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  • Grey Pine Carpet Thera obeliscata Wingspan 30-34mm. A variable moth that holds its wings flat at rest. Adult has forewings whose background colour varies from orange-buff to dull grey-brown. All have a dark central band that broadens at leading edge of wing. Pine Carpet T. firmata is similar but dark band on forewing is more indented. Larva feeds on pines and spruces. Widespread and common wherever larval foodplant trees are grown.
    140591.jpg
  • Grey Pine Carpet Thera obeliscata Wingspan 30-34mm. A variable moth that holds its wings flat at rest. Adult has forewings whose background colour varies from orange-buff to dull grey-brown. All have a dark central band that broadens at leading edge of wing. Pine Carpet T. firmata is similar but dark band on forewing is more indented. Larva feeds on pines and spruces. Widespread and common wherever larval foodplant trees are grown.
    140526.jpg
  • Grey Pine Carpet Thera obeliscata Wingspan 30-34mm. A variable moth that holds its wings flat at rest. Adult has forewings whose background colour varies from orange-buff to dull grey-brown. All have a dark central band that broadens at leading edge of wing. Pine Carpet T. firmata is similar but dark band on forewing is more indented. Larva feeds on pines and spruces. Widespread and common wherever larval foodplant trees are grown.
    140525.jpg
  • Grey Pine Carpet Thera obeliscata Wingspan 30-34mm. A variable moth that holds its wings flat at rest. Adult has forewings whose background colour varies from orange-buff to dull grey-brown. All have a dark central band that broadens at leading edge of wing. Pine Carpet T. firmata is similar but dark band on forewing is more indented. Larva feeds on pines and spruces. Widespread and common wherever larval foodplant trees are grown.
    140515.jpg
  • Grey Pine Carpet Thera obeliscata Wingspan 30-34mm. A variable moth that holds its wings flat at rest. Adult has forewings whose background colour varies from orange-buff to dull grey-brown. All have a dark central band that broadens at leading edge of wing. Pine Carpet T. firmata is similar but dark band on forewing is more indented. Larva feeds on pines and spruces. Widespread and common wherever larval foodplant trees are grown.
    140672.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest comprising Scots Pine, with an understorey of Bilberry and Heather. Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 36m. A conical evergreen when young and growing vigorously, but becoming much more open, and flat-topped with a long bole when an older tree. BARK Reddish- or grey-brown low down on the trunk, but markedly red or orange higher up the trunk in mature trees. The lower trunk is scaly, and higher up it becomes more papery. BRANCHES Irregular, with broken-off stumps of old branches remaining on the trunk lower down. LEAVES Needles, borne in bunches of 2, grey-green or blue-green, up to 7cm long, usually twisted with a short point at the tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers are yellow and borne in clusters at the ends of the previous year’s shoots, shedding pollen in late spring. Female flowers grow at the tips of new shoots; they are usually solitary, and are crimson at first, ripening to brown by the end of the summer and persisting through the winter. In the second summer they enlarge and become green and bluntly conical, ripening to grey-brown in the autumn; they do not open their scales and shed seeds until the following spring. Each cone scale has a blunt projection in the centre. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A tree native to Scotland, and originally much of Britain, as well as a wide swathe of Europe from Spain to Siberia and Turkey.
    127550.jpg
  • Mature Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima , Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161967.jpg
  • Scots Pine - Pinus sylvestris, Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161969.jpg
  • Mature Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima , Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161968.jpg
  • Scots Pine - Pinus sylvestris, Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161966.jpg
  • Scottish Crossbill Loxia scotica L 15-17cm. Very similar to Common Crossbill and extreme caution is needed with identification. Scottish has more robust and stout bill than Common, suited to extracting seeds from Scots Pine cones. Sexes are dissimilar. Adult male is mainly red with brownish wings. Adult female is mainly greenish with brownish wings. Immature birds are similar to adults of respective sexes but duller. Juvenile is grey-brown and streaked. Voice Utters a sharp kip-kip-kip flight call, deeper than that of Common. Status Found nowhere else in world other than native Scots Pine forests in Scotland.
