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  • Parasitic Bolete - Pseudoboletus parasiticus
    135382.jpg
  • Green Shore Crab - Carcinus maenas infected with parasitic barnacle - Sacculina carcini
    141599.jpg
  • Parasitic Bolete -  Pseudoboletus parasiticus
    134222.jpg
  • Green Shore Crab - Carcinus maenas infected with parasitic barnacle - Sacculina carcini
    141600.jpg
  • Parasitic Bolete  Pseudoboletus parasiticus
    137205.jpg
  • COMMON DODDER Cuscuta epithymum (Cuscutaceae) Climbing. Bizarre, parasitic and leafless plant that lacks chlorophyll and gains its nutrition from host plants, which include Heather, clovers and other herbaceous plants. Found in grassy places and on heaths, the slender, red stems twining through the vegetation. FLOWERS are 3-4mm across, pink and borne in dense clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are absent. STATUS-Locally common in S; scarce elsewhere.
    141451.jpg
  • TOOTHWORT Lathraea squamaria (Orobanchaceae) Height to 25cm. Bizarre perennial that is entirely parasitic on the roots of woody shrubs, especially Hazel. Grows in woodlands, invariably on base-rich soils. FLOWERS are 15-18mm long, tubular and pinkish lilac to creamy white; borne in 1-sided spikes (Apr-May). FRUITS are capsules, contained within the dead flower. LEAVES are scale-like, alternate and clasping. STATUS-Widespread but only locally common; absent N Scotland and W Ireland.
    140487.jpg
  • OXTONGUE BROOMRAPE Orobanche artemisiae-campestris (Orobanchaceae) Height to 60cm. Upright, unbranched annual that usually has a purplish-tinged stem. Whole plant lacks chlorophyll and is entirely parasitic on the roots of Hawkweed Oxtongue Picris hieracioides. Found in calcareous grassland and on sea cliffs. FLOWERS are 15-20mm long, the corolla pinkish yellow with purple veins, tubular with smoothly curved dorsal surface, and 2-lipped; filmaents are hairy at base. Flowers borne in open, upright spikes (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Very rare. S England only, from cliffs in Kent and Sussex, to Isle of Wight.
    140025.jpg
  • GREATER BROOMRAPE Orobanche rapum-genistae (Orobanchaceae) Height to 80cm. Impressive plant and the tallest of its kind in the region. Stems are yellowish and distinctly swollen at the base. Parasitic on the roots of Broom and gorse. Found on grassy banks and heaths. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla yellow tinged purple and the filaments hairless at the base; borne in upright spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Widespread but scarce, occurring mainly in England and Wales.
    134152.jpg
  • PURPLE TOOTHWORT Lathraea clandestina (Orobanchaceae) Subterranean. Distinctive perennial. Entirely parasitic on the roots of trees such as poplars, willows and alders and grows in damp woodland. The main visible signs of the plant above ground are the flowers; sometimes these form large patches. FLOWERS are 4-5cm long, the corolla purple and held erect (Mar-May). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are scale-like and borne close to the ground. STATUS-Introduced and naturalised locally.
    130061.jpg
  • GREATER BROOMRAPE Orobanche rapum-genistae (Orobanchaceae) Height to 80cm. Impressive plant and the tallest of its kind in the region. Stems are yellowish and distinctly swollen at the base. Parasitic on the roots of Broom and gorse. Found on grassy banks and heaths. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla yellow tinged purple and the filaments hairless at the base; borne in upright spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Widespread but scarce, occurring mainly in England and Wales.
    134147.jpg
  • COMMON BROOMRAPE Orobanche minor (Orobanchaceae) Height to 40cm. Upright, unbranched annual that usually has a purplish-tinged stem. Whole plant lacks chlorophyll and is entirely parasitic on the roots of Pea family members, notably clovers, and other herbaceous plants. Found in grassy places and scrub, and on verges. FLOWERS are 10-18mm long, the corolla pinkish yellow with purple veins, tubular with smoothly curved dorsal surface, and 2-lipped; in open, upright spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Locally common in central and S England, Wales and S Ireland.
