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  • Barred Sallow Xanthia aurago Length 19-21mm. A beautiful moth that rests with its wings spread flat. Adult of typical form has chestnut-brown forewings wings with a central yellow band, and a yellowish head and sides to thorax. In other forms, central band can be much paler. Flies September-October. Larva feeds on Field Maple and Beech. Widespread and common only in central and southern England; largely absent from the west.
    141008.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    140763.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    140761.jpg
  • Scorched Carpet Ligdia adustata Wingspan 20-25mm. A subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings spread flat. Adult has whitish wings, suffused with grey-buff, the forewing marked with a dark cross band and a dark central patch that runs across thorax. Flies May-June. Larva feeds on Spindle. Locally common in southern and central Britain.
    140668.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    158774.jpg
  • Straw Underwing Thalpophila matura Length 19-22mm. An aptly-named moth that rests with its forewings held flat, covering the straw-yellow hindwings. Adult has brown forewings with a central pale-bordered, dark cross band and a pale-ringed eyespot. Flies July–August. Larva feeds on a range of grasses. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
    140786.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    140760.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    140762.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    140759.jpg
  • Straw Underwing Thalpophila matura Length 19-22mm. An aptly-named moth that rests with its forewings held flat, covering the straw-yellow hindwings. Adult has brown forewings with a central pale-bordered, dark cross band and a pale-ringed eyespot. Flies July–August. Larva feeds on a range of grasses. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
    140730.jpg
  • Straw Underwing Thalpophila matura Length 19-22mm. An aptly-named moth that rests with its forewings held flat, covering the straw-yellow hindwings. Adult has brown forewings with a central pale-bordered, dark cross band and a pale-ringed eyespot. Flies July–August. Larva feeds on a range of grasses. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
    140403.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    140168.jpg
  • Pebble Hook-tip Drepana falcataria Wingspan 28mm. A well-marked moth with hook-tipped forewings. Adult wing colour varies from orange-brown to grey-buff. Forewings have a dark diagonal line and central eyespot. Double-brooded: flies May–June, and again in August. Larva feeds mainly on birches. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    140043.jpg
  • Svensson's Copper Underwing Amphipyra berbera Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that is very similar to Copper Underwing. Rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often congregates communally in dark places in the daytime. ADULT has brown forewings overall, marked with jagged white and dark lines, and showing a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange flush that extends towards the base of wing on the trailing edge (more extensive than in Copper Underwing). Seen head-on, the palps are dark with whitish tips. Flies July-September. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and generally common in southern and central Britain.
    115123.jpg
  • Scallop Shell Rheumaptera undulata Wingspan 25-30. A beautiful moth with fantastically intricate patterning on wings. Adult has wings marked with numerous concentric, jagged dark lines; ground colour grades from buffish-white to brown. Flies June-July. Larva feeds on sallows and Bilberry. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central England and Wales.
    141269.jpg
  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    123207.jpg
  • European Larch - Larix decidua Pinaceae. Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    157445.jpg
  • Lime Hawk-moth Mimas tiliae Wingspan 65mm. A beautifully patterned moth whose markings and jagged wing shape give it a resemblance to crumpled, dappled leaves. Adult is typically olive-green with pinkish marbling and darker markings. Flies May–June. Larva is pale green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment, numerous white dots, red spiracles, and red-tinged ‘horn’ at the tail end. Larva feeds mainly on lime. Locally common in lowland southern and central England and Wales.
    140987.jpg
  • European Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    134319.jpg
  • Larch Wood in Winter - Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
 Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    129490.jpg
  • Dot Moth Melanchra persicarieae Length 18-20mm. A striking and aptly-named moth. At rest the wings are usually held in a shallow tent-like manner. Adult has blackish forewings with deep bluish marbling, brown flecks and a white kidney spot. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on a wide range of herbaceous plants. Widespread and very common in southern and central Britain.
    145212.jpg
  • Black Arches Lymantria monacha Length 20-24mm. A strikingly patterned moth that rests with its wings spread flat. Adult has white forewings that are marked with black wavy lines; if wings are spread, pink and black abdomen can be seen. Flies July-August. Larva feeds mainly on oaks. Widespread and common only in southern and central Britain.
    144913.jpg
  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    144766.jpg
  • The Mullein Shargacucullia verbasci Length 25-27mm. A striking, narrow-winged moth whose shape and markings make it resemble a snapped twig. At rest, the wings are held in a tight tent-like manner, and tufts of hairs project from the head end. Adult has buff wings with dark brown leading and trailing edges, and a lengthways pale stripe. Flies April-May. Larva is white with yellow bands and black spots; feeds on mulleins, figworts and Buddleia. Widespread but common only in southern and central Britain.