    127411.jpg
  • Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra ssp. maritima, Stoke Woods, Bicester, Oxfordshire owned by the Woodland Trust
    162418.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest reflected in the still water of Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park,  Scottish Highlands, Uk
    145518.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145546.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145547.jpg
  • Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra, Stoke Woods, Bicester, Oxfordshire owned by the Woodland Trust
    162434.jpg
  • Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra ssp. maritima, Stoke Woods, Bicester, Oxfordshire owned by the Woodland Trust
    162419.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest reflected in the still water of Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park,  Scottish Highlands, Uk
    145519.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145545.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145548.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145550.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145552.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145551.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145553.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145554.jpg
  • Caledonian Pine Forest at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145555.jpg
  • Shore of Loch Garten looking towards the Cairngorm Mountains, Scottish Highlands, Uk
    145517.jpg
  • Panoramic view of reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145570.jpg
  • Mixed autumn woodland canopy, Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161965.jpg
  • Mixed autumn woodland canopy, Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161964.jpg
  • Norway Spruce - Picea abies, Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire
    161934.jpg
  • Norway Spruce - Picea abies, Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire
    161933.jpg
  • Parrot Crossbill - Loxia pytyopsittacus
    155749.jpg
  • Cairngorm Mountains and Abernethy Forest reflected in the surface of Lock Garten near Boat of Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    154484.jpg
  • Parrot Crossbill - Loxia pytyopsittacus
    121195.jpg
  • Forest reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145539.jpg
  • Forest reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145542.jpg
  • Forest reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145541.jpg
  • Forest reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145543.jpg
  • Forest reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145544.jpg
  • Sunlight through autumn leaves on Silver Birch at Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Loch Garten, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145549.jpg
  • Panoramic view of reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145571.jpg
  • Forest reflections on Loch Garten, Abernethy Forest National Nature Reserve, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland, Uk
    145540.jpg
  • Pine Hawk-moth Hyloicus pinastri Wingspan 80mm. An extremely well-camouflaged moth when resting on the bark of pine trees.  Adult has grey-brown forewings marked with darker streaks and stippled with dark spot. The hindwings are flushed buffish but are only occasionally exposed if the moth is alarmed. Flies June–July. Larva is green with lengthways pale stripes and a dark ‘horn’ at the tail end. Larva feeds on Scots Pine needles. Locally common only in southern England.
    144981.jpg
  • Pine Hawk-moth Hyloicus pinastri Wingspan 80mm. An extremely well-camouflaged moth when resting on the bark of pine trees.  Adult has grey-brown forewings marked with darker streaks and stippled with dark spot. The hindwings are flushed buffish but are only occasionally exposed if the moth is alarmed. Flies June–July. Larva is green with lengthways pale stripes and a dark ‘horn’ at the tail end. Larva feeds on Scots Pine needles. Locally common only in southern England.
    144979.jpg
  • Pine Hawk-moth Hyloicus pinastri Wingspan 80mm. An extremely well-camouflaged moth when resting on the bark of pine trees.  Adult has grey-brown forewings marked with darker streaks and stippled with dark spot. The hindwings are flushed buffish but are only occasionally exposed if the moth is alarmed. Flies June–July. Larva is green with lengthways pale stripes and a dark ‘horn’ at the tail end. Larva feeds on Scots Pine needles. Locally common only in southern England.
    118615.jpg
  • Pine Hawk-moth Hyloicus pinastri Wingspan 80mm. An extremely well-camouflaged moth when resting on the bark of pine trees.  Adult has grey-brown forewings marked with darker streaks and stippled with dark spot. The hindwings are flushed buffish but are only occasionally exposed if the moth is alarmed. Flies June–July. Larva is green with lengthways pale stripes and a dark ‘horn’ at the tail end. Larva feeds on Scots Pine needles. Locally common only in southern England.
    115822.jpg
  • Ponderosa Pine (Western Yellow Pine) Pinus ponderosa (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 40m (50m). Large, slender, conical pine with a sturdy, straight bole. BARK Scaly pinkish-brown. LEAVES Needles, to 30cm long, narrow (3mm) and stiffly curved with finely toothed edges and a sharp, pointed tip; clustered densely on shoots and persist for 3 years. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones are ovoid, up to 15cm long and 5cm across, on short stalks or directly on twigs, sometimes leaving a few scales behind when they fall; solitary or in small clusters. Cone scales are oblong with swollen, exposed, ridged tips hiding 5cm-long, oval, winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native to W USA, planted here mostly for ornament.
