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  • Small-eyed Ray Raja microocellata Length to 75cm<br />
Well-marked ray. Found in mouths of estuaries and sandy bays. Adult has typical ray shape with rather short snout. Upper surface is grey-brown with pale lines and spots. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case. Widespread and locally common in S and W only.
    142681.jpg
  • Small-eyed Ray Raja microocellata Length to 75cm<br />
Well-marked ray. Found in mouths of estuaries and sandy bays. Adult has typical ray shape with rather short snout. Upper surface is grey-brown with pale lines and spots. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case. Widespread and locally common in S and W only.
    142677.jpg
  • Small-eyed Ray Raja microocellata Length to 75cm<br />
Well-marked ray. Found in mouths of estuaries and sandy bays. Adult has typical ray shape with rather short snout. Upper surface is grey-brown with pale lines and spots. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case. Widespread and locally common in S and W only.
    142224.jpg
  • Marbled Electric Ray Torpedo marmorata Length to 150cm<br />
Unusual ray, capable of delivering powerful shock (up to 220 volts) from organs in pectoral fins. Adult has unmistakable, rounded outline; tail is relatively short with rounded dorsal fins. Body upper surface is mottled and marbled grey-brown. Scarce, mainly in W and SW.
    142569.jpg
  • From top to bottom, left to right: Ballan Wrasse, Thornback Ray, Red Gurnard, Bull Rout, John Dory, Cod, Boarfish, Sole, Ray's Bream, Greater Pipefish, Mackerel
    143318.jpg
  • Thornback Ray Raja clavata Length to 90cm<br />
The most familiar inshore ray. Adult has a flat, roughly diamond-shaped body with a short snout. Dorsal surface of the long tail has thorny spines with swollen bases; these continue in a line along the dorsal surface of the body. Upper body surface is grey-brown with dark stripes or pale and dark spots; lower surface is pale. Tail looks banded. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case.
    142954.jpg
  • Thornback Ray Raja clavata Length to 90cm<br />
The most familiar inshore ray. Adult has a flat, roughly diamond-shaped body with a short snout. Dorsal surface of the long tail has thorny spines with swollen bases; these continue in a line along the dorsal surface of the body. Upper body surface is grey-brown with dark stripes or pale and dark spots; lower surface is pale. Tail looks banded. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case.
    142953.jpg
  • Thornback Ray Raja clavata Length to 90cm<br />
The most familiar inshore ray. Adult has flat, roughly diamond-shaped body with a short snout. Dorsal surface of long tail has thorny spines with swollen bases; these continue in a line along dorsal surface of body. Upper body surface is grey-brown with dark stripes or pale and dark spots; lower surface is pale. Tail looks banded. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case. Widespread and locally common in S and W only.
    142225.jpg
  • Spotted Ray Raja montagui Length to 75cm<br />
Similar to Thornback Ray but separable using pattern and structure. Fairly common in shallow inshore waters over sand. Adult has roughly diamond-shaped body and short, pointed snout. Upper surface is grey-brown with dark spots that do not extend to wing margins. Tail is long and does not look banded. Has spines along dorsal surface of tail and along centre of body; these lack swollen bases. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case. Widespread and locally common in S and W only.
    142226.jpg
  • Thornback Ray Raja clavata Length to 90cm<br />
The most familiar inshore ray. Adult has a flat, roughly diamond-shaped body with a short snout. Dorsal surface of the long tail has thorny spines with swollen bases; these continue in a line along the dorsal surface of the body. Upper body surface is grey-brown with dark stripes or pale and dark spots; lower surface is pale. Tail looks banded. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case.
    142970.jpg
  • Thornback Ray Raja clavata Length to 90cm<br />
The most familiar inshore ray. Adult has a flat, roughly diamond-shaped body with a short snout. Dorsal surface of the long tail has thorny spines with swollen bases; these continue in a line along the dorsal surface of the body. Upper body surface is grey-brown with dark stripes or pale and dark spots; lower surface is pale. Tail looks banded. Lays eggs, protected in a tough case.
    142969.jpg
  • Undulate Ray Raja undulata Length to 1m <br />
Outline is typical of rays. Upperside is grey-brown above with dark lines bordered by white dots. Scarce, mainly in S.
