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  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    153638.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    153639.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    153637.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    153640.jpg
  • Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra ssp. maritima, Stoke Woods, Bicester, Oxfordshire owned by the Woodland Trust
    162419.jpg
  • Black Mustard - Brassica nigra blowing in the wind on the cliffs below Lizard Lighthouse, Cornwall
    153746.jpg
  • Common Knapweed - Centaurea nigra
    163164.jpg
  • Common Scoter - Melanitta nigra
    161756.jpg
  • Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra, Stoke Woods, Bicester, Oxfordshire owned by the Woodland Trust
    162434.jpg
  • Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra ssp. maritima, Stoke Woods, Bicester, Oxfordshire owned by the Woodland Trust
    162418.jpg
  • Black Mustard - Brassica nigra blowing in the wind on the cliffs below Lizard Lighthouse, Cornwall
    153747.jpg
  • Flowering Elder - Samubucus nigra at Kenfig Nature Reserve, South Wales
    153698.jpg
  • Mature Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima , Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161968.jpg
  • Black Mustard - Brassica nigra blowing in the wind on the cliffs below Lizard Lighthouse, Cornwall
    153745.jpg
  • Black Mustard - Brassica nigra blowing in the wind on the cliffs below Lizard Lighthouse, Cornwall
    153748.jpg
  • Mature Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima , Stoke Wood, Oxfordshire.
    161967.jpg
  • Lombardy Poplar - Populus nigra italica
    162908.jpg
  • Lombardy Poplar - Populus nigra italica
    162909.jpg
  • Lombardy Poplar - Populus nigra italica
    162907.jpg
  • Lombardy Poplar - Populus nigra italica
    162910.jpg
  • Lombardy Poplar - Populus nigra italica
    162911.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130371.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130385.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130380.jpg
  • Corsican Pine Pinus nigra ssp. maritima (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Similar to ssp. nigra but more shapely. BRANCHES Shorter than ssp. nigra and level, so young trees are columnar. LEAVES Soft, narrow needles, paler green than ssp. nigra, to 15cm long, often twisted in young trees. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Cones similar to ssp. nigra. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Corsica, S Italy and Sicily, planted here on lowland heaths, coastal dunes, and poor soils. Resistant to pollution.
    130370.jpg
  • Austrian Pine Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Pinaceae Height to 30m<br />
Broadly conical with a narrow crown. Bark Greyish-brown, becoming darker and rough in older trees. Needles Paired, to 15cm long; stiff with finely toothed margins. Reproductive parts Mature cones, to 8cm long, have keeled, spined scales. Status Native of central Europe. Widely planted here for shelter or ornament and sometimes naturalised.
    100951.jpg
  • Austrian Pine Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Pinaceae Height to 30m<br />
Broadly conical with a narrow crown. Bark Greyish-brown, becoming darker and rough in older trees. Needles Paired, to 15cm long; stiff with finely toothed margins. Reproductive parts Mature cones, to 8cm long, have keeled, spined scales. Status Native of central Europe. Widely planted here for shelter or ornament and sometimes naturalised.
    135011.jpg
  • Austrian Pine Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Pinaceae Height to 30m<br />
Broadly conical with a narrow crown. Bark Greyish-brown, becoming darker and rough in older trees. Needles Paired, to 15cm long; stiff with finely toothed margins. Reproductive parts Mature cones, to 8cm long, have keeled, spined scales. Status Native of central Europe. Widely planted here for shelter or ornament and sometimes naturalised.
    135010.jpg
  • Austrian Pine Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Pinaceae Height to 30m<br />
Broadly conical with a narrow crown. Bark Greyish-brown, becoming darker and rough in older trees. Needles Paired, to 15cm long; stiff with finely toothed margins. Reproductive parts Mature cones, to 8cm long, have keeled, spined scales. Status Native of central Europe. Widely planted here for shelter or ornament and sometimes naturalised.