    144747.jpg
  • The Mullein Shargacucullia verbasci Length 25-27mm. A striking, narrow-winged moth whose shape and markings make it resemble a snapped twig. At rest, the wings are held in a tight tent-like manner, and tufts of hairs project from the head end. Adult has buff wings with dark brown leading and trailing edges, and a lengthways pale stripe. Flies April-May. Larva is white with yellow bands and black spots; feeds on mulleins, figworts and Buddleia. Widespread but common only in southern and central Britain.
    141304.jpg
  • Small Brindled Beauty Apocheima hispidaria Wingspan 30-35mm. A rather sombre-looking moth that appears in late winter. Females are wingless and found on tree trunks. Male rests with wings spread flat; the forewings are yellowish-brown, usually with dark cross bands and lines, and the outer margin is often pale. Head and thorax are ‘hairy’ and antennae are feathery. Flies February-March. Larva feeds on various deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain.
    141226.jpg
  • March Moth  Alsophila aescularia Length 19mm. A distinctive, narrow-winged moth. Wings overlap one another at rest. Adult male has buffish-grey and brown wings; female is wingless and found crawling on tree trunks after dark. Flies March-April. Larva feeds on deciduous trees, notably oaks and Hawthorn. Widespread but commonest in central and southern Britain.
    141210.jpg
  • Small Brindled Beauty Apocheima hispidaria Wingspan 30-35mm. A rather sombre-looking moth that appears in late winter. Females are wingless and found on tree trunks. Male rests with wings spread flat; the forewings are yellowish-brown, usually with dark cross bands and lines, and the outer margin is often pale. Head and thorax are ‘hairy’ and antennae are feathery. Flies February-March. Larva feeds on various deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain.
    141207.jpg
  • Dot Moth Melanchra persicarieae Length 18-20mm. A striking and aptly-named moth. At rest the wings are usually held in a shallow tent-like manner. Adult has blackish forewings with deep bluish marbling, brown flecks and a white kidney spot. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on a wide range of herbaceous plants. Widespread and very common in southern and central Britain.
    140999.jpg
  • Lime Hawk-moth Mimas tiliae Wingspan 65mm. A beautifully patterned moth whose markings and jagged wing shape give it a resemblance to crumpled, dappled leaves. Adult is typically olive-green with pinkish marbling and darker markings. Flies May–June. Larva is pale green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment, numerous white dots, red spiracles, and red-tinged ‘horn’ at the tail end. Larva feeds mainly on lime. Locally common in lowland southern and central England and Wales.
    140987.jpg
  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    140983.jpg
  • Figure of Eighty Tethea ocularis Length 24mm. An appropriately named moth which does indeed have markings on its wings that resemble the number 80. At rest, wings are held wrapped around body. Apart from the white number marking, adult’s forewings are grey-brown. Flies May–July. Larva feeds on Aspen and poplars. Locally common only in southern and central Britain.
    140975.jpg
  • The Mullein Shargacucullia verbasci Length 25-27mm. A striking, narrow-winged moth whose shape and markings make it resemble a snapped twig. At rest, the wings are held in a tight tent-like manner, and tufts of hairs project from the head end. Adult has buff wings with dark brown leading and trailing edges, and a lengthways pale stripe. Flies April-May. Larva is white with yellow bands and black spots; feeds on mulleins, figworts and Buddleia. Widespread but common only in southern and central Britain.
    140957.jpg
  • Privet Hawk-moth Sphinx ligustri Wingspan 100mm. A large and stunning moth. Usually rests with its wing held in a tent-like manner over the body but spreads wings when agitated. Adult has forewings that are brown and marked with darker lines and patches, the pattern recalling tree bark. If alarmed it exposes the pink-striped abdomen and pale pink stripes on the hindwing. Flies June–July. Larva is bright green with purple and white diagonal stripes and a dark-tipped ‘horn’ at the tail end. The head is pale, ringed with black. Larva feeds on Privet and Lilac. Widespread and common in central and southern Britain.
    140838.jpg
  • Privet Hawk-moth Sphinx ligustri Wingspan 100mm. A large and stunning moth. Usually rests with its wing held in a tent-like manner over the body but spreads wings when agitated. Adult has forewings that are brown and marked with darker lines and patches, the pattern recalling tree bark. If alarmed it exposes the pink-striped abdomen and pale pink stripes on the hindwing. Flies June–July. Larva is bright green with purple and white diagonal stripes and a dark-tipped ‘horn’ at the tail end. The head is pale, ringed with black. Larva feeds on Privet and Lilac. Widespread and common in central and southern Britain.