    142713.jpg
  • Ray’s Bream Brama brama Length to 70cm<br />
An unmistakable laterally-compressed, deep-bodied fish. The head and eyes are proportionately very large. Overall, the fish is silvery-metallic in appearance, with a maroon/bronze sheen to the dorsal surface. This warm water species follows the Gulf Stream north in summer, retreating south in autumn; those that head south into the North Sea invariably end up dying and can be found on the north Norfolk coast in early winter.
    142742.jpg
  • Spotted Ray Raja montagui egg case length to 8cm<br />
Capsule long and slender; has four horns of similar length, one pair curled in at tip, the other pair curled upwards.
    142675.jpg
  • Small-eyed Ray Raja microocellata egg case length to 9cm<br />
Narrow, stongly curved capsule; has one very convex surface. Capsule narrows towards base of shortest pair of horns.
    142674.jpg
  • Undulate Ray Raja undulata egg case length to 9cm<br />
Long smooth-surfaced capsule; has one long pair of horns with curled tips and one shorter pair that curl up like a bob-sleigh.
    142079.jpg
  • Spotted Ray Raja montagui egg case length to 8cm<br />
Capsule long and slender; has four horns of similar length, one pair curled in at tip, the other pair curled upwards.
    142078.jpg
  • Blonde Ray Raja brachyura egg case Length to 14cm<br />
Capsule longer than broad with one flat and one convex side. Has one pair of horns almost as long as capsule and one pair much shorter and curved; these are often damaged.
    142076.jpg
  • Thornback Ray Raja clavata egg case Length to 9cm<br />
Capsule square and plump; has horns of equal length, up to half length of capsule.
    142077.jpg
  • Common Stingray Dasyatis pastinaca Length to 120cm<br />
Fairly distinctive ray, renowned for ability to inflict painful wound. Favours estuary mouths and shores with muddy sand. Adult has shield-shaped body outline with a long, tapering tail, armed dorsally with a single ‘stinging’ spine. Upper surface of body is uniformly yellowish-grey. Gives birth to live young. Generally scarce, mainly in S.
    142571.jpg
  • BLUE FLEABANE Erigeron acer (Asteraceae) Height to 30cm<br />
Roughly hairy annual or biennial; stems are stiff and tinged reddish. Grows in dry, grassy places and on coastal shingle and dunes. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 12-18mm across, the bluish purple ray florets mainly concealing the yellow disc florets; in clusters (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are spoon-shaped and stalked at base of plant; narrow and unstalked on stem. STATUS-Widespread only in England and Wales.
    131919.jpg
  • BLUE FLEABANE Erigeron acer (Asteraceae) Height to 30cm<br />
Roughly hairy annual or biennial; stems are stiff and tinged reddish. Grows in dry, grassy places and on coastal shingle and dunes. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 12-18mm across, the bluish purple ray florets mainly concealing the yellow disc florets; in clusters (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are spoon-shaped and stalked at base of plant; narrow and unstalked on stem. STATUS-Widespread only in England and Wales.
    131920.jpg
  • COMMON FLEABANE Pulicaria dysenterica (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Creeping perennial with upright, branched and woolly flowering stems. Grows in damp meadows and ditches on heavy soils. FLOWERS in heads, 15-30mm across, with spreading yellow ray florets and deeper yellow, central disc florets; arranged in open clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes with a hairy pappus. LEAVES are heart-shaped and clasping on the stem; basal leaves soon wither. STATUS-Common, except in Scotland.
    131858.jpg
  • WALL LETTUCE Mycelis muralis (Asteraceae) Height to 1m<br />
Upright and hairless perennial. Stems are often purple tinged and exude a milky sap when broken. Grows on shady banks and wall, usually on chalky soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 7-10mm across, with 5 yellow ray florets; heads are carried in open clusters (Jun-Sep). FRUITS have unbranched hairs. LEAVES are pinnate, the end lobe triangular; upper leaves are clasping. STATUS-Widespread but only locally common.
    131730.jpg
  • Munk's Mobula Ray - Mobula munkiana
    163791.jpg
  • Blonde Ray - Raja brachyura - egg case
    160020.jpg
  • Boulter's Lock and Ray Mill Island on the River Thames in Maidenhead, Berkshire, Uk
    154836.jpg
  • Boulter's Lock and Ray Mill Island on the River Thames in Maidenhead, Berkshire, Uk
    154837.jpg
  • Boulter's Lock and Ray Mill Island on the River Thames in Maidenhead, Berkshire, Uk
    154838.jpg
  • Boulter's Lock and Ray Mill Island on the River Thames in Maidenhead, Berkshire, Uk
    154839.jpg
  • SMALL FLEABANE Pulicaria vulgaris (Height to 40cm) recalls Common Fleabane but it is more branched and has much smaller flower heads, 1cm across, with short ray florets (Aug-Oct). It grows around the trampled and grazed margins of pools in the New Forest, its best location in our region.
