 12cm long; hairless, the margin toothed only near the tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are golden-yellow with reddish purple anthers. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native, widespread but rather local; absent from, or scarce in, SE England, W Britain and the Scottish Highlands. Grows in damp ground, beside rivers and ponds and in marshes
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  • Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus Rosaceae Height to 8m<br />
Evergreen shrub or small tree. Bark Dark grey-brown, pitted with lenticels. Branches Dense, with pale-green twigs. Leaves Leathery, to 20cm long and oblong. Reproductive parts Flowers white, fragrant, in erect spikes to 13cm long. Fruits rounded, green, turning red, ripening blackish-purple. Status Introduced, widely planted and sometimes naturalised.
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  • Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus Rosaceae Height to 8m<br />
Evergreen shrub or small tree. Bark Dark grey-brown, pitted with lenticels. Branches Dense, with pale-green twigs. Leaves Leathery, to 20cm long and oblong. Reproductive parts Flowers white, fragrant, in erect spikes to 13cm long. Fruits rounded, green, turning red, ripening blackish-purple. Status Introduced, widely planted and sometimes naturalised.
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  • Purple Willow Salix purpurea (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Spreading shrub or small tree. BARK Grey and shiny. SHOOTS Shiny and reddish purple when young. LEAVES Elongate ovate, broadest towards the blunt tip and up to 12cm long; hairless, the margin toothed only near the tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are golden-yellow with reddish purple anthers. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native, widespread but rather local; absent from, or scarce in, SE England, W Britain and the Scottish Highlands. Grows in damp ground, beside rivers and ponds and in marshes
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  • Osier Salix viminalis (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Spreading shrub or small tree. Rarely reaches full potential, being regularly cropped for long flexible twigs (‘withies’), used for weaving. Natural crown is narrow with slightly pendulous branches. SHOOTS Straight twigs are flexible, covered with greyish hairs when young, becoming smoother and shiny olive-brown with age. LEAVES Narrow, tapering, to 15cm long, the margin usually waved and rolled under; underside has grey woolly hairs. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male and female catkins, to 3cm long, appear before leaves on separate trees; erect or slightly curved. Males are yellow, females browner. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Common native tree in wet habitats. Often planted for withies, masking its true native range.
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  • Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus Rosaceae Height to 8m<br />
Evergreen shrub or small tree. Bark Dark grey-brown, pitted with lenticels. Branches Dense, with pale-green twigs. Leaves Leathery, to 20cm long and oblong. Reproductive parts Flowers white, fragrant, in erect spikes to 13cm long. Fruits rounded, green, turning red, ripening blackish-purple. Status Introduced, widely planted and sometimes naturalised.
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  • New Zealand Broadleaf (also known as Kapuka) Griselinia littoralis Height to 7m. Evergreen shrub or small tree. Leaves are oval , leathery and yellowish-green. Flowers  are greenish-yellow and borne in panicle. Fruits are blackish berries. Semi-hardy, doing best in England in  southern coastal districts
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  • Karo Pittosporum crassifolium (Pittosporaceae)HEIGHT to 10m. Small evergreen tree or large shrub. BARK Blackish. BRANCHES Congested. LEAVES Leathery, to 8cm long and 3cm wide, ovate to lanceolate and blunt-tipped; dark green above, paler and woolly below with slightly inrolled margin. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers, in lax clusters, have 5 deep red petals and yellow anthers. Fruit is an ovoid capsule, to 3cm long, matt and light green, with shiny seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of New Zealand, tolerant of salt spray so planted for coastal hedging and naturalised in parts of SW England.
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  • Escallonia Escallonia macrantha Height to 3m. Semi-evergreen shrub. Native to South America but widely cultiavated and planted for hedging. Thrives in warm, coastal locations. Leaves are oval, toothed and dark glossy green. Flowers are tubular and deep pink; borne in clusters (June-October).