    140837.jpg
  • Red Underwing Catocala nupta Wingspan 65-75mm. A large moth that rests with its wings spread flat. The forewing colours and markings are a good match for weathered timber; at rest they conceal the colourful hindwings, but these are revealed as a shock tactic if the moth is alarmed. Adult has grey and brown forewings and black-barred red underwings. Flies August–September. Larva feeds on willows and poplars. Widespread and fairly common only in southern and central England.
    140689.jpg
  • Old Lady Mormo maura Length 33-35mm. A broad-winged, subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings held flat; it is well camouflaged when resting on weathered fence panels. Sometimes comes indoors through open windows. Adult has grey-brown forewings with bands of dark brown and lilac-grey. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on deciduous shrubs and trees, notably Blackthorn. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
    140687.jpg
  • Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria Wingspan 25-35mm. A distinctive moth with hook-tipped forewings. Adult male has rich brown wings with pale cross lines and dark spots on forewing. Female is larger, with similar markings but buffish forewings and yellow hindwings. Double-brooded: flies May–June, and again in August.  Larva has an angular appearance and feeds on oak leaves. Common only in southern and central Britain.
    140669.jpg
  • Red Underwing Catocala nupta Wingspan 65-75mm. A large moth that rests with its wings spread flat. The forewing colours and markings are a good match for weathered timber; at rest they conceal the colourful hindwings, but these are revealed as a shock tactic if the moth is alarmed. Adult has grey and brown forewings and black-barred red underwings. Flies August–September. Larva feeds on willows and poplars. Widespread and fairly common only in southern and central England.
    140663.jpg
  • Dusky Thorn Ennamos fuscantaria Wingspan 36-40mm. An attractive moth that rests with its wings held at acute angle creating a leaf-like appearance. Adult has angular, jagged margins to its wings. The forewings are divided into three by two dark lines: outer third is dusky brown while inner two thirds are yellowish brown. Flies August-September. Larava feeds on Ash. Common only in central and southern Britain.
    140650.jpg
  • Pale Prominent Pterostoma palpina Length 30mm. A distinctive, elongated moth that resembles a fragment of wood. Adult has pale greyish-buff forewings; seen sideways on it has prominences along the back, palps that project at head end, and a projecting tufted tip to the abdomen. Double-brooded in the south: flies May–June, and again in August. Larva feeds on sallows and Aspen. Widespread and common in southern and central England and Wales; more local further north.
    140598.jpg
  • Red Underwing Catocala nupta Wingspan 65-75mm. A large moth that rests with its wings spread flat. The forewing colours and markings are a good match for weathered timber; at rest they conceal the colourful hindwings, but these are revealed as a shock tactic if the moth is alarmed. Adult has grey and brown forewings and black-barred red underwings. Flies August–September. Larva feeds on willows and poplars. Widespread and fairly common only in southern and central England.
    140454.jpg
  • Red Underwing Catocala nupta Wingspan 65-75mm. A large moth that rests with its wings spread flat. The forewing colours and markings are a good match for weathered timber; at rest they conceal the colourful hindwings, but these are revealed as a shock tactic if the moth is alarmed. Adult has grey and brown forewings and black-barred red underwings. Flies August–September. Larva feeds on willows and poplars. Widespread and fairly common only in southern and central England.
    140453.jpg
  • Red Underwing Catocala nupta Wingspan 65-75mm. A large moth that rests with its wings spread flat. The forewing colours and markings are a good match for weathered timber; at rest they conceal the colourful hindwings, but these are revealed as a shock tactic if the moth is alarmed. Adult has grey and brown forewings and black-barred red underwings. Flies August–September. Larva feeds on willows and poplars. Widespread and fairly common only in southern and central England.
    140438.jpg
  • Red Underwing Catocala nupta Wingspan 65-75mm. A large moth that rests with its wings spread flat. The forewing colours and markings are a good match for weathered timber; at rest they conceal the colourful hindwings, but these are revealed as a shock tactic if the moth is alarmed. Adult has grey and brown forewings and black-barred red underwings. Flies August–September. Larva feeds on willows and poplars. Widespread and fairly common only in southern and central England.
    140439.jpg
  • Old Lady Mormo maura Length 33-35mm. A broad-winged, subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings held flat; it is well camouflaged when resting on weathered fence panels. Sometimes comes indoors through open windows. Adult has grey-brown forewings with bands of dark brown and lilac-grey. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on deciduous shrubs and trees, notably Blackthorn. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
    140392.jpg
  • Old Lady Mormo maura Length 33-35mm. A broad-winged, subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings held flat; it is well camouflaged when resting on weathered fence panels. Sometimes comes indoors through open windows. Adult has grey-brown forewings with bands of dark brown and lilac-grey. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on deciduous shrubs and trees, notably Blackthorn. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
    140391.jpg
  • Peach Blossom Thyatira batis Length 17mm. A splendid and well-marked moth. Adult has brown forewings with striking pinkish spots and blotches, some of which are brown-centred. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Bramble. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain; scarce further north. Favours hedgerows and scrub where the larval foodplant flourishes.