    131895.jpg
  • ALPINE FLEABANE Erigeron borealis (Height to 25cm) has a basal rosette of hairy, lanceolate leaves and upright stems that carry solitary heads comprising pinkish lilac ray florets and yellowish disc florets, 2cm across (Jul-Aug). It is a rare plant of the E Highlands.
    131761.jpg
  • SNEEZEWORT Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm<br />
Upright and branched or unbranched perennial with stiff, angular stems, the upper parts of which are downy. Grows in damp situations in meadows, and woodland rides and clearings, almost always on acid soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 1-2cm across, comprising greenish yellow disc florets and white ray florets; heads are carried in open clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow, undivided, untoothed and stalkless. STATUS-Locally common throughout the region.
    131641.jpg
  • Blonde Ray - Raja brachyura - egg case
    160019.jpg
  • Rayed Earthstar - Geastrum quadrifidum
    132252.jpg
  • Common Fleabane - Pulicaria dysenterica
    159396.jpg
  • Dawn over Rooksbury Mill, Andover, Hampshire
    163320.jpg
  • Dawn over Rooksbury Mill, Andover, Hampshire
    163321.jpg
  • Blue Fleabane - Erigeron acer
    161467.jpg
  • Common Fleabane - Pulicaria dysenterica
    161352.jpg
  • Blue Fleabane - Erigeron acer
    161221.jpg
  • Blue Fleabane - Erigeron acer
    161220.jpg
  • Small Fleabane - Pulicaria vulgaris
    161415.jpg
  • Small Fleabane - Pulicaria vulgari
    161414.jpg
  • FEVERFEW Tanacetum parthenium (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Upright, much-branched and downy perennial that is strongly aromatic. Grows in disturbed ground, and on verges, waysides and old walls. FLOWERS are borne in daisy-like heads, 1-2cm across, that comprise yellow disc and white ray florets; in loose clusters (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are yellowish green and pinnately divided; lower leaves stalked, upper ones unstalked. STATUS-Introduced as a garden plant and widely naturalised, often in the vicinity of habitation.
    131882.jpg
  • Ray’s Bream Brama brama Length to 70cm<br />
An unmistakable laterally-compressed, deep-bodied fish. The head and eyes are proportionately very large. Overall, the fish is silvery-metallic in appearance, with a maroon/bronze sheen to the dorsal surface. This warm water species follows the Gulf Stream north in summer, retreating south in autumn; those that head south into the North Sea invariably end up dying and can be found on the north Norfolk coast in early winter.
    142973.jpg
  • RAY’S KNOTGRASS Polygonum oxyspermum (Polygonaceae) Prostrate. Mat-forming annual of undisturbed coastal sand and shingle beaches. FLOWERS are pinkish white and arise in leaf axils (Aug-Sep). FRUITS are nut-like and protrude beyond the withering flower. LEAVES are oval, leathery and alternate, sometimes with slightly inrolled margins. STATUS-Local and commonest in W.
    131968.jpg
  • YARROW Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae) on Lundy Island, Devon. Height to 50cm. Upright, downy perennial with creeping stems and upright, unbranched and furrowed flowering stalks. The whole plant is strongly aromatic. Grows in meadows, verges and hedgerows, and on waste ground. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 4-6mm across, comprising yellowish disc florets and pinkish white ray florets; the heads are arranged in flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green, finely divided and feathery. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
    156569.jpg
  • DAISY Bellis perennis (Asteraceae) Height less than 10cm<br />
Familiar, downy perennial found growing in lawns and other areas of short grass. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 15-25mm across, on slender stems; they comprise yellow disc florets and white (often faintly crimson-tipped) ray florets (Mar-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are spoon-shaped and form prostrate rosettes from which flower stalks arise.
    156340.jpg
  • Five-bearded Rockling Ciliata mustela Length to 30cm<br />
Elongate, rather cylindrical fish. Found in pools and under rocks on lower shore; adept at slithering into crevices to escape capture. Adult is overall brown above, paler below. 1st dorsal fin has long ray at front; 2nd dorsal fin contuse almost to tail. Head has 5 barbels. Widespread and fairly common, except in N.