    131131.jpg
  • YARROW (PURPLE) BROOMRAPE Orobanche purpurea (Orobanchaceae) Height to 30cm. Upright, unbranched purplish-tinged annual. Whole plant lacks chlorophyll and is entirely parasitic on the roots of Yarrow Achillea millefolium. Found in dry grassland and in coastal grassland. FLOWERS are 20-30mm long, the corolla pinkish-purple with darker veins. Stigmas are white. Flowers borne in open, upright spikes (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Very rare. Scattered, from Norfolk to Isle of Wight.
    140030.jpg
  • parasitic bolete<br />
Pseudoboletus parasiticus
    138494.jpg
  • PURPLE TOOTHWORT Lathraea clandestina (Orobanchaceae) Subterranean. Distinctive perennial. Entirely parasitic on the roots of trees such as poplars, willows and alders and grows in damp woodland. The main visible signs of the plant above ground are the flowers; sometimes these form large patches. FLOWERS are 4-5cm long, the corolla purple and held erect (Mar-May). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are scale-like and borne close to the ground. STATUS-Introduced and naturalised locally.
    133504.jpg
  • IVY BROOMRAPE Orobanche hederae (Orobanchaceae) Height to 60cm. Upright plant with a downy, purple-tinged stem that is swollen at the base. Parasitic on Ivy and found mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 12-20mm long, the corolla creamy white with purple veins with a tube that is mainly straight but swollen at the base; borne in spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Local, mainly in S and W Britain.
    131417.jpg
  • THYME BROOMRAPE Orobanche alba (Orobanchaceae) ** Height to 25cm. Attractive, upright and rather stout plant that is tinged reddish. Parasitic on the roots of thymes, and related plants. FLOWERS are 15-20mm long and fragrant, the corolla reddish; borne in comparatively short spikes (May-Aug). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like.
    106351.jpg
  • parasitic copepod<br />
caligus elongatus
    142207.jpg
  • Parasitic Copepod - Clavella adunca
    141830.jpg
  • OXTONGUE BROOMRAPE Orobanche artemisiae-campestris (Orobanchaceae) Height to 60cm. Upright, unbranched annual that usually has a purplish-tinged stem. Whole plant lacks chlorophyll and is entirely parasitic on the roots of Hawkweed Oxtongue Picris hieracioides. Found in calcareous grassland and on sea cliffs. FLOWERS are 15-20mm long, the corolla pinkish yellow with purple veins, tubular with smoothly curved dorsal surface, and 2-lipped; filmaents are hairy at base. Flowers borne in open, upright spikes (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Very rare. S England only, from cliffs in Kent and Sussex, to Isle of Wight.
    140026.jpg
  • GREATER BROOMRAPE Orobanche rapum-genistae (Orobanchaceae) Height to 80cm. Impressive plant and the tallest of its kind in the region. Stems are yellowish and distinctly swollen at the base. Parasitic on the roots of Broom and gorse. Found on grassy banks and heaths. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla yellow tinged purple and the filaments hairless at the base; borne in upright spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Widespread but scarce, occurring mainly in England and Wales.
    134149.jpg
  • IVY BROOMRAPE Orobanche hederae (Orobanchaceae) Height to 60cm. Upright plant with a downy, purple-tinged stem that is swollen at the base. Parasitic on Ivy and found mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 12-20mm long, the corolla creamy white with purple veins with a tube that is mainly straight but swollen at the base; borne in spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Local, mainly in S and W Britain.
    141216.jpg
  • COMMON DODDER Cuscuta epithymum (Cuscutaceae) Climbing. Bizarre, parasitic and leafless plant that lacks chlorophyll and gains its nutrition from host plants, which include Heather, clovers and other herbaceous plants. Found in grassy places and on heaths, the slender, red stems twining through the vegetation. FLOWERS are 3-4mm across, pink and borne in dense clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are absent. STATUS-Locally common in S; scarce elsewhere.
    141450.jpg
  • GREATER BROOMRAPE Orobanche rapum-genistae (Orobanchaceae) Height to 80cm. Impressive plant and the tallest of its kind in the region. Stems are yellowish and distinctly swollen at the base. Parasitic on the roots of Broom and gorse. Found on grassy banks and heaths. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla yellow tinged purple and the filaments hairless at the base; borne in upright spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Widespread but scarce, occurring mainly in England and Wales.