    140359.jpg
  • Chinese Character Cilix glaucata Length 12-13mm. An interesting moth: at rest on a leaf it looks remarkably like a bird-dropping. Adult has whitish forewings, blotched with brown and purplish-blue. Double-brooded: flies May-June, and again in August. Larva feeds on Hawthorn, Blackthorn and Bramble. Locally common in southern and central England.
    140248.jpg
  • Black Arches Lymantria monacha Length 20-24mm. A strikingly patterned moth that rests with its wings spread flat. Adult has white forewings that are marked with black wavy lines; if wings are spread, pink and black abdomen can be seen. Flies July-August. Larva feeds mainly on oaks. Widespread and common only in southern and central Britain.
    140246.jpg
  • Black Arches Lymantria monacha Length 20-24mm. A strikingly patterned moth that rests with its wings spread flat. Adult has white forewings that are marked with black wavy lines; if wings are spread, pink and black abdomen can be seen. Flies July-August. Larva feeds mainly on oaks. Widespread and common only in southern and central Britain.
    140134.jpg
  • Eyed Hawk-moth Smerinthus ocellatus Wingspan 80mm. An aptly named moth with bold and striking ‘eye’ markings on the hindwings. These are exposed (as a deterrent to predators) only when moth is startled and hidden by the forewings when resting. Adult has marbled grey-brown forewings. Flies May–July. Larva is bright green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment and a ‘horn’ at the tail end. Feeds on willows and apple. Common only in southern and central Britain.
    140077.jpg
  • Eyed Hawk-moth Smerinthus ocellatus Wingspan 80mm. An aptly named moth with bold and striking ‘eye’ markings on the hindwings. These are exposed (as a deterrent to predators) only when moth is startled and hidden by the forewings when resting. Adult has marbled grey-brown forewings. Flies May–July. Larva is bright green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment and a ‘horn’ at the tail end. Feeds on willows and apple. Common only in southern and central Britain.
    140075.jpg
  • Figure of Eight Diloba caeruleocephala Length 20-22mm. An aptly-named autumn-flying moth that rests with its wings held in a tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown forewings with a white mark that looks like the figure 8. Flies October-November. Larva feeds on hawthorns, Blackthorn and apples. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain.
    137033.jpg
  • March Moth  Alsophila aescularia Length 19mm. A distinctive, narrow-winged moth. Wings overlap one another at rest. Adult male has buffish-grey and brown wings; female is wingless and found crawling on tree trunks after dark. Flies March-April. Larva feeds on deciduous trees, notably oaks and Hawthorn. Widespread but commonest in central and southern Britain.
    136223.jpg
  • Pale Tussock Calliteara pudibunda Length 27-30mm. A beautiful pale moth whose abdomen and front legs are covered in fluffy hairs. It rests with the wings held in a shallow tent-like manner. Adult has whitish-grey or greyish-buff wings, marked with faint, dark cross lines. Flies May–June. Larva has a blackish body covered in yellow bristly hairs; feeds on various deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    134175.jpg
  • Privet Hawk-moth Sphinx ligustri Wingspan 100mm. A large and stunning moth. Usually rests with its wing held in a tent-like manner over the body but spreads wings when agitated. Adult has forewings that are brown and marked with darker lines and patches, the pattern recalling tree bark. If alarmed it exposes the pink-striped abdomen and pale pink stripes on the hindwing. Flies June–July. Larva is bright green with purple and white diagonal stripes and a dark-tipped ‘horn’ at the tail end. The head is pale, ringed with black. Larva feeds on Privet and Lilac. Widespread and common in central and southern Britain.
    133166.jpg
  • Privet Hawk-moth Sphinx ligustri Wingspan 100mm. A large and stunning moth. Usually rests with its wing held in a tent-like manner over the body but spreads wings when agitated. Adult has forewings that are brown and marked with darker lines and patches, the pattern recalling tree bark. If alarmed it exposes the pink-striped abdomen and pale pink stripes on the hindwing. Flies June–July. Larva is bright green with purple and white diagonal stripes and a dark-tipped ‘horn’ at the tail end. The head is pale, ringed with black. Larva feeds on Privet and Lilac. Widespread and common in central and southern Britain.
    130990.jpg
  • Red Underwing Catocala nupta Wingspan 65-75mm. A large moth that rests with its wings spread flat. The forewing colours and markings are a good match for weathered timber; at rest they conceal the colourful hindwings, but these are revealed as a shock tactic if the moth is alarmed. Adult has grey and brown forewings and black-barred red underwings. Flies August–September. Larva feeds on willows and poplars. Widespread and fairly common only in southern and central England.