    134977.jpg
  • pine cone of Scots Pine nibbled by Red Squirrel
    128342.jpg
  • pine cone of Scots Pine nibbled by Red Squirrel
    128342.jpg
  • Crested Tit Parus cristatus L 11-12cm. Easily recognised by its conspicuous crest. Sexes are similar. Adult has striking black-and-white barred crest. Note black line through eye and bordering ear coverts on otherwise mainly whitish head. Black throat and collar demarcate head. Upperparts are otherwise brown and underparts are buffish white. Bill is narrow and warbler-like. Juvenile is similar but duller. Voice Utters a high trilling call. Song is rapid series of call-like notes and whistles. Status Very local resident, restricted to ancient Caledonian pine forests and mature Scots pine plantations in Scottish Highlands.
    116348.jpg
  • Crested Tit Parus cristatus L 11-12cm. Easily recognised by its conspicuous crest. Sexes are similar. Adult has striking black-and-white barred crest. Note black line through eye and bordering ear coverts on otherwise mainly whitish head. Black throat and collar demarcate head. Upperparts are otherwise brown and underparts are buffish white. Bill is narrow and warbler-like. Juvenile is similar but duller. Voice Utters a high trilling call. Song is rapid series of call-like notes and whistles. Status Very local resident, restricted to ancient Caledonian pine forests and mature Scots pine plantations in Scottish Highlands.
    126454.jpg
  • Crested Tit Lophophanes cristatus L 11-12cm. Easily recognised by its conspicuous crest. Sexes are similar. Adult has striking black-and-white barred crest. Note black line through eye and bordering ear coverts on otherwise mainly whitish head. Black throat and collar demarcate head. Upperparts are otherwise brown and underparts are buffish white. Bill is narrow and warbler-like. Juvenile is similar but duller. Voice Utters a high trilling call. Song is rapid series of call-like notes and whistles. Status Very local resident, restricted to ancient Caledonian pine forests and mature Scots pine plantations in Scottish Highlands.
    140571.jpg
  • Crested Tit Lophophanes cristatus L 11-12cm. Easily recognised by its conspicuous crest. Sexes are similar. Adult has striking black-and-white barred crest. Note black line through eye and bordering ear coverts on otherwise mainly whitish head. Black throat and collar demarcate head. Upperparts are otherwise brown and underparts are buffish white. Bill is narrow and warbler-like. Juvenile is similar but duller. Voice Utters a high trilling call. Song is rapid series of call-like notes and whistles. Status Very local resident, restricted to ancient Caledonian pine forests and mature Scots pine plantations in Scottish Highlands.
    140572.jpg
  • Crested Tit Lophophanes cristatus L 11-12cm. Easily recognised by its conspicuous crest. Sexes are similar. Adult has striking black-and-white barred crest. Note black line through eye and bordering ear coverts on otherwise mainly whitish head. Black throat and collar demarcate head. Upperparts are otherwise brown and underparts are buffish white. Bill is narrow and warbler-like. Juvenile is similar but duller. Voice Utters a high trilling call. Song is rapid series of call-like notes and whistles. Status Very local resident, restricted to ancient Caledonian pine forests and mature Scots pine plantations in Scottish Highlands.
    157984.jpg
  • Stone Pine Pinus pinea (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m <br />
Broad umbrella-shaped tree with a dense mass of foliage on spreading branches on top of a tall bole. BARK Reddish-grey on old trees and fissured, flaking away to leave deep orange patches. LEAVES Paired needles, to 20cm long and 2mm wide, slightly twisted. Through a hand-lens 12 lines of stomata can be seen on outer surface and 6 on inner surface. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones rounded to ovoid, to 14cm long and 10cm across, ripening rich glossy brown after 3 years. Scales, closely packed with a slightly pyramidal surface, conceal large, slightly winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Mediterranean coasts. Planted here occasionally, usually near coasts.
    134693.jpg
  • Stone Pine Pinus pinea (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m <br />
Broad umbrella-shaped tree with a dense mass of foliage on spreading branches on top of a tall bole. BARK Reddish-grey on old trees and fissured, flaking away to leave deep orange patches. LEAVES Paired needles, to 20cm long and 2mm wide, slightly twisted. Through a hand-lens 12 lines of stomata can be seen on outer surface and 6 on inner surface. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones rounded to ovoid, to 14cm long and 10cm across, ripening rich glossy brown after 3 years. Scales, closely packed with a slightly pyramidal surface, conceal large, slightly winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Mediterranean coasts. Planted here occasionally, usually near coasts.