    134148.jpg
  • COMMON BROOMRAPE Orobanche minor (Orobanchaceae) Height to 40cm. Upright, unbranched annual that usually has a purplish-tinged stem. Whole plant lacks chlorophyll and is entirely parasitic on the roots of Pea family members, notably clovers, and other herbaceous plants. Found in grassy places and scrub, and on verges. FLOWERS are 10-18mm long, the corolla pinkish yellow with purple veins, tubular with smoothly curved dorsal surface, and 2-lipped; in open, upright spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Locally common in central and S England, Wales and S Ireland.
    131130.jpg
  • KNAPWEED BROOMRAPE Orobanche elatior (Orobanchaceae) Height to 70cm. Imposing plant with a relatively thick stem that is yellowish brown and slightly swollen at the base. Parasitic on the roots of knapweeds, and other Daisy family members. Grows in calcareous grassland. FLOWERS are 18-25mm long, the corolla yellow tinged purple, and the filaments hairy at the base; borne in upright, swollen and rather club-like spikes (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like. STATUS-Locally common in S and E England only.
    128076.jpg
  • COMMON DODDER Cuscuta epithymum (Cuscutaceae) * Climbing. Bizarre, parasitic and leafless plant that lacks chlorophyll and gains its nutrition from host plants, which include Heather, clovers and other herbaceous plants. Found in grassy places and on heaths, the slender, red stems twining through the vegetation. FLOWERS are 3-4mm across, pink and borne in dense clusters (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are absent. STATUS-Locally common in S; scarce elsewhere.
    131376.jpg
  • IVY BROOMRAPE Orobanche hederae (Orobanchaceae) Height to 60cm<br />
Upright plant with a downy, purple-tinged stem that is swollen at the base. Parasitic on Ivy and found mainly on calcareous soils. FLOWERS are 12-20mm long, the corolla creamy white with purple veins with a tube that is mainly straight but swollen at the base; borne in spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS are egg-shaped capsules, concealed by the dead flowers. LEAVES are scale-like.
    103099.jpg
  • TOOTHWORT Lathraea squamaria (Orobanchaceae) Height to 25cm. Bizarre perennial that is entirely parasitic on the roots of woody shrubs, especially Hazel. Grows in woodlands, invariably on base-rich soils. FLOWERS are 15-18mm long, tubular and pinkish lilac to creamy white; borne in 1-sided spikes (Apr-May). FRUITS are capsules, contained within the dead flower. LEAVES are scale-like, alternate and clasping. STATUS-Widespread but only locally common; absent N Scotland and W Ireland.
    118488.jpg
  • Gasteruption jaculator -  aspecies of parasitic wasp
    160102.jpg
  • YELLOW-RATTLE Rhinanthus minor (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 45cm. Variable, upright and almost hairless annual that is semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. The stems are stiff, 4-angled and often marked with dark spots and streaks. Grows in undisturbed meadows and stabilised dunes. FLOWERS are 10-20mm long, the corolla yellow, 2-lipped and somewhat tubular and straight, the 2 teeth on the upper lip are 1mm long; borne in spikes with triangular, toothed and leaf-like green bracts (May-Sep). FRUITS are inflated capsules inside which the ripe seeds do indeed rattle. LEAVES are oblong with rounded teeth. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    143564.jpg
  • GREATER YELLOW-RATTLE Rhinanthus angustifolius (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 60cm. Upright, semi-parasitic annual. Similar to Yellow-rattle but branched, and with subtle differences in flower structure. Grows in undisturbed grassland. FLOWERS are 15-20mm long, the corolla yellow, 2-lipped with a concave dorsal surface; the 2 teeth on the upper lip are 2mm long; in spikes with triangular, toothed and yellowish green bracts (May-Sep). FRUITS are inflated capsules. LEAVES are oblong with rounded teeth. STATUS-Rare, restricted to a few scattered locations from S England to Scotland.