    134978.jpg
  • Magnolia liliflora 'nigra' Height to 4m Large shrub or small tree. BARK Grey and slightly fissured. LEAVES Oval and pointed at the tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowres, to 30cm across, comprise numerous purple tepals. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of China, sometimes grown here for its wonderful flowers.
    132736.jpg
  • Austrian Pine - Pinus nigra ssp. nigra Pinaceae. Height to 30m<br />
Broadly conical with a narrow crown. Bark Greyish-brown, becoming darker and rough in older trees. Needles Paired, to 15cm long; stiff with finely toothed margins. Reproductive parts Mature cones, to 8cm long, have keeled, spined scales. Status Native of central Europe. Widely planted here for shelter or ornament and sometimes naturalised.
    157427.jpg
  • Black Rustic - Aporophyla nigra
    140596.jpg
  • Ophiocomina nigra
    142668.jpg
  • Parsley-leaved Elder  Sambucus nigra laciniata. A distinctive form of widespread Elder; often cultivated but also appears to occur naturally in the wild (possibly bird-sown and naturalised). A small deciduous, often rather untidy tree or a large shrub. BARK Deeply grooved and furrowed bark, greyish-brown and corky with age. BRANCHES Numerous, spreading and twisted. LEAVES are much-divded and parsley-like. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are borne in a dense, flat-topped cluster; individual flowers are small and composed of 3–5 white petals and anthers. The fruit is a rounded, shiny-black berry, often produced in great quantities in pendulous heads.
    135098.jpg
  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m  Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
    118375.jpg
  • Common Scoter Melanitta nigra L 44-54cm. Male is our only all-black duck. Rather long tail is sometimes raised when swimming. Gregarious outside breeding season. In flight, looks mainly dark but paler flight feathers can sometimes be seen. Sexes are dissimilar. Adult male has uniformly black plumage. Head sheen only visible at close range. Bill is mostly dark but with yellow ridge; base is bulbous base. 1st winter male has browner plumage are all-dark bill. Adult female has mainly dark brown plumage with pale buff cheeks. Juvenile resembles aadult female. Voice Mostly silent. Status Rare breeding bird, found on vegetated N lakes and lochs. Locally fairly common in winter, found on coasts with sandy seabeds.
    128892.jpg
  • Common Scoter Melanitta nigra L 44-54cm. Male is our only all-black duck. Rather long tail is sometimes raised when swimming. Gregarious outside breeding season. In flight, looks mainly dark but paler flight feathers can sometimes be seen. Sexes are dissimilar. Adult male has uniformly black plumage. Head sheen only visible at close range. Bill is mostly dark but with yellow ridge; base is bulbous base. 1st winter male has browner plumage are all-dark bill. Adult female has mainly dark brown plumage with pale buff cheeks. Juvenile resembles aadult female. Voice Mostly silent. Status Rare breeding bird, found on vegetated N lakes and lochs. Locally fairly common in winter, found on coasts with sandy seabeds.
    145603.jpg
  • COMMON KNAPWEED Centaurea nigra (Asteraceae) Height to 1m. Downy or hairy perennial that branches towards the top of the plant. The stems are stiff and grooved and are often swollen beneath the base of the flowers. Grows in a wide range of grassy places. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 2-4cm across, with reddish purple florets and a swollen, hard base covered in brown bracts; heads are usually solitary (Jun-Sep). FRUITS do not have pappus hairs. LEAVES are narrow, those near the base of the plant are slightly lobed. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    141410.jpg
  • Common Scoter Melanitta nigra L 44-54cm. Male is our only all-black duck. Rather long tail is sometimes raised when swimming. Gregarious outside breeding season. In flight, looks mainly dark but paler flight feathers can sometimes be seen. Sexes are dissimilar. Adult male has uniformly black plumage. Head sheen only visible at close range. Bill is mostly dark but with yellow ridge; base is bulbous base. 1st winter male has browner plumage are all-dark bill. Adult female has mainly dark brown plumage with pale buff cheeks. Juvenile resembles aadult female. Voice Mostly silent. Status Rare breeding bird, found on vegetated N lakes and lochs. Locally fairly common in winter, found on coasts with sandy seabeds.