    142961.jpg
  • SCENTLESS MAYWEED Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae) Height to 75cm. Scentless, hairless and often rather straggly perennial of disturbed and cultivated ground. FLOWERS are borne in clusters of solitary, long-stalked heads, 20-40mm across, comprising yellow disc florets and white ray florets (Apr-Oct). No scales between disc florets. Receptacle is domed and solid. FRUITS are achenes tipped with black oil glands. LEAVES are feathery and much-divided. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    141593.jpg
  • FIELD FLEAWORT Tephroseris integrifolia (Asteraceae) Height to 65cm. Slender, unbranched and downy perennial. Grows in calcareous grassland. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 15-25mm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; in few-flowered clusters (May-Jul). FRUITS are hairy. LEAVES are oval and toothed at the base, forming a rosette; stem leaves are few, narrow and clasping. STATUS-Local, mainly in S and E England.
    134168.jpg
  • CORN MARIGOLD Chrysanthemum segetum (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Attractive, hairless and upright annual that grows in arable fields and cultivated ground, usually on acid, sandy soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 3-6cm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary (Jun-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow, deeply lobed or toothed, and slightly fleshy; upper leaves clasp the stem. STATUS-Possibly introduced to the region but now widespread, although range and abundance is decreasing.
    133662.jpg
  • Michelmas Daisy Aster novi-belgii (Asteraceae) H to 75cm<br />
Attractive, branched, perennial. Grown in gardens and occasionally naturalised. FLOWERS comprise umbel-like clusters of flower heads, each of which consists of orange-yellow disc florets and bluish-lilac ray florets, and is 1-2cm across (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow-oval, with a prominent midrib. STATUS-Occasional.
    132207.jpg
  • SEA ASTER Aster tripolium (Asteraceae) Height to 75cm<br />
Attractive, branched, hairless and salt-tolerant perennial that grows in saltmarshes and on sea cliffs. FLOWERS comprise umbel-like clusters of flower heads, each of which consists of yellow disc florets and bluish lilac ray florets, and is 1-2cm across (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are fleshy and narrow, with a prominent midrib. STATUS-Locally common around the coasts of Britain and Ireland.
    132086.jpg
  • COMMON FLEABANE Pulicaria dysenterica (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Creeping perennial with upright, branched and woolly flowering stems. Grows in damp meadows and ditches on heavy soils. FLOWERS in heads, 15-30mm across, with spreading yellow ray florets and deeper yellow, central disc florets; arranged in open clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes with a hairy pappus. LEAVES are heart-shaped and clasping on the stem; basal leaves soon wither. STATUS-Common, except in Scotland.
    131861.jpg
  • HEATH GROUNDSEL Senecio sylvaticus (Asteraceae) Height to 70cm. Similar to Groundsel but taller and more robust. Grows on disturbed, sandy soils on heaths and in woodlands. FLOWERS comprise stickily hairy, conical heads, 10mm long, of yellow discs floret, recurved ray florets and bracts that are not black-tipped; heads are carried in open clusters (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are hairy. LEAVES are deeply pinnately divided. STATUS-Locally common throughout the region.
    131777.jpg
  • WALL LETTUCE Mycelis muralis (Asteraceae) Height to 1m<br />
Upright and hairless perennial. Stems are often purple tinged and exude a milky sap when broken. Grows on shady banks and wall, usually on chalky soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 7-10mm across, with 5 yellow ray florets; heads are carried in open clusters (Jun-Sep). FRUITS have unbranched hairs. LEAVES are pinnate, the end lobe triangular; upper leaves are clasping. STATUS-Widespread but only locally common.
    131695.jpg
  • COMMON RAGWORT Senecio jacobaea (Asteraceae) Height to 1m. Hairless and poisonous biennial or short-lived perennial. Grows in grassland; thrives in grazed areas (animals avoid eating living plant). FLOWERS are yellow and borne in heads, 15-25mm across; these are carried in dense, flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS of disc florets are downy; ray floret fruits hairless. LEAVES are pinnate with a blunt end lobe. Foodplant of Cinnabar Moth larvae. STATUS-Common and widespread.