    128657.jpg
  • Pale Tussock Calliteara pudibunda Length 27-30mm. A beautiful pale moth whose abdomen and front legs are covered in fluffy hairs. It rests with the wings held in a shallow tent-like manner. Adult has whitish-grey or greyish-buff wings, marked with faint, dark cross lines. Flies May–June. Larva has a blackish body covered in yellow bristly hairs; feeds on various deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    129623.jpg
  • Privet Hawk-moth Sphinx ligustri Wingspan 100mm. A large and stunning moth. Usually rests with its wing held in a tent-like manner over the body but spreads wings when agitated. Adult has forewings that are brown and marked with darker lines and patches, the pattern recalling tree bark. If alarmed it exposes the pink-striped abdomen and pale pink stripes on the hindwing. Flies June–July. Larva is bright green with purple and white diagonal stripes and a dark-tipped ‘horn’ at the tail end. The head is pale, ringed with black. Larva feeds on Privet and Lilac. Widespread and common in central and southern Britain.
    128092.jpg
  • Figure of Eighty Tethea ocularis Length 24mm. An appropriately named moth which does indeed have markings on its wings that resemble the number 80. At rest, wings are held wrapped around body. Apart from the white number marking, adult’s forewings are grey-brown. Flies May–July. Larva feeds on Aspen and poplars. Locally common only in southern and central Britain.
    128020.jpg
  • Lime Hawk-moth Mimas tiliae Wingspan 65mm. A beautifully patterned moth whose markings and jagged wing shape give it a resemblance to crumpled, dappled leaves. Adult is typically olive-green with pinkish marbling and darker markings. Flies May–June. Larva is pale green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment, numerous white dots, red spiracles, and red-tinged ‘horn’ at the tail end. Larva feeds mainly on lime. Locally common in lowland southern and central England and Wales.
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  • Eyed Hawk-moth Smerinthus ocellatus Wingspan 80mm. An aptly named moth with bold and striking ‘eye’ markings on the hindwings. These are exposed (as a deterrent to predators) only when moth is startled and hidden by the forewings when resting. Adult has marbled grey-brown forewings. Flies May–July. Larva is bright green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment and a ‘horn’ at the tail end. Feeds on willows and apple. Common only in southern and central Britain.
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  • Eyed Hawk-moth Smerinthus ocellatus Wingspan 80mm. An aptly named moth with bold and striking ‘eye’ markings on the hindwings. These are exposed (as a deterrent to predators) only when moth is startled and hidden by the forewings when resting. Adult has marbled grey-brown forewings. Flies May–July. Larva is bright green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment and a ‘horn’ at the tail end. Feeds on willows and apple. Common only in southern and central Britain.
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  • Peach Blossom Thyatira batis Length 17mm. A splendid and well-marked moth. Adult has brown forewings with striking pinkish spots and blotches, some of which are brown-centred. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Bramble. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain; scarce further north. Favours hedgerows and scrub where the larval foodplant flourishes.
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  • Chinese Character Cilix glaucata Length 12-13mm. An interesting moth: at rest on a leaf it looks remarkably like a bird-dropping. Adult has whitish forewings, blotched with brown and purplish-blue. Double-brooded: flies May-June, and again in August. Larva feeds on Hawthorn, Blackthorn and Bramble. Locally common in southern and central England.
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  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
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  • Blotched Emerald Comibaena pustulata Wingspan 30mm. A colourful and well-marked moth whose wings are held spread flat at rest. Adult has emerald-green wings with blotched brown and white patches. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on oaks and Hazel. Locally common only in southern and central England.
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  • Eyed Hawk-moth Smerinthus ocellatus Wingspan 80mm. An aptly named moth with bold and striking ‘eye’ markings on the hindwings. These are exposed (as a deterrent to predators) only when moth is startled and hidden by the forewings when resting. Adult has marbled grey-brown forewings. Flies May–July. Larva is bright green with a pale diagonal stripe on each segment and a ‘horn’ at the tail end. Feeds on willows and apple. Common only in southern and central Britain.