    143577.jpg
  • Eyebright - Euphrasia officinalis Height to 25cm. Branched or unbranched annual, semi-parasitic on roots of other plants and sometimes tinged reddish. The plant’s appearance is extremely variable and 30 or so species are recognised. However, an expert eye and considerable experience is needed to discern the differences. Given the limited space available in this book, here all Eyebrights are considered as a single aggregate species. Grows in undisturbed grassy places. FLOWERS are 5-10mm long (depending on the ‘species’ involved), the corolla 2-lipped (the lower lip 3-lobed) and whitish (sometimes tinged pink) with purple veins and a yellow throat; borne in leafy spikes (May-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are oval but sharply toothed, sometimes tinged bronze. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    157364.jpg
  • LOUSEWORT Pedicularis sylvatica (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 20cm. Spreading and hairless perennial with numerous branching stems. Semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on damp heaths and moors, and in bogs, usually on acid soils. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla pale pink and 2-lipped, the upper lip with 2 teeth; borne in few-flowered leafy spikes (Apr-Jul). FRUITS are inflated capsules. LEAVES are feathery and divided into toothed leaflets. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout the region in suitable habitats.
    133650.jpg
  • RED BARTSIA Odontites vernus (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 40cm. Straggly, branched and downy annual with stems often tinged reddish. Semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on disturbed ground, tracks and verges, and in arable field margins. FLOWERS are 8-10mm long, the corolla pinkish purple and 2-lipped, the lower lip 3-lobed; borne in 1-sided, elongated and slightly curved spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are narrow, toothed, unstalked and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
    131817.jpg
  • ALPINE BARTSIA Bartsia alpina (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 25cm. Upright, downy and unbranched perennial; semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows in damp grassland on upland, limestone soils. FLOWERS are 15-20mm long, the corolla purple and 2-lipped (upper longer than lower); in spikes (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are oval, unstalked and untoothed, the upper ones tinged purple. STATUS-Rare, restricted to a few sites in N England and the Scottish Highlands.
    131759.jpg
  • CRESTED COW-WHEAT Melampyrum cristatum (Scrophulariaceae)  Height less than 50cm<br />
Upright, downy annual that is semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on verges and along grassy, woodland rides. FLOWERS are 12-16mm long, the corolla yellow and purple, and 2-lipped; borne in 4-sided spikes with triangular, toothed bracts tinged purple at the base (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are lanceolate, unstalked and in opposite pairs.
    112937.jpg
  • GREATER YELLOW-RATTLE Rhinanthus angustifolius (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 60cm. Upright, semi-parasitic annual. Similar to Yellow-rattle but branched, and with subtle differences in flower structure. Grows in undisturbed grassland. FLOWERS are 15-20mm long, the corolla yellow, 2-lipped with a concave dorsal surface; the 2 teeth on the upper lip are 2mm long; in spikes with triangular, toothed and yellowish green bracts (May-Sep). FRUITS are inflated capsules. LEAVES are oblong with rounded teeth. STATUS-Rare, restricted to a few scattered locations from S England to Scotland.
    136442.jpg
  • LOUSEWORT Pedicularis sylvatica (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 20cm. Spreading and hairless perennial with numerous branching stems. Semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on damp heaths and moors, and in bogs, usually on acid soils. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla pale pink and 2-lipped, the upper lip with 2 teeth; borne in few-flowered leafy spikes (Apr-Jul). FRUITS are inflated capsules. LEAVES are feathery and divided into toothed leaflets. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout the region in suitable habitats.
    133651.jpg
  • LOUSEWORT Pedicularis sylvatica (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 20cm. Spreading and hairless perennial with numerous branching stems. Semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on damp heaths and moors, and in bogs, usually on acid soils. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla pale pink and 2-lipped, the upper lip with 2 teeth; borne in few-flowered leafy spikes (Apr-Jul). FRUITS are inflated capsules. LEAVES are feathery and divided into toothed leaflets. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout the region in suitable habitats.