    131581.jpg
  • SCENTLESS MAYWEED Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae) Height to 75cm. Scentless, hairless and often rather straggly perennial of disturbed and cultivated ground. FLOWERS are borne in clusters of solitary, long-stalked heads, 20-40mm across, comprising yellow disc florets and white ray florets (Apr-Oct). No scales between disc florets. Receptacle is domed and solid. FRUITS are achenes tipped with black oil glands. LEAVES are feathery and much-divided. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    131414.jpg
  • SNEEZEWORT Achillea ptarmica (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm<br />
Upright and branched or unbranched perennial with stiff, angular stems, the upper parts of which are downy. Grows in damp situations in meadows, and woodland rides and clearings, almost always on acid soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 1-2cm across, comprising greenish yellow disc florets and white ray florets; heads are carried in open clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow, undivided, untoothed and stalkless. STATUS-Locally common throughout the region.
    130044.jpg
  • COMMON RAGWORT Senecio jacobaea (Asteraceae) Height to 1m. Hairless and poisonous biennial or short-lived perennial. Grows in grassland; thrives in grazed areas (animals avoid eating living plant). FLOWERS are yellow and borne in heads, 15-25mm across; these are carried in dense, flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS of disc florets are downy; ray floret fruits hairless. LEAVES are pinnate with a blunt end lobe. Foodplant of Cinnabar Moth larvae. STATUS-Common and widespread.
    129917.jpg
  • OXEYE DAISY Leucanthemum vulgare (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Downy or hairless perennial of dry, grassy meadows and verges, often on disturbed ground. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 30-50mm across, with yellow disc florets and white ray florets (May-Sep). No scales between disc florets. FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green and toothed; lower leaves are spoon-shaped, stalked and form a rosette, stem leaves are pinnately lobed. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    129914.jpg
  • LEOPARD’S-BANE Doronicum pardalianches (Asteraceae) Height to 70cm. Upright and downy or hairy perennial that grows on roadside verges, and in woodland rides. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 3-5cm across, comprising orange-yellow disc florets and bright yellow ray florets; carried in branched inflorescences of 2-5 heads (May-Jun). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are heart-shaped, toothed and stalked at the base of the plant; stem leaves are increasingly unstalked up the plant. STATUS-Introduced as a garden plant, and naturalised locally across the region.
    129904.jpg
  • CORN CHAMOMILE Anthemis arvensis (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Pleasantly aromatic annual with downy stems. Grows on cultivated, calcareous ground. FLOWERS in solitary heads with yellow disc florets and white ray florets (Jun-Jul). Scales present between disc florets. FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES much-divided; lobes broader than in other mayweeds, and downy below. STATUS-Locally common in S only.
    129794.jpg
  • YARROW Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm<br />
Upright, downy perennial with creeping stems and upright, unbranched and furrowed flowering stalks. The whole plant is strongly aromatic. Grows in meadows, verges and hedgerows, and on waste ground. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 4-6mm across, comprising yellowish disc florets and pinkish white ray florets; the heads are arranged in flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green, finely divided and feathery. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
    144620.jpg
  • OXEYE DAISY Leucanthemum vulgare (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Downy or hairless perennial of dry, grassy meadows and verges, often on disturbed ground. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 30-50mm across, with yellow disc florets and white ray florets (May-Sep). No scales between disc florets. FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green and toothed; lower leaves are spoon-shaped, stalked and form a rosette, stem leaves are pinnately lobed. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    145062.jpg
  • Oxeye Daisy - Leucanthemum vulgare (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Downy or hairless perennial of dry, grassy meadows and verges, often on disturbed ground. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 30-50mm across, with yellow disc florets and white ray florets (May-Sep). No scales between disc florets. FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green and toothed; lower leaves are spoon-shaped, stalked and form a rosette, stem leaves are pinnately lobed. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    156824.jpg
  • Oxeye Daisy - Leucanthemum vulgare (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Downy or hairless perennial of dry, grassy meadows and verges, often on disturbed ground. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 30-50mm across, with yellow disc florets and white ray florets (May-Sep). No scales between disc florets. FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green and toothed; lower leaves are spoon-shaped, stalked and form a rosette, stem leaves are pinnately lobed. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    156825.jpg
  • YARROW Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae) on Lundy Island, Devon. Height to 50cm. Upright, downy perennial with creeping stems and upright, unbranched and furrowed flowering stalks. The whole plant is strongly aromatic. Grows in meadows, verges and hedgerows, and on waste ground. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 4-6mm across, comprising yellowish disc florets and pinkish white ray florets; the heads are arranged in flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green, finely divided and feathery. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
    156570.jpg
  • DAISY Bellis perennis (Asteraceae) Height less than 10cm<br />
Familiar, downy perennial found growing in lawns and other areas of short grass. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 15-25mm across, on slender stems; they comprise yellow disc florets and white (often faintly crimson-tipped) ray florets (Mar-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are spoon-shaped and form prostrate rosettes from which flower stalks arise.