    154227.jpg
  • Black Rustic - Aporophyla nigra
    140603.jpg
  • Black Rustic - Aporophyla nigra
    140597.jpg
  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m  Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
    133341.jpg
  • Black Walnut Juglans nigra (Juglandaceae) HEIGHT to 32m<br />
Has a tall, straight bole and domed crown of brighter green leaves than Common Walnut. BARK Dark brown, showing a diamond pattern of deep cracks. LEAVES Compound with 15-23 leaflets, finely toothed and downy below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits similar to Common Walnut but not as edible; green husk yields a similar dark dye. Native of USA, planted here occasionally.
    132725.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    130135.jpg
  • Water Oak Quercus nigra (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 18m<br />
Domed tree. BARK Purplish grey. BRANCHES Spreading. LEAVES Dark green, glossy, hairless, with irregular lobes, broadest near blunt tip; retained into winter. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Domed acorns in shallow cups. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E USA, planted here occasionally.
    108777.jpg
  • BLACK HOREHOUND Ballota nigra (Lamiaceae) Height to 50cm. Straggly, bushy and hairy perennial that has a pungent and unpleasant smell when bruised. Grows on disturbed ground and roadside verges. FLOWERS are 12-18mm long and pinkish purple with a concave upper lip; borne in whorls with striking calyx teeth (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are nutlets. LEAVES are stalked and ovate or heart-shaped. STATUS-Widespread and locally common in England and Wales but scarce or absent elsewhere.
    131341.jpg
  • COMMON SEDGE Carex nigra (Cyperaceae) Height to 50cm<br />
Variable, creeping sedge of damp grassland and marshes. Stems are 3-angled and rough at the top. FLOWERS in inflorescences of 1-2 thin male spikes above 1-4 female spikes with black glumes (May-Jun). FRUITS are short-beaked and green grading to blackish. LEAVES are long, narrow and appear in tufts. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    130888.jpg
  • BLACK MUSTARD Brassica nigra (Brassicaceae) Height to 2m<br />
Robust, greyish annual. Often found on sea cliffs, riverbanks and waste ground. FLOWERS are 12-15mm across with 4 yellow petals (May-Aug). FRUITS are flattened and pressed close to stem. LEAVES are stalked, the lower ones pinnately lobed and bristly. STATUS-Locally common in England and Wales; rather scarce elsewhere.
    130624.jpg
  • Common Scoter Melanitta nigra L 44-54cm. Male is our only all-black duck. Rather long tail is sometimes raised when swimming. Gregarious outside breeding season. In flight, looks mainly dark but paler flight feathers can sometimes be seen. Sexes are dissimilar. Adult male has uniformly black plumage. Head sheen only visible at close range. Bill is mostly dark but with yellow ridge; base is bulbous base. 1st winter male has browner plumage are all-dark bill. Adult female has mainly dark brown plumage with pale buff cheeks. Juvenile resembles aadult female. Voice Mostly silent. Status Rare breeding bird, found on vegetated N lakes and lochs. Locally fairly common in winter, found on coasts with sandy seabeds.
    128852.jpg
  • Black Rustic - Aporophyla nigra
    140595.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    144437.jpg
  • Lombardy-poplar Populus nigra ‘Italica’ (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 36m. Distinctive, narrowly columnar tree. Gnarled bole supports numerous short, ascending branches that taper towards narrow pointed crown. Otherwise similar to Black-poplar with slightly more triangular leaves. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Typical, slender Lombardy-poplars are all males, bearing reddish catkins. Female trees, known as var. ‘Gigantea’, are scarce and have thicker, spreading branches that give tree a broader crown. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Italy, introduced to Britain in mid-18th century. Tolerates a wide range of soils and climates. Often planted in long lines.