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  • New Zealand Broadleaf (also known as Kapuka) Griselinia littoralis Height to 7m. Evergreen shrub or small tree. Leaves are oval , leathery and yellowish-green. Flowers  are greenish-yellow and borne in panicle. Fruits are blackish berries. Semi-hardy, doing best in England in  southern coastal districts
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  • Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus Rosaceae Height to 8m<br />
Evergreen shrub or small tree. Bark Dark grey-brown, pitted with lenticels. Branches Dense, with pale-green twigs. Leaves Leathery, to 20cm long and oblong. Reproductive parts Flowers white, fragrant, in erect spikes to 13cm long. Fruits rounded, green, turning red, ripening blackish-purple. Status Introduced, widely planted and sometimes naturalised.
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  • Loebner's Magnolia Magnolia x loebneri Height to 8m. Hybrid evergreen shrub or small tree. Leaves are oval and fresh green. Flowers open on bare branches and have pinkish white petals arranged in star shape.
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  • BOX Buxus sempervirens (Buxaceae) Height to 5m<br />
Dense, evergreen shrub or small tree. Familiar as a garden plant, used in hedging and topiary. Native on chalky soils. FLOWERS are tiny and yellowish green, lacking petals (Mar-May). FRUITS are 3-horned capsules. LEAVES are 1.5-3cm long, oval and leathery, with inrolled margins. STATUS-Widely planted but native only to SE England.
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  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
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  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
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  • New Zealand Holly Olearia macrodonta (Compositae) HEIGHT to 3m. Bushy shrub. BARK Brown and stringy. BRANCHES Much divided. LEAVES Ovate with sharply-toothed margins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are whitish, daisy-like and borne in dense clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of New Zealand. Planted here for hedging and self-sown; not hardy so found mainly in coastal W Britain.
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  • Dogwood Cornus sanguinea Cornaceae Height to 4m <br />
Shrub or small tree. Bark Grey, smooth. Branches Twigs are distinctive dark red in winter. Leaves Opposite, oval, with entire margins and 3–4 pairs of prominent veins. Reproductive parts Flowers small, white, in large terminal clusters. Fruits are blackish, rounded berries; borne in clusters. Status Common native on calcareous soils; also widely planted.
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  • Witch Hazel Hamamelis mollis (Hamamelidaceae) HEIGHT to 4m. Rarely more than a small sprawling shrub, but sometimes grows into a small domed tree. BARK Greyish brown. BRANCHES Dense and mostly ascending. LEAVES Resemble Hazel leaves, and are alternate and mostly oval with pointed tips, a toothed margin and an unequal base. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Best known for its winter flowers, produced long before the leaves open. They are composed of long yellow, ribbon-like petals and red stamens, and are noticeably sweet-scented. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of China, introduced into Britain late in the 19th century and now found in parks and gardens and sometimes naturalized in open woodlands.
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  • Japanese Witch Hazel Hamamelis japonica (Height to 4m). Similar to Witch Hazel H. mollis and  is a spring-flowering shrub with a spreading habit, rather subdued flower colour but colourful autumn leaves. H. x intermedia is a popular hybrid with more showy spring flowers than of the above species; seen as many different cultivars.
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  • Common Juniper Juniperus communis Cupressaceae Height to 6m. Aromatic evergreen shrub or small tree. Bark Reddish-brown, peeling. Branches With 3-angled twigs. Leaves Needle-like, to 2cm long, in whorls of 3. Foliage is gin- or apple-scented. Reproductive parts Male cones small and yellow. Female cones to 9mm long and green, ripening through blue-green to black in 2nd year. Status Native of chalk downland in S England and moors and limestone crags in N Britain.
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  • Loquat Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small evergreen tree or large shrub. BARK Grey-buff. BRANCHES Thick, with hairy twigs. LEAVES To 25cm long, elliptical, toothed with distinct veins; leathery, glossy-green above, downy reddish-brown below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers white, to 1cm across, in branched, downy terminal spikes. Fruits rounded, yellow, fleshy, to 6cm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of China, introduced here for ornament but not hardy.
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  • Loquat Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m <br />
Small evergreen tree or large shrub. BARK Grey-buff. BRANCHES Thick, with hairy twigs. LEAVES To 25cm long, elliptical, toothed with distinct veins; leathery, glossy-green above, downy reddish-brown below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers white, to 1cm across, in branched, downy terminal spikes. Fruits rounded, yellow, fleshy, to 6cm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of China, introduced here for ornament but not hardy.