    156590.jpg
  • Yarrow - Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm<br />
Upright, downy perennial with creeping stems and upright, unbranched and furrowed flowering stalks. The whole plant is strongly aromatic. Grows in meadows, verges and hedgerows, and on waste ground. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 4-6mm across, comprising yellowish disc florets and pinkish white ray florets; the heads are arranged in flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green, finely divided and feathery.
    156546.jpg
  • Yarrow - Achillea millefolium (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm<br />
Upright, downy perennial with creeping stems and upright, unbranched and furrowed flowering stalks. The whole plant is strongly aromatic. Grows in meadows, verges and hedgerows, and on waste ground. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 4-6mm across, comprising yellowish disc florets and pinkish white ray florets; the heads are arranged in flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are dark green, finely divided and feathery.
    156545.jpg
  • GOLDEN SAMPHIRE Inula crithmoides (Asteraceae) Height less than 75cm. Attractive, tufted and upright perennial that grows on saltmarshes, coastal shingle and sea cliffs. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 15-30mm across with spreading, yellow ray florets and orange-yellow central disc florets; arranged in terminal clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are bright green, narrow and fleshy.
    155675.jpg
  • GOLDEN SAMPHIRE Inula crithmoides (Asteraceae) Height less than 75cm. Attractive, tufted and upright perennial that grows on saltmarshes, coastal shingle and sea cliffs. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 15-30mm across with spreading, yellow ray florets and orange-yellow central disc florets; arranged in terminal clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are bright green, narrow and fleshy.
    155676.jpg
  • COMMON RAGWORT Senecio jacobaea (Asteraceae) - on the cliffs of Lundy. Height to 1m. Hairless and poisonous biennial or short-lived perennial. Grows in grassland; thrives in grazed areas (animals avoid eating living plant). FLOWERS are yellow and borne in heads, 15-25mm across; these are carried in dense, flat-topped clusters (Jun-Nov). FRUITS of disc florets are downy; ray floret fruits hairless. LEAVES are pinnate with a blunt end lobe. Foodplant of Cinnabar Moth larvae. STATUS-Common and widespread
    155429.jpg
  • Pineapple-weed - Matricaria discoidea. Bright green, hairless perennial that smells strongly of pineapple when crushed. Grows on disturbed ground, paths and tracks. FLOWERS comprise yellowish green disc florets only (no ray florets) and these are borne in rounded to conical heads, 8-12mm long, the receptacles of which are hollow (May-Nov). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are finely divided and feathery.
    155393.jpg
  • Pineapple-weed - Matricaria discoidea. Bright green, hairless perennial that smells strongly of pineapple when crushed. Grows on disturbed ground, paths and tracks. FLOWERS comprise yellowish green disc florets only (no ray florets) and these are borne in rounded to conical heads, 8-12mm long, the receptacles of which are hollow (May-Nov). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are finely divided and feathery.
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  • DAISY Bellis perennis (Asteraceae) Height to 10cm. Familiar, downy perennial found growing in lawns and other areas of short grass. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 15-25mm across, on slender stems; they comprise yellow disc florets and white (often faintly crimson-tipped) ray florets (Mar-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are spoon-shaped and form prostrate rosettes from which flower stalks arise. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
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  • DAISY Bellis perennis (Asteraceae) Height to 10cm. Familiar, downy perennial found growing in lawns and other areas of short grass. FLOWERS are borne in solitary heads, 15-25mm across, on slender stems; they comprise yellow disc florets and white (often faintly crimson-tipped) ray florets (Mar-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are spoon-shaped and form prostrate rosettes from which flower stalks arise. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
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  • COLT’S-FOOT Tussilago farfara (Asteraceae) Height to 15cm<br />
Creeping perennial with runners and upright flowering stalks that are leafless, purplish and woolly, with overlapping, fleshy bracts. Grows in bare and disturbed ground, particularly on clay. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 15-35mm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary and terminal (Feb-Apr). FRUITS comprise a ‘clock’ of hairy seeds. LEAVES are rounded, heart-shaped and 10-20cm across, appearing after flowering. STATUS-Widespread and common.