    134692.jpg
  • Stone Pine Pinus pinea (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m <br />
Broad umbrella-shaped tree with a dense mass of foliage on spreading branches on top of a tall bole. BARK Reddish-grey on old trees and fissured, flaking away to leave deep orange patches. LEAVES Paired needles, to 20cm long and 2mm wide, slightly twisted. Through a hand-lens 12 lines of stomata can be seen on outer surface and 6 on inner surface. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones rounded to ovoid, to 14cm long and 10cm across, ripening rich glossy brown after 3 years. Scales, closely packed with a slightly pyramidal surface, conceal large, slightly winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Mediterranean coasts. Planted here occasionally, usually near coasts.
    134628.jpg
  • Crimean Pine Pinus nigra var. carmanica (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Distinguished by strong bole that divides into several vertical stems, growing upright close to each other. Native to Crimea and Asia Minor. Planted here in parks and gardens.
    132449.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130385.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130371.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130380.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130370.jpg
  • Pine Grosbeak - Pinicola enucleator
    161708.jpg
  • Capercaillie - Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
    157519.jpg
  • Capercaillie - Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
    157518.jpg
  • Capercaillie - Tetrao urogallus - female L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
    157515.jpg
  • Capercaillie - Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
    157516.jpg
  • Solitary Scots Pine - Pinus sylvestris, Matley Wood, New Forest National Park, Hampshire
    155912.jpg
  • Solitary Scots Pine - Pinus sylvestris, New Forest, Hampshire
    154960.jpg
  • Close up heather and bracken at base of tree on forest floor in caledonian pine forest at Loch an Eilein, Cairngorms National Park, Scottish Highlands, Uk
    145503.jpg
  • Plum Yew (Japanese Cow-tail Pine) Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Cephalotaxaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Small, bushy, yew-like evergreen tree. LEAVES Leathery and spineless, in dense clusters on slightly down-curved twigs. <br />
C. harringtonia var. drupacea is a more frequently seen variant with shorter leaves growing almost vertically on the gracefully curving shoots and showing their silvery-green lower surfaces. C. harringtonia ‘Fastigiata’ is an upright form with much darker foliage; leaves reach 7cm in length, although they are shorter near the tip of the current year’s growth. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Creamy-white male flowers are borne in small clusters on the underside of twigs; female flowers (on separate sex trees) borne on very short stalks, later giving rise to small greenish plum-like fruits. <br />
STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Known only as a garden plant, originally from Japan, and never seen growing in the wild.
    134940.jpg
  • Plum Yew (Japanese Cow-tail Pine) Cephalotaxus harringtonia (Cephalotaxaceae) HEIGHT to 6m<br />
Small, bushy, yew-like evergreen tree. LEAVES Leathery and spineless, in dense clusters on slightly down-curved twigs. <br />
C. harringtonia var. drupacea is a more frequently seen variant with shorter leaves growing almost vertically on the gracefully curving shoots and showing their silvery-green lower surfaces. C. harringtonia ‘Fastigiata’ is an upright form with much darker foliage; leaves reach 7cm in length, although they are shorter near the tip of the current year’s growth. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Creamy-white male flowers are borne in small clusters on the underside of twigs; female flowers (on separate sex trees) borne on very short stalks, later giving rise to small greenish plum-like fruits. <br />
STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Known only as a garden plant, originally from Japan, and never seen growing in the wild.
    134917.jpg
  • TWINFLOWER Linnaea borealis (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 7cm. Charming, delicate, creeping and evergreen perennial. Sometimes mat-forming. Grows on the woodland floor in mature and undisturbed Scottish pine forests. FLOWERS are 5-9mm long, the corolla pink and bell-shaped; borne in pairs on upright, slender stalks (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are dry and papery. LEAVES are oval to rounded and borne in pairs on wiry stems. STATUS-Rare and restricted to a few locations in NE Scotland.
    137918.jpg
  • SMALL COW-WHEAT Melampyrum sylvaticum (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 25cm. Variable, straggly annual; semi-parasitic on roots of other plants. Grows in upland birch or pine woodlands. FLOWERS are 8-10mm long, the corolla deep yellow and 2-lipped, the mouth opening widely and the lower lip curved down; borne in pairs arising from the axils of leaf-like bracts that are barely toothed (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are narrow-oval. STATUS-Very local in Scotland and N Ireland.
    118353.jpg
  • SERRATED WINTERGREEN Orthilia secunda (Pyrolaceae) Height to 15cm. Low-growing perennial of open, mature pine forests and mountains. FLOWERS are 5-6mm across and greenish white; pendent, short-stalked and borne on 1-sided stalks (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are oval, toothed and pale green. STATUS-Local and scarce, from N England northwards but least so in the Scottish Highlands.