    135215.jpg
  • Water Oak Quercus nigra (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 18m<br />
Domed tree. BARK Purplish grey. BRANCHES Spreading. LEAVES Dark green, glossy, hairless, with irregular lobes, broadest near blunt tip; retained into winter. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Domed acorns in shallow cups. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E USA, planted here occasionally.
    135049.jpg
  • Black Mulberry Morus nigra (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 13m<br />
Gnarled bole and dense, twisting branches and twigs make even a young tree look ancient. Crown may be broader than tree is tall. BARK Dark orange-brown, fissured and peeling. Downy shoots release milky juice if snapped. LEAVES To 20cm long, oval with heart-shaped base, toothed margin and pointed tip. Petiole hairy, to 2.5cm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flower spikes are produced on short downy stalks in May; yellowish-green male flowers are about 2.5cm long, females are about 1–1.25cm long and give rise to a hard raspberry-like fruit, acidic until fully ripened, when wine-red or purple. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Asia, long cultivated elsewhere. In Britain, found mainly in south, in sheltered gardens.
    134854.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    133224.jpg
  • Black Mulberry Morus nigra (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 13m<br />
Gnarled bole and dense, twisting branches and twigs make even a young tree look ancient. Crown may be broader than tree is tall. BARK Dark orange-brown, fissured and peeling. Downy shoots release milky juice if snapped. LEAVES To 20cm long, oval with heart-shaped base, toothed margin and pointed tip. Petiole hairy, to 2.5cm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flower spikes are produced on short downy stalks in May; yellowish-green male flowers are about 2.5cm long, females are about 1–1.25cm long and give rise to a hard raspberry-like fruit, acidic until fully ripened, when wine-red or purple. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Asia, long cultivated elsewhere. In Britain, found mainly in south, in sheltered gardens.
    132505.jpg
  • Lombardy-poplar Populus nigra ‘Italica’ (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 36m. Distinctive, narrowly columnar tree. Gnarled bole supports numerous short, ascending branches that taper towards narrow pointed crown. Otherwise similar to Black-poplar with slightly more triangular leaves. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Typical, slender Lombardy-poplars are all males, bearing reddish catkins. Female trees, known as var. ‘Gigantea’, are scarce and have thicker, spreading branches that give tree a broader crown. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Italy, introduced to Britain in mid-18th century. Tolerates a wide range of soils and climates. Often planted in long lines.
    132469.jpg
  • Crimean Pine Pinus nigra var. carmanica (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 30m. Distinguished by strong bole that divides into several vertical stems, growing upright close to each other. Native to Crimea and Asia Minor. Planted here in parks and gardens.
    132449.jpg
  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m  Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
    130284.jpg
  • Black Mulberry Morus nigra (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 13m<br />
Gnarled bole and dense, twisting branches and twigs make even a young tree look ancient. Crown may be broader than tree is tall. BARK Dark orange-brown, fissured and peeling. Downy shoots release milky juice if snapped. LEAVES To 20cm long, oval with heart-shaped base, toothed margin and pointed tip. Petiole hairy, to 2.5cm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flower spikes are produced on short downy stalks in May; yellowish-green male flowers are about 2.5cm long, females are about 1–1.25cm long and give rise to a hard raspberry-like fruit, acidic until fully ripened, when wine-red or purple. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Asia, long cultivated elsewhere. In Britain, found mainly in south, in sheltered gardens.