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  • Solenette Buglossidium luteum Length to 12cm<br />
Usually an offshore species, sometimes found at very low tides, but in S Britain only. Compared to Sole, upper pectoral fin lacks a black spot, blind side pectoral fin is vestigial (fully formed in Sole), and black line marks are seen every 5th or 6th ray of the dorsal and anal fins (those which fringe body).
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  • Five-bearded Rockling Ciliata mustela Length to 30cm<br />
Elongate, rather cylindrical fish. Found in pools and under rocks on lower shore; adept at slithering into crevices to escape capture. Adult is overall brown above, paler below. 1st dorsal fin has long ray at front; 2nd dorsal fin contuse almost to tail. Head has 5 barbels. Widespread and fairly common, except in N.
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  • SCENTED MAYWEED Matricaria recutita (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Similar to Scentless Mayweed but scented and aromatic. Grows on disturbed ground. FLOWERS are borne in clusters of solitary, long-stalked heads, 20-30mm across, with yellow disc florets and white ray florets (Jun-Aug). No scales between disc florets. Receptacle is hollow and conical. FRUITS are achenes without black oil glands. LEAVES are feathery and much-divided. STATUS-Widespread and common only in the S.
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  • COLT’S-FOOT Tussilago farfara (Asteraceae) Height to 15cm<br />
Creeping perennial with runners and upright flowering stalks that are leafless, purplish and woolly, with overlapping, fleshy bracts. Grows in bare and disturbed ground, particularly on clay. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 15-35mm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary and terminal (Feb-Apr). FRUITS comprise a ‘clock’ of hairy seeds. LEAVES are rounded, heart-shaped and 10-20cm across, appearing after flowering. STATUS-Widespread and common.
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  • COLT’S-FOOT Tussilago farfara (Asteraceae) Height to 15cm<br />
Creeping perennial with runners and upright flowering stalks that are leafless, purplish and woolly, with overlapping, fleshy bracts. Grows in bare and disturbed ground, particularly on clay. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 15-35mm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary and terminal (Feb-Apr). FRUITS comprise a ‘clock’ of hairy seeds. LEAVES are rounded, heart-shaped and 10-20cm across, appearing after flowering. STATUS-Widespread and common.
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  • CORN MARIGOLD Chrysanthemum segetum (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Attractive, hairless and upright annual that grows in arable fields and cultivated ground, usually on acid, sandy soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 3-6cm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary (Jun-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow, deeply lobed or toothed, and slightly fleshy; upper leaves clasp the stem. STATUS-Possibly introduced to the region but now widespread, although range and abundance is decreasing.
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  • CORN MARIGOLD Chrysanthemum segetum (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Attractive, hairless and upright annual that grows in arable fields and cultivated ground, usually on acid, sandy soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 3-6cm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary (Jun-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow, deeply lobed or toothed, and slightly fleshy; upper leaves clasp the stem. STATUS-Possibly introduced to the region but now widespread, although range and abundance is decreasing.
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  • CORN MARIGOLD Chrysanthemum segetum (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Attractive, hairless and upright annual that grows in arable fields and cultivated ground, usually on acid, sandy soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 3-6cm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary (Jun-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow, deeply lobed or toothed, and slightly fleshy; upper leaves clasp the stem. STATUS-Possibly introduced to the region but now widespread, although range and abundance is decreasing.
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  • CORN MARIGOLD Chrysanthemum segetum (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Attractive, hairless and upright annual that grows in arable fields and cultivated ground, usually on acid, sandy soils. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 3-6cm across, with orange-yellow disc florets and yellow ray florets; heads are solitary (Jun-Oct). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are narrow, deeply lobed or toothed, and slightly fleshy; upper leaves clasp the stem. STATUS-Possibly introduced to the region but now widespread, although range and abundance is decreasing.
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  • BLUE FLEABANE Erigeron acer (Asteraceae) Height to 30cm<br />
Roughly hairy annual or biennial; stems are stiff and tinged reddish. Grows in dry, grassy places and on coastal shingle and dunes. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 12-18mm across, the bluish purple ray florets mainly concealing the yellow disc florets; in clusters (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are spoon-shaped and stalked at base of plant; narrow and unstalked on stem. STATUS-Widespread only in England and Wales.