    131889.jpg
  • YELLOW-RATTLE Rhinanthus minor (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 45cm. Variable, upright and almost hairless annual that is semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. The stems are stiff, 4-angled and often marked with dark spots and streaks. Grows in undisturbed meadows and stabilised dunes. FLOWERS are 10-20mm long, the corolla yellow, 2-lipped and somewhat tubular and straight, the 2 teeth on the upper lip are 1mm long; borne in spikes with triangular, toothed and leaf-like green bracts (May-Sep). FRUITS are inflated capsules inside which the ripe seeds do indeed rattle. LEAVES are oblong with rounded teeth. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    130992.jpg
  • EYEBRIGHT Euphrasia officinalis agg. (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 25cm. Branched or unbranched annual, semi-parasitic on roots of other plants and sometimes tinged reddish. The plant’s appearance is extremely variable and 30 or so species are recognised. However, an expert eye and considerable experience is needed to discern the differences. Given the limited space available in this book, here all Eyebrights are considered as a single aggregate species. Grows in undisturbed grassy places. FLOWERS are 5-10mm long (depending on the ‘species’ involved), the corolla 2-lipped (the lower lip 3-lobed) and whitish (sometimes tinged pink) with purple veins and a yellow throat; borne in leafy spikes (May-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are oval but sharply toothed, sometimes tinged bronze. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    144488.jpg
  • EYEBRIGHT Euphrasia officinalis agg. (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 25cm. Branched or unbranched annual, semi-parasitic on roots of other plants and sometimes tinged reddish. The plant’s appearance is extremely variable and 30 or so species are recognised. However, an expert eye and considerable experience is needed to discern the differences. Given the limited space available in this book, here all Eyebrights are considered as a single aggregate species. Grows in undisturbed grassy places. FLOWERS are 5-10mm long (depending on the ‘species’ involved), the corolla 2-lipped (the lower lip 3-lobed) and whitish (sometimes tinged pink) with purple veins and a yellow throat; borne in leafy spikes (May-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are oval but sharply toothed, sometimes tinged bronze. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    131831.jpg
  • EYEBRIGHT Euphrasia officinalis agg. (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 25cm. Branched or unbranched annual, semi-parasitic on roots of other plants and sometimes tinged reddish. The plant’s appearance is extremely variable and 30 or so species are recognised. However, an expert eye and considerable experience is needed to discern the differences. Given the limited space available in this book, here all Eyebrights are considered as a single aggregate species. Grows in undisturbed grassy places. FLOWERS are 5-10mm long (depending on the ‘species’ involved), the corolla 2-lipped (the lower lip 3-lobed) and whitish (sometimes tinged pink) with purple veins and a yellow throat; borne in leafy spikes (May-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are oval but sharply toothed, sometimes tinged bronze. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    143275.jpg
  • SMALL COW-WHEAT Melampyrum sylvaticum (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 25cm. Variable, straggly annual; semi-parasitic on roots of other plants. Grows in upland birch or pine woodlands. FLOWERS are 8-10mm long, the corolla deep yellow and 2-lipped, the mouth opening widely and the lower lip curved down; borne in pairs arising from the axils of leaf-like bracts that are barely toothed (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are narrow-oval. STATUS-Very local in Scotland and N Ireland.
    118353.jpg
  • COMMON COW-WHEAT - Melampyrum pratense (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 35cm. Variable but typically straggly annual that is semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on heaths and along woodland rides, and found mainly on acid soils. FLOWERS are 10-18mm long, the corolla pale yellow and flattened laterally, 2-lipped but with the mouth almost closed; in pairs, arising from axils of toothed, leaf-like bracts, these borne in spikes (May-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are narrow, shiny and in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
    131213.jpg
  • MARSH LOUSEWORT Pedicularis palustris (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 60cm. Upright, hairless perennial with a single branching stem. Semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on marshes and bogs, not exclusively favouring acid soils, hence its occurrence in some fens. FLOWERS are 20-25mm long, the corolla pinkish purple and 2-lipped, the upper lip with 4 teeth; borne in open, leafy spikes (May-Sep). FRUITS are inflated capsules. LEAVES are feathery and deeply divided into toothed lobes. STATUS-Widespread and locally common, least so in E England.
    129925.jpg
  • YELLOW BARTSIA Parentucellia viscosa (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 40cm. Stickily-hairy, unbranched annual that is semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grow in damp, grassy places, mostly near the sea and often in dune slacks<br />
FLOWERS are 15-35mm long, the corolla bright yellow and 2-lipped, the lower lip 3-lobed; in leafy spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are lanceolate and unstalked. STATUS-Very locally common near coasts of S and SW England and W Ireland.