    129658.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    108740.jpg
  • ELDER Sambucus nigra (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 10m<br />
Deciduous shrub or small tree with spreading, outcurved main branches and corky bark. Grows in woodland, scrub and hedgerows, thriving best on chalky and nitrogen-enriched soils. FLOWERS are 5mm across and creamy white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 10-20cm across (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are blackish purple berries, borne in clusters. LEAVES are unpleasant-smelling and divided into 5-7 leaflets. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    128001.jpg
  • Black Stork - Ciconia nigra
    137637.jpg
  • Black Rustic - Aporophyla nigra
    135283.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    144438.jpg
  • Black Walnut Juglans nigra (Juglandaceae) HEIGHT to 32m<br />
Has a tall, straight bole and domed crown of brighter green leaves than Common Walnut. BARK Dark brown, showing a diamond pattern of deep cracks. LEAVES Compound with 15-23 leaflets, finely toothed and downy below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits similar to Common Walnut but not as edible; green husk yields a similar dark dye. Native of USA, planted here occasionally.
    135061.jpg
  • Parsley-leaved Elder  Sambucus nigra laciniata. A distinctive form of widespread Elder; often cultivated but also appears to occur naturally in the wild (possibly bird-sown and naturalised). A small deciduous, often rather untidy tree or a large shrub. BARK Deeply grooved and furrowed bark, greyish-brown and corky with age. BRANCHES Numerous, spreading and twisted. LEAVES are much-divded and parsley-like. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are borne in a dense, flat-topped cluster; individual flowers are small and composed of 3–5 white petals and anthers. The fruit is a rounded, shiny-black berry, often produced in great quantities in pendulous heads.
    134428.jpg
  • Black Mulberry Morus nigra (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 13m<br />
Gnarled bole and dense, twisting branches and twigs make even a young tree look ancient. Crown may be broader than tree is tall. BARK Dark orange-brown, fissured and peeling. Downy shoots release milky juice if snapped. LEAVES To 20cm long, oval with heart-shaped base, toothed margin and pointed tip. Petiole hairy, to 2.5cm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flower spikes are produced on short downy stalks in May; yellowish-green male flowers are about 2.5cm long, females are about 1–1.25cm long and give rise to a hard raspberry-like fruit, acidic until fully ripened, when wine-red or purple. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Asia, long cultivated elsewhere. In Britain, found mainly in south, in sheltered gardens.
    132506.jpg
  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
    130290.jpg
  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m  Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
    126729.jpg
  • COMMON KNAPWEED Centaurea nigra (Asteraceae) Height to 1m. Downy or hairy perennial that branches towards the top of the plant. The stems are stiff and grooved and are often swollen beneath the base of the flowers. Grows in a wide range of grassy places. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 2-4cm across, with reddish purple florets and a swollen, hard base covered in brown bracts; heads are usually solitary (Jun-Sep). FRUITS do not have pappus hairs. LEAVES are narrow, those near the base of the plant are slightly lobed. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    141411.jpg
  • ELDER Sambucus nigra (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 10m<br />
Deciduous shrub or small tree with spreading, outcurved main branches and corky bark. Grows in woodland, scrub and hedgerows, thriving best on chalky and nitrogen-enriched soils. FLOWERS are 5mm across and creamy white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 10-20cm across (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are blackish purple berries, borne in clusters. LEAVES are unpleasant-smelling and divided into 5-7 leaflets. STATUS-Widespread and common.
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  • BLACK MUSTARD Brassica nigra (Brassicaceae) Height to 2m<br />
Robust, greyish annual. Often found on sea cliffs, riverbanks and waste ground. FLOWERS are 12-15mm across with 4 yellow petals (May-Aug). FRUITS are flattened and pressed close to stem. LEAVES are stalked, the lower ones pinnately lobed and bristly. STATUS-Locally common in England and Wales; rather scarce elsewhere.
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  • Common Scoter Melanitta nigra L 44-54cm. Male is our only all-black duck. Rather long tail is sometimes raised when swimming. Gregarious outside breeding season. In flight, looks mainly dark but paler flight feathers can sometimes be seen. Sexes are dissimilar. Adult male has uniformly black plumage. Head sheen only visible at close range. Bill is mostly dark but with yellow ridge; base is bulbous base. 1st winter male has browner plumage are all-dark bill. Adult female has mainly dark brown plumage with pale buff cheeks. Juvenile resembles aadult female. Voice Mostly silent. Status Rare breeding bird, found on vegetated N lakes and lochs. Locally fairly common in winter, found on coasts with sandy seabeds.