    116336.jpg
  • TWINFLOWER Linnaea borealis (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 7cm. Charming, delicate, creeping and evergreen perennial. Sometimes mat-forming. Grows on the woodland floor in mature and undisturbed Scottish pine forests. FLOWERS are 5-9mm long, the corolla pink and bell-shaped; borne in pairs on upright, slender stalks (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are dry and papery. LEAVES are oval to rounded and borne in pairs on wiry stems. STATUS-Rare and restricted to a few locations in NE Scotland.
    144602.jpg
  • TWINFLOWER Linnaea borealis (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 7cm. Charming, delicate, creeping and evergreen perennial. Sometimes mat-forming. Grows on the woodland floor in mature and undisturbed Scottish pine forests. FLOWERS are 5-9mm long, the corolla pink and bell-shaped; borne in pairs on upright, slender stalks (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are dry and papery. LEAVES are oval to rounded and borne in pairs on wiry stems. STATUS-Rare and restricted to a few locations in NE Scotland.
    144601.jpg
  • TWINFLOWER Linnaea borealis (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 7cm. Charming, delicate, creeping and evergreen perennial. Sometimes mat-forming. Grows on the woodland floor in mature and undisturbed Scottish pine forests. FLOWERS are 5-9mm long, the corolla pink and bell-shaped; borne in pairs on upright, slender stalks (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are dry and papery. LEAVES are oval to rounded and borne in pairs on wiry stems. STATUS-Rare and restricted to a few locations in NE Scotland.
    144603.jpg
  • Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
    100868.jpg
  • Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
    126616.jpg
  • Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
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  • Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
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  • Capercaillie - Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
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  • Solitary Scots Pine - Pinus sylvestris, New Forest, Hampshire
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  • TWINFLOWER Linnaea borealis (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 7cm. Charming, delicate, creeping and evergreen perennial. Sometimes mat-forming. Grows on the woodland floor in mature and undisturbed Scottish pine forests. FLOWERS are 5-9mm long, the corolla pink and bell-shaped; borne in pairs on upright, slender stalks (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are dry and papery. LEAVES are oval to rounded and borne in pairs on wiry stems. STATUS-Rare and restricted to a few locations in NE Scotland.
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  • Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
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  • Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus L 60-90cm. Huge, impressive gamebird. Explodes into flight when disturbed, revealing long wings and tail. Male is almost half as big again as female and sexes are dissimilar in plumage terms. Adult male often looks all-dark but greenish sheen on breast is sometimes seen. Has brownish wings, red wattle above eye and rounded white spot at base of folded forewing. Tail is fanned elevated in display. Adult female has finely barred grey-brown plumage with orange-brown patch on breast. Juvenile resembles a small, dull female. Voice Male utters bizarre sequence of clicks followed by noise that resembles a cork being pulled from a bottle. Status Confined to mature Scots Pine forest in Scotland. Became extinct in 18th Century; current population results from re-introductions. Status Easiest to see at RSPB’s Loch Garten reserve.
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  • Red Squirrel Sciurus vulgaris Length 35-45cm Britain’s native squirrel. Adult has compact body with large head, tufted ears and bushy tail. In summer, coat is mainly orange-brown with creamy white underparts; tail bleaches paler with time. In winter, coat is thicker and darker on back; ear tufts more pronounced. Utters chattering calls. Formerly widespread in Britain prior to introduction of Grey Squirrel; now common only in N in mature conifer forests with a few southern outposts (eg Thetford Forest in Norfolk, Isle of Wight and Brownsea Island, Dorset.
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  • The Spey Way near Aviemore, Cairngorm National Park, Scottish Highlands, Uk
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  • Toothed Wintergreen - Orthilia secunda
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  • Toothed Wintergreen or Serrated Wintergreen - Orthilia secunda
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  • Toothed Wintergreen or Serrated Wintergreen - Orthilia secunda
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  • Ear Pick Fungus - Auriscalpium vulgare
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  • Ear Pick Fungus - Auriscalpium vulgare
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  • ear pick fungus<br />
Auriscalpium vulgare
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  • Cyclist on the Spey Way near Aviemore, Cairngorm National Park, Scottish Highlands, Uk
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  • Sunset over Loch an Eilein and castle island, Cairngorms National Park, Scottish Highlands, Uk
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  • Sunset over Loch an Eilein and castle island, Cairngorms National Park, Scottish Highlands, Uk
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  • Sunset over Loch an Eilein and castle island, Cairngorms National Park, Scottish Highlands, Uk
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