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  • SCENTED MAYWEED Matricaria recutita (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Similar to Scentless Mayweed but scented and aromatic. Grows on disturbed ground. FLOWERS are borne in clusters of solitary, long-stalked heads, 20-30mm across, with yellow disc florets and white ray florets (Jun-Aug). No scales between disc florets. Receptacle is hollow and conical. FRUITS are achenes without black oil glands. LEAVES are feathery and much-divided. STATUS-Widespread and common only in the S.
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  • GOLDENROD Solidago virgaurea (Asteraceae) Height to 75cm. Upright but variable perennial that is sometimes slightly downy. Grows in woods and grassland, and on rocky banks, and is tolerant of a wide range of soil types. FLOWERS are yellow; individual heads are 5-10mm across and comprise ray and disc florets, and are borne in branched spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are 1-seeded with pappus hairs. LEAVES are stalked and spoon-shaped at the base of the plant, while the stems leaves are narrow and unstalked. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout the region.
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  • GOLDENROD Solidago virgaurea (Asteraceae) Height to 75cm. Upright but variable perennial that is sometimes slightly downy. Grows in woods and grassland, and on rocky banks, and is tolerant of a wide range of soil types. FLOWERS are yellow; individual heads are 5-10mm across and comprise ray and disc florets, and are borne in branched spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are 1-seeded with pappus hairs. LEAVES are stalked and spoon-shaped at the base of the plant, while the stems leaves are narrow and unstalked. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout the region.
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  • SEA KNOTGRASS Polygonum maritimum (Prostrate) is similar to Ray’s Knotgrass but perennial and woody at the base. The leaves are grey-green and rolled-under at the margins. The flowers are pinkish and arise in the leaf axils and the fruits are nut-like and protrude well beyond the perianth (Jul-Sep). The species grows on sand and shingle beaches and is sometimes discovered on the coasts of S Ireland too.
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  • SEA ASTER Aster tripolium (Asteraceae) Height to 75cm<br />
Attractive, branched, hairless and salt-tolerant perennial that grows in saltmarshes and on sea cliffs. FLOWERS comprise umbel-like clusters of flower heads, each of which consists of yellow disc florets and bluish lilac ray florets, and is 1-2cm across (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are fleshy and narrow, with a prominent midrib. STATUS-Locally common around the coasts of Britain and Ireland.
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  • TRIFID BUR-MARIGOLD Bidens tripartita (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Branched, almost hairless annual with reddish stems. Grows in damp ground and shallow water. FLOWERS in heads, 10-25mm across, with yellow disc florets (no ray florets) and 5-8 leaf-like bracts below (Jul-Oct). FRUITS are oblong and flattened with 1 barbed bristle. LEAVES are stalked and 3-lobed. STATUS-Locally common only in S.
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  • TRIFID BUR-MARIGOLD Bidens tripartita (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Branched, almost hairless annual with reddish stems. Grows in damp ground and shallow water. FLOWERS in heads, 10-25mm across, with yellow disc florets (no ray florets) and 5-8 leaf-like bracts below (Jul-Oct). FRUITS are oblong and flattened with 1 barbed bristle. LEAVES are stalked and 3-lobed. STATUS-Locally common only in S.
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  • FEVERFEW Tanacetum parthenium (Asteraceae) Height to 50cm. Upright, much-branched and downy perennial that is strongly aromatic. Grows in disturbed ground, and on verges, waysides and old walls. FLOWERS are borne in daisy-like heads, 1-2cm across, that comprise yellow disc and white ray florets; in loose clusters (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are achenes. LEAVES are yellowish green and pinnately divided; lower leaves stalked, upper ones unstalked. STATUS-Introduced as a garden plant and widely naturalised, often in the vicinity of habitation.
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  • STICKY GROUNDSEL Senecio viscosus (Asteraceae) Height to 60cm. Recalls Heath Groundsel but whole plant is stickily hairy and pungent. Grows in dry, bare places, often coastal. FLOWERS comprise conical heads, 12mm long, of yellow disc florets, recurved ray florets and bracts that are not black-tipped; in open clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are hairless. LEAVES are pinnately divided. STATUS-Locally common.
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