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  • Black Stork - Ciconia nigra
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  • Black Stork - Ciconia nigra
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  • Black Rustic - Aporophyla nigra
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  • Lombardy-poplar Populus nigra ‘Italica’ (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 36m. Distinctive, narrowly columnar tree. Gnarled bole supports numerous short, ascending branches that taper towards narrow pointed crown. Otherwise similar to Black-poplar with slightly more triangular leaves. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Typical, slender Lombardy-poplars are all males, bearing reddish catkins. Female trees, known as var. ‘Gigantea’, are scarce and have thicker, spreading branches that give tree a broader crown. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Italy, introduced to Britain in mid-18th century. Tolerates a wide range of soils and climates. Often planted in long lines.
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  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
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  • Water Oak Quercus nigra (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 18m<br />
Domed tree. BARK Purplish grey. BRANCHES Spreading. LEAVES Dark green, glossy, hairless, with irregular lobes, broadest near blunt tip; retained into winter. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Domed acorns in shallow cups. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E USA, planted here occasionally.
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  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m  Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
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  • COMMON KNAPWEED Centaurea nigra (Asteraceae) Height less than 1m. Downy or hairy perennial that branches towards the top of the plant. The stems are stiff and grooved and are often swollen beneath the base of the flowers. Grows in a wide range of grassy places. FLOWERS are borne in heads, 2-4cm across, with reddish purple florets and a swollen, hard base covered in brown bracts; heads are usually solitary (Jun-Sep). FRUITS do not have pappus hairs. LEAVES are narrow, those near the base of the plant are slightly lobed.
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  • Black Stork - Ciconia nigra
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  • Black Stork - Ciconia nigra
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  • Black Mulberry Morus nigra (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 13m<br />
Gnarled bole and dense, twisting branches and twigs make even a young tree look ancient. Crown may be broader than tree is tall. BARK Dark orange-brown, fissured and peeling. Downy shoots release milky juice if snapped. LEAVES To 20cm long, oval with heart-shaped base, toothed margin and pointed tip. Petiole hairy, to 2.5cm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flower spikes are produced on short downy stalks in May; yellowish-green male flowers are about 2.5cm long, females are about 1–1.25cm long and give rise to a hard raspberry-like fruit, acidic until fully ripened, when wine-red or purple. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Asia, long cultivated elsewhere. In Britain, found mainly in south, in sheltered gardens.
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  • Lombardy-poplar Populus nigra ‘Italica’ (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 36m. Distinctive, narrowly columnar tree. Gnarled bole supports numerous short, ascending branches that taper towards narrow pointed crown. Otherwise similar to Black-poplar with slightly more triangular leaves. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Typical, slender Lombardy-poplars are all males, bearing reddish catkins. Female trees, known as var. ‘Gigantea’, are scarce and have thicker, spreading branches that give tree a broader crown. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Italy, introduced to Britain in mid-18th century. Tolerates a wide range of soils and climates. Often planted in long lines.
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  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
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  • Black Mulberry Morus nigra (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 13m<br />
Gnarled bole and dense, twisting branches and twigs make even a young tree look ancient. Crown may be broader than tree is tall. BARK Dark orange-brown, fissured and peeling. Downy shoots release milky juice if snapped. LEAVES To 20cm long, oval with heart-shaped base, toothed margin and pointed tip. Petiole hairy, to 2.5cm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flower spikes are produced on short downy stalks in May; yellowish-green male flowers are about 2.5cm long, females are about 1–1.25cm long and give rise to a hard raspberry-like fruit, acidic until fully ripened, when wine-red or purple. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Asia, long cultivated elsewhere. In Britain, found mainly in south, in sheltered gardens.