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  • Snowy Mespil Amelanchier ovalis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 5m <br />
Small deciduous tree or shrub. LEAVES To 5cm long with coarsely toothed margins and downy undersides when first open. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers in upright spikes of up to 8 white-petalled flowers; fruits blue-black fruits. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of mainland Europe eastwards; planted here occasionally.
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  • Evergreen shrub or small tree. Sometimes known as Japanese Holy. Hieight to 5m. Leaves are dark green, glossy and oval with a toothed margin. Flowers are white. Fruit is a black, berry-like drupe.
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  • Medlar Mespilus germanica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m <br />
Sometimes a small, rounded tree, or often a spreading and untidy shrub. BARK Greyish-brown, in old trees breaking into oblong plates with deep fissures. BRANCHES Young shoots are densely hairy. LEAVES To 15cm long, lanceolate to ovate with entire or sometimes very finely toothed margins and deep veins; often a yellowish-green colour and almost shiny above, with dense white hairs on the underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Solitary white flowers are up to 6cm across, with sepals longer than the petals and about 40 red anthers. The curious fruit is about 3cm long, divided into 5 carpels, with a brown russet-like skin and a sunken apex. It is edible, but not until it has started to rot, when it can be used in preserves. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the woodlands of SE Europe and Asia Minor, but has been in cultivation elsewhere for a long time. Usually found in old gardens, but is also naturalised in some woodlands.
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  • Magnolia liliflora 'nigra' Height to 4m Large shrub or small tree. BARK Grey and slightly fissured. LEAVES Oval and pointed at the tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowres, to 30cm across, comprise numerous purple tepals. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of China, sometimes grown here for its wonderful flowers.
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  • Prickly Juniper or Cade Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) HEIGHT to 14m. Spreading evergreen shrub or small untidy tree. BARK Brown, sometimes tinged with purple; peels away in vertical strips. LEAVES Sharply pointed needles arranged in whorls of 3; upper leaf surface has 2 pale bands separated by slightly raised midrib, and lower surface has pronounced midrib. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Female cones are rounded or pear-shaped, and mature to a reddish colour. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of S Europe, generally preferring dry habitats.
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  • French Hales Sorbus devoniensis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 7m <br />
A medium-sized tree, or sometimes a large hedgerow shrub. LEAVES Broadly oval and leathery with shallow-toothed, sharp lobes on distal two-thirds of leaf; dark glossy green above and white below, with 7-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are brownish orange, to 15mm long, with numerous lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Local, on neutral to slightly acid, rocky ground; the main range is Devon and E Cornwall, but it also occurs in SE Ireland. These days it is mainly a hedgerow species but it is also found in coastal woodland too.
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  • French Hales Sorbus devoniensis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 7m <br />
A medium-sized tree, or sometimes a large hedgerow shrub. LEAVES Broadly oval and leathery with shallow-toothed, sharp lobes on distal two-thirds of leaf; dark glossy green above and white below, with 7-9 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits are brownish orange, to 15mm long, with numerous lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Local, on neutral to slightly acid, rocky ground; the main range is Devon and E Cornwall, but it also occurs in SE Ireland. These days it is mainly a hedgerow species but it is also found in coastal woodland too.
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  • Photina davidii (so-called Red Robin) Height to 7m. A widely used hedging shrub. Young leaves in spring are bright red. Berries are red, yellow or whitish depending on cultivated variety.
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  • Snowbell Tree Styrax japonica (Styracaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Spreading deciduous tree or large shrub. BARK Smooth, dark greyish-brown, fissured with age. BRANCHES Mostly ascending with zigzag slender shoots and purple-tinged buds. LEAVES Elliptical to ovate, to 10cm long with narrow bases, pointed tips, and finely toothed margin; deep glossy green above, turning yellow or red in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White, lightly scented, 5-petalled flowers, to 1.5cm long, hang singly or in small clusters from branches; open in midsummer. Fruit is an egg-shaped berry, to 1.5cm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E Asia, planted here for ornament.
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