    143529.jpg
  • YELLOW BARTSIA Parentucellia viscosa (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 40cm. Stickily-hairy, unbranched annual that is semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grow in damp, grassy places, mostly near the sea and often in dune slacks<br />
FLOWERS are 15-35mm long, the corolla bright yellow and 2-lipped, the lower lip 3-lobed; in leafy spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are lanceolate and unstalked. STATUS-Very locally common near coasts of S and SW England and W Ireland.
    131153.jpg
  • COMMON COW-WHEAT Melampyrum arvense (Scrophulariaceae) Height to 35cm. Variable but typically straggly annual that is semi-parasitic on the roots of other plants. Grows on heaths and along woodland rides, and found mainly on acid soils. FLOWERS are 10-18mm long, the corolla pale yellow and flattened laterally, 2-lipped but with the mouth almost closed; in pairs, arising from axils of toothed, leaf-like bracts, these borne in spikes (May-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are narrow, shiny and in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
    131224.jpg
  • GREATER YELLOW-RATTLE Rhinanthus angustifolius (Scrophulariaceae)  Height to 60cm. Upright, semi-parasitic annual. Similar to Yellow-rattle but branched, and with subtle differences in flower structure. Grows in undisturbed grassland. FLOWERS are 15-20mm long, the corolla yellow, 2-lipped with a concave dorsal surface; the 2 teeth on the upper lip are 2mm long; in spikes with triangular, toothed and yellowish green bracts (May-Sep). FRUITS are inflated capsules. LEAVES are oblong with rounded teeth. STATUS-Rare, restricted to a few scattered locations from S England to Scotland.
    117065.jpg
  • MISTLETOE Viscum album (Viscaceae)  D to 1m<br />
Woody, evergreen parasite with evenly forked branches. It forms large, spherical clumps among branches of host trees, mainly apple (often in cultivation), lime and poplars. FLOWERS are inconspicuous (Feb-Apr). FRUITS are white and sticky. LEAVES are oval, yellowish green and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    132596.jpg
  • MISTLETOE Viscum album (Viscaceae)  D to 1m<br />
Woody, evergreen parasite with evenly forked branches. It forms large, spherical clumps among branches of host trees, mainly apple (often in cultivation), lime and poplars. FLOWERS are inconspicuous (Feb-Apr). FRUITS are white and sticky. LEAVES are oval, yellowish green and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    144558.jpg
  • CARROT BROOMRAPE Orobanche minor ssp. maritima (Height to 50cm) is similar to Common Broomrape but shows subtle differences in the flower structure: the back of the corolla is straight, not curved (Jun-Jul). This species grows on coastal sand and is a parasite of Sea-Holly and Sea Carrot. It also grows, very locally, on the Isle of Wight.
    129781.jpg
  • MISTLETOE Viscum album (Viscaceae)  D to 1m<br />
Woody, evergreen parasite with evenly forked branches. It forms large, spherical clumps among branches of host trees, mainly apple (often in cultivation), lime and poplars. FLOWERS are inconspicuous (Feb-Apr). FRUITS are white and sticky. LEAVES are oval, yellowish green and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    144560.jpg
  • BEDSTRAW BROOMRAPE Orobanche caryophyllacea (Orobanchaceae) Height to 30cm. A distinctive plant, as broomrapes go. Its flowers are pinkish white or creamy yellow, clove-scented, and borne in spikes (June-July). As its name suggests, the plant is a parasite of bedstraws and grows in grassland, mainly on dunes but rarely also on downland. It is easiest to locate at Sandwich Bay in Kent.
    117987.jpg
  • MISTLETOE Viscum album (Viscaceae)  D to 1m<br />
Woody, evergreen parasite with evenly forked branches. It forms large, spherical clumps among branches of host trees, mainly apple (often in cultivation), lime and poplars. FLOWERS are inconspicuous (Feb-Apr). FRUITS are white and sticky. LEAVES are oval, yellowish green and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    132592.jpg
  • MISTLETOE Viscum album (Viscaceae)  D to 1m<br />
Woody, evergreen parasite with evenly forked branches. It forms large, spherical clumps among branches of host trees, mainly apple (often in cultivation), lime and poplars. FLOWERS are inconspicuous (Feb-Apr). FRUITS are white and sticky. LEAVES are oval, yellowish green and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    144559.jpg
  • MISTLETOE Viscum album (Viscaceae)  D to 1m<br />
Woody, evergreen parasite with evenly forked branches. It forms large, spherical clumps among branches of host trees, mainly apple (often in cultivation), lime and poplars. FLOWERS are inconspicuous (Feb-Apr). FRUITS are white and sticky. LEAVES are oval, yellowish green and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread but local.