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  • Water Oak Quercus nigra (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 18m<br />
Domed tree. BARK Purplish grey. BRANCHES Spreading. LEAVES Dark green, glossy, hairless, with irregular lobes, broadest near blunt tip; retained into winter. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Domed acorns in shallow cups. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E USA, planted here occasionally.
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  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m  Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
    130286.jpg
  • Black-poplar Populus nigra ssp. betulifolia (Salicaceae) HEIGHT to 32m  Large, spreading tree when fully mature, with a domed crown and thick, blackish, gnarled bole covered with distinctive burrs and tuberous growths. Rather straggly, however, when growing among other trees in woods. SHOOTS And buds are<br />
smooth and golden-brown when young. LEAVES Triangular and long-stalked with a finely toothed margin and are fresh shiny green on both surfaces. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins are pendulous and reddish, female catkins are greenish. Both appear in April. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of our region, preferring heavier soils and damp conditions. Tolerates pollution so sometimes planted in cities. It is known in the north of England as ‘Manchester Poplar’.
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  • Black Mulberry Morus nigra (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 13m<br />
Gnarled bole and dense, twisting branches and twigs make even a young tree look ancient. Crown may be broader than tree is tall. BARK Dark orange-brown, fissured and peeling. Downy shoots release milky juice if snapped. LEAVES To 20cm long, oval with heart-shaped base, toothed margin and pointed tip. Petiole hairy, to 2.5cm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flower spikes are produced on short downy stalks in May; yellowish-green male flowers are about 2.5cm long, females are about 1–1.25cm long and give rise to a hard raspberry-like fruit, acidic until fully ripened, when wine-red or purple. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Asia, long cultivated elsewhere. In Britain, found mainly in south, in sheltered gardens.
    109944.jpg
  • Water Oak Quercus nigra (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 18m<br />
Domed tree. BARK Purplish grey. BRANCHES Spreading. LEAVES Dark green, glossy, hairless, with irregular lobes, broadest near blunt tip; retained into winter. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Domed acorns in shallow cups. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E USA, planted here occasionally.
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  • ELDER Sambucus nigra (Caprifoliaceae) Height to 10m<br />
Deciduous shrub or small tree with spreading, outcurved main branches and corky bark. Grows in woodland, scrub and hedgerows, thriving best on chalky and nitrogen-enriched soils. FLOWERS are 5mm across and creamy white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 10-20cm across (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are blackish purple berries, borne in clusters. LEAVES are unpleasant-smelling and divided into 5-7 leaflets. STATUS-Widespread and common.
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  • Black Walnut - Juglans nigra
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  • 73.233 (2232)<br />
Black Rustic - Aporophyla nigra
    158927.jpg
  • Common Scoter - Melanitta nigra - male. L 44-54cm. Male is our only all-black duck. Rather long tail is sometimes raised when swimming. Gregarious outside breeding season. In flight, looks mainly dark but paler flight feathers can sometimes be seen. Sexes are dissimilar. Adult male has uniformly black plumage. Head sheen only visible at close range. Bill is mostly dark but with yellow ridge; base is bulbous base. 1st winter male has browner plumage are all-dark bill. Adult female has mainly dark brown plumage with pale buff cheeks. Juvenile resembles aadult female. Voice Mostly silent. Status Rare breeding bird, found on vegetated N lakes and lochs. Locally fairly common in winter, found on coasts with sandy seabeds.
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  • Black Walnut - Juglans nigra (Juglandaceae) HEIGHT to 32m<br />
Has a tall, straight bole and domed crown of brighter green leaves than Common Walnut. BARK Dark brown, showing a diamond pattern of deep cracks. LEAVES Compound with 15-23 leaflets, finely toothed and downy below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits similar to Common Walnut but not as edible; green husk yields a similar dark dye. Native of USA, planted here occasionally.
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  • Black Stork - Ciconia nigra
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  • Elder - Sambucus nigra
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