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  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Willow-leaved Pear Pyrus salicifolia (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. Small deciduous tree with a rounded crown. BARK Rough, scaly and usually dark brown. BRANCHES Mostly level with pendulous, very downy twigs. LEAVES Narrow, to 9cm long, like willow leaves: silvery-grey on both surfaces at first, but greener on upper surface later in season. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White flowers, to 2cm across, usually open at same time as leaves. Fruit is about 3cm long, pear-shaped or sometimes more pointed, and brown when ripe, on a downy pedicel. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central Asia. Grown here for ornament.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Saint Lucie Cherry Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Often little more than a spreading shrub, but sometimes a small tree. BARK Greyish-brown and ringed with brown lenticels. BRANCHES Spreading, the young twigs covered with short greyish hairs and often slightly weeping at the tips. LEAVES Alternate, up to 7cm long and almost rounded, with a short point at the tip and a rounded or nearly heart-shaped base. The margin is finely toothed, the upper surface is glossy and the lower surface finely downy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white, scented flowers, which open in April–May, grow in clusters of 3–10 in groups of racemes at the end of leafy shoots. The 5 petals are about 8mm long and surround the yellowish anthers. The fruit is a 0.6–1cm-long ovate or rounded black berry with bitter-tasting flesh surrounding a smooth rounded stone. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of central and S Europe, growing in woodland glades and thickets. Planted in our region for ornament and naturalised occasionally.
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  • Saint Lucie Cherry Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Often little more than a spreading shrub, but sometimes a small tree. BARK Greyish-brown and ringed with brown lenticels. BRANCHES Spreading, the young twigs covered with short greyish hairs and often slightly weeping at the tips. LEAVES Alternate, up to 7cm long and almost rounded, with a short point at the tip and a rounded or nearly heart-shaped base. The margin is finely toothed, the upper surface is glossy and the lower surface finely downy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white, scented flowers, which open in April–May, grow in clusters of 3–10 in groups of racemes at the end of leafy shoots. The 5 petals are about 8mm long and surround the yellowish anthers. The fruit is a 0.6–1cm-long ovate or rounded black berry with bitter-tasting flesh surrounding a smooth rounded stone. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of central and S Europe, growing in woodland glades and thickets. Planted in our region for ornament and naturalised occasionally.
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  • Cornelian-cherry Cornus mas (Cornaceae) HEIGHT to 8m <br />
Small, spreading deciduous tree with an untidy crown. BARK Reddish brown. BRANCHES Mostly level, ending in numerous greenish-yellow, slightly downy twigs. LEAVES Opposite, short-stalked, ovate and pointed, to 10cm long and 4cm wide with rounded bases; dull green above and slightly downy with entire margins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers in small stalked heads, about 2cm across, consist of up to 25 small yellow flowers, each about 4mm across. Flowers open early in year, well before leaves. Fruit is a short-stalked, pendulous, bright-red, fleshy berry, to 2cm long, with pitted apex and acid taste. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of scrub and open woodlands in central and SE Europe, grown here for its winter flowers and edible fruits. Naturalised occasionally.
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  • Cornelian-cherry Cornus mas (Cornaceae) HEIGHT to 8m <br />
Small, spreading deciduous tree with an untidy crown. BARK Reddish brown. BRANCHES Mostly level, ending in numerous greenish-yellow, slightly downy twigs. LEAVES Opposite, short-stalked, ovate and pointed, to 10cm long and 4cm wide with rounded bases; dull green above and slightly downy with entire margins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers in small stalked heads, about 2cm across, consist of up to 25 small yellow flowers, each about 4mm across. Flowers open early in year, well before leaves. Fruit is a short-stalked, pendulous, bright-red, fleshy berry, to 2cm long, with pitted apex and acid taste. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of scrub and open woodlands in central and SE Europe, grown here for its winter flowers and edible fruits. Naturalised occasionally.
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  • Bridewort Spiraea salicifolia (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 2m<br />
Much-divided shrub that suckers freely. BRANCHES Whip-like and mainly upright. BARK Reddish brown. LEAVES Elliptical to narrowly oval, the margin toothed towards the tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS With pink petals, in frothy conical to cylindrical heads. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and E Europe, popularly grown in gardens here and naturalised occasionally.
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  • Manna Ash Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae) HEIGHT to 24m <br />
Medium-sized deciduous tree with a flattish crown. BARK Smooth dark-grey, sometimes almost black. BRANCHES With smooth, grey twigs, sometimes yellow-tinged, ending in greyish, white-bloomed buds. LEAVES Opposite, pinnate, to 30cm long with up to 9 ovate, toothed leaflets, each one to 10cm long and downy, with white or brown hairs on veins beneath. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Showy, creamy-white, fragrant flowers open with leaves. Each flower has 4 petals about 6mm long; they hang in clusters about 20cm across. Narrow-winged fruits, to 2cm long, hang in dense clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and S Europe and SW Asia, and planted here as a street tree or for ornamental value.