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  • MISTLETOE Viscum album (Viscaceae)  D to 1m<br />
Woody, evergreen parasite with evenly forked branches. It forms large, spherical clumps among branches of host trees, mainly apple (often in cultivation), lime and poplars. FLOWERS are inconspicuous (Feb-Apr). FRUITS are white and sticky. LEAVES are oval, yellowish green and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Widespread but local.
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  • BIRD’S-NEST ORCHID Neottia nidus-avis (Orchidaceae) Height to 35cm. Bizarre-looking orchid that entirely lacks chlorophyll and obtains its nutrition as a parasite of fungal hyphae. It is found in undisturbed woodland, usually under Beech (Fagus sylvatica). FLOWERS are brownish, with a hood and a 2-lobed lip, 10mm long; borne in fairly dense spikes (May-Jul). FRUITS form and swell at the base of the flowers. LEAVES are reduced to brownish scale-like structures. STATUS-Widespread throughout most of the region, except N Scotland, but always local.
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  • Greater Dodder - Cuscuta europaea - a parasite of Common Nettle Urtica dioica
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  • Greater Dodder - Cuscuta europaea - a parasite of Common Nettle Urtica dioica
    161267.jpg
  • Greater Dodder - Cuscuta europaea - a parasite of Common Nettle Urtica dioica
    161265.jpg
  • Yellow-rattle - Rhinanthus minor
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  • Pedicularis lapponica - Varanger, Norway
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  • Alpine Bartsia - Bartsia alpina
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  • Red Bartsia - Odontites vernus
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  • Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum - Varanger, Norway
    162754.jpg
  • Pedicularis lapponica - Varanger, Norway
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  • Lepeophtheirus pectoralis
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  • Common Eyebright - Euphrasia nemorosa
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  • Yellow-rattle - Rhinanthus minor
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  • Pupa of  parasitoid Cotesia sibyllarum on White Admiral butterfly larva.
    145791.jpg
  • piggyback rosegill<br />
Volvariella surrecta
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  • powdery piggyback<br />
Asterophora lycoperdiodes
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  • Cauliflower Fungus or Wood Cauliflower - Sparassis crispa
    135506.jpg
  • Cauliflower Fungus or Wood Cauliflower - Sparassis crispa
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  • glossiphonia complanata
    139729.jpg
  • FLEA<br />
CTENOPTHALAMUS NOBILIS
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  • scarlet caterpillarclub<br />
Cordyceps militaris
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  • powdery piggyback<br />
Asterophora lycoperdioides
    138615.jpg
  • snaketongue truffleclub<br />
Cordyceps ophioglossioides
    138594.jpg
  • Ichneumon fly sp
    156381.jpg
  • piggyback rosegill<br />
Volvariella surrecta
    138826.jpg
  • powdery piggyback<br />
Asterophora lycoperdioides
    138613.jpg
  • Eyed Hawkmoth larva - Smetrinthus ocellatus  with parasitoid, Microplitis ocellatae grubs & cocoons.
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  • Ichneumon - Lissonota setosa - female
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  • Powdercap Strangler - Squamanita paradoxa
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  • Pteromalus puparum - wasp - parasitising pupa of Large White
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  • LEECH<br />
EROPOBDELLA OCTOCULATA
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  • Ruby-tailed Wasp - Chrysis ignita
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  • Ichneumon Fly - Rhyssa persuasoria
    105533.jpg
  • piggyback rosegill<br />
Volvariella surrecta
    138382.jpg
  • Puss moth larva Cerura vinula with parsaitoid cocoons of Cotesis affinis
    145793.jpg
  • Ichneumon - Lissonota setosa - male
    139845.jpg
  • 7 Spot Ladybird Coccinella septempunctata attacked by Perlitus coccinelliae
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  • silky piggyback<br />
Asterphora parasitica
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  • Paecilomyces farinosus
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  • Paecilomyces farinosus
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