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  • Laburnum Laburnum anagyroides (Fabaceae) HEIGHT to 7m<br />
Deciduous tree with narrow, sparse crown and slender bole. BARK Smooth, greenish-brown, marked with blemishes. BRANCHES Often slightly pendulous; shoots grey-green with long, silky, clinging hairs. LEAVES Alternate, divided into three, each leaflet to 8cm long, elliptic and blunt-pointed at tip, on a 2–6cm-long petiole; hairy below when young. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow, fragrant pea-like flowers appear copiously in 10–30cm-long pendulous racemes in early summer. Pods, to 6cm long, have smooth blackish-brown, dry outer skin. Persist on tree, twisting open to reveal pale inner skin and dark seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of S and central Europe, planted here for ornament; sometimes naturalised
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  • Saint Lucie Cherry Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. Often little more than a spreading shrub, but sometimes a small tree. BARK Greyish-brown and ringed with brown lenticels. BRANCHES Spreading, the young twigs covered with short greyish hairs and often slightly weeping at the tips. LEAVES Alternate, up to 7cm long and almost rounded, with a short point at the tip and a rounded or nearly heart-shaped base. The margin is finely toothed, the upper surface is glossy and the lower surface finely downy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The white, scented flowers, which open in April–May, grow in clusters of 3–10 in groups of racemes at the end of leafy shoots. The 5 petals are about 8mm long and surround the yellowish anthers. The fruit is a 0.6–1cm-long ovate or rounded black berry with bitter-tasting flesh surrounding a smooth rounded stone. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION A native of central and S Europe, growing in woodland glades and thickets. Planted in our region for ornament and naturalised occasionally.
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  • Willow-leaved Pear Pyrus salicifolia (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. Small deciduous tree with a rounded crown. BARK Rough, scaly and usually dark brown. BRANCHES Mostly level with pendulous, very downy twigs. LEAVES Narrow, to 9cm long, like willow leaves: silvery-grey on both surfaces at first, but greener on upper surface later in season. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White flowers, to 2cm across, usually open at same time as leaves. Fruit is about 3cm long, pear-shaped or sometimes more pointed, and brown when ripe, on a downy pedicel. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central Asia. Grown here for ornament.
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  • Willow-leaved Pear Pyrus salicifolia (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. Small deciduous tree with a rounded crown. BARK Rough, scaly and usually dark brown. BRANCHES Mostly level with pendulous, very downy twigs. LEAVES Narrow, to 9cm long, like willow leaves: silvery-grey on both surfaces at first, but greener on upper surface later in season. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White flowers, to 2cm across, usually open at same time as leaves. Fruit is about 3cm long, pear-shaped or sometimes more pointed, and brown when ripe, on a downy pedicel. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central Asia. Grown here for ornament.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Green Alder Alnus viridis (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 5m <br />
Rarely more than a large shrub or small tree. BARK Brown. BRANCHES With mostly smooth, greenish twigs and pointed, sessile, shiny-red buds. LEAVES More pointed than those of Common Alder and sharply toothed, hairy on the midrib and in the joins of the veins on the underside. When first open they are sticky to the touch. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male catkins, appearing with the leaves, are up to 12cm, yellow and pendulous; female catkins are 1cm long, erect and greenish at first, becoming reddish later, and usually found in stalked clusters of 3–5. The cone-like ripe catkins are rounded, green and tough at first, becoming blackened later and persisting until the following spring. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the mountains of central and E Europe, planted here for ornament.
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  • Manna Ash Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae) HEIGHT to 24m <br />
Medium-sized deciduous tree with a flattish crown. BARK Smooth dark-grey, sometimes almost black. BRANCHES With smooth, grey twigs, sometimes yellow-tinged, ending in greyish, white-bloomed buds. LEAVES Opposite, pinnate, to 30cm long with up to 9 ovate, toothed leaflets, each one to 10cm long and downy, with white or brown hairs on veins beneath. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Showy, creamy-white, fragrant flowers open with leaves. Each flower has 4 petals about 6mm long; they hang in clusters about 20cm across. Narrow-winged fruits, to 2cm long, hang in dense clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and S Europe and SW Asia, and planted here as a street tree or for ornamental value.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Laburnum Laburnum anagyroides (Fabaceae) HEIGHT to 7m<br />
Deciduous tree with narrow, sparse crown and slender bole. BARK Smooth, greenish-brown, marked with blemishes. BRANCHES Often slightly pendulous; shoots grey-green with long, silky, clinging hairs. LEAVES Alternate, divided into three, each leaflet to 8cm long, elliptic and blunt-pointed at tip, on a 2–6cm-long petiole; hairy below when young. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow, fragrant pea-like flowers appear copiously in 10–30cm-long pendulous racemes in early summer. Pods, to 6cm long, have smooth blackish-brown, dry outer skin. Persist on tree, twisting open to reveal pale inner skin and dark seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of S and central Europe, planted here for ornament; sometimes naturalised
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  • Hungarian Oak Quercus frainetto (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 30m<br />
Deciduous, rapid-growing oak that forms a fine, broadly domed tree. BARK Pale grey and finely fissured, breaking into fine ridges. BRANCHES Largest are long and straight, emerging from a sturdy bole; terminate in finely downy greyish-green or<br />
brownish twigs. LEAVES Large, deeply lobed, to 25cm long and 14cm wide. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Pendulous yellow catkins appear in May and early June; acorns are borne in cups about 1.2cm deep covered in downy, blunt, overlapping scales. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native to Balkans, central Europe and S Italy. Planted here for its splendid appearance when mature.
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  • Hungarian Oak Quercus frainetto (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 30m<br />
Deciduous, rapid-growing oak that forms a fine, broadly domed tree. BARK Pale grey and finely fissured, breaking into fine ridges. BRANCHES Largest are long and straight, emerging from a sturdy bole; terminate in finely downy greyish-green or<br />
brownish twigs. LEAVES Large, deeply lobed, to 25cm long and 14cm wide. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Pendulous yellow catkins appear in May and early June; acorns are borne in cups about 1.2cm deep covered in downy, blunt, overlapping scales. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native to Balkans, central Europe and S Italy. Planted here for its splendid appearance when mature.
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  • Manna Ash Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae) HEIGHT to 24m <br />
Medium-sized deciduous tree with a flattish crown. BARK Smooth dark-grey, sometimes almost black. BRANCHES With smooth, grey twigs, sometimes yellow-tinged, ending in greyish, white-bloomed buds. LEAVES Opposite, pinnate, to 30cm long with up to 9 ovate, toothed leaflets, each one to 10cm long and downy, with white or brown hairs on veins beneath. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Showy, creamy-white, fragrant flowers open with leaves. Each flower has 4 petals about 6mm long; they hang in clusters about 20cm across. Narrow-winged fruits, to 2cm long, hang in dense clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and S Europe and SW Asia, and planted here as a street tree or for ornamental value.
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  • Manna Ash Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae) HEIGHT to 24m <br />
Medium-sized deciduous tree with a flattish crown. BARK Smooth dark-grey, sometimes almost black. BRANCHES With smooth, grey twigs, sometimes yellow-tinged, ending in greyish, white-bloomed buds. LEAVES Opposite, pinnate, to 30cm long with up to 9 ovate, toothed leaflets, each one to 10cm long and downy, with white or brown hairs on veins beneath. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Showy, creamy-white, fragrant flowers open with leaves. Each flower has 4 petals about 6mm long; they hang in clusters about 20cm across. Narrow-winged fruits, to 2cm long, hang in dense clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and S Europe and SW Asia, and planted here as a street tree or for ornamental value.
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  • Manna Ash Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae) HEIGHT to 24m <br />
Medium-sized deciduous tree with a flattish crown. BARK Smooth dark-grey, sometimes almost black. BRANCHES With smooth, grey twigs, sometimes yellow-tinged, ending in greyish, white-bloomed buds. LEAVES Opposite, pinnate, to 30cm long with up to 9 ovate, toothed leaflets, each one to 10cm long and downy, with white or brown hairs on veins beneath. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Showy, creamy-white, fragrant flowers open with leaves. Each flower has 4 petals about 6mm long; they hang in clusters about 20cm across. Narrow-winged fruits, to 2cm long, hang in dense clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and S Europe and SW Asia, and planted here as a street tree or for ornamental value.
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  • Laburnum Laburnum anagyroides (Fabaceae) HEIGHT to 7m<br />
Deciduous tree with narrow, sparse crown and slender bole. BARK Smooth, greenish-brown, marked with blemishes. BRANCHES Often slightly pendulous; shoots grey-green with long, silky, clinging hairs. LEAVES Alternate, divided into three, each leaflet to 8cm long, elliptic and blunt-pointed at tip, on a 2–6cm-long petiole; hairy below when young. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow, fragrant pea-like flowers appear copiously in 10–30cm-long pendulous racemes in early summer. Pods, to 6cm long, have smooth blackish-brown, dry outer skin. Persist on tree, twisting open to reveal pale inner skin and dark seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of S and central Europe, planted here for ornament; sometimes naturalised
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  • Laburnum Laburnum anagyroides (Fabaceae) HEIGHT to 7m<br />
Deciduous tree with narrow, sparse crown and slender bole. BARK Smooth, greenish-brown, marked with blemishes. BRANCHES Often slightly pendulous; shoots grey-green with long, silky, clinging hairs. LEAVES Alternate, divided into three, each leaflet to 8cm long, elliptic and blunt-pointed at tip, on a 2–6cm-long petiole; hairy below when young. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow, fragrant pea-like flowers appear copiously in 10–30cm-long pendulous racemes in early summer. Pods, to 6cm long, have smooth blackish-brown, dry outer skin. Persist on tree, twisting open to reveal pale inner skin and dark seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of S and central Europe, planted here for ornament; sometimes naturalised
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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