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  • Persian Ironwood Parrotia persica (Hamamelidaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. A small, spreading deciduous tree with a short bole. BARK Smooth, peels away in flakes, leaving attractive coloured patches; older trees have a pattern of pink, brown and yellow. BRANCHES Mostly level. Young twigs are hairy, and terminate in blackish hairy buds. LEAVES To 7.5cm long, oval with a slightly tapering tip and a rounded base. The margins are wavy or sometimes slightly toothed. They are glossy green above and appear slightly crushed or crinkled, and the underside is slightly hairy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers appear before the leaves in early spring; they are short-stalked clusters, reddish and inconspicuous. The fruits are dry capsules that split open to release small pointed, shiny-brown seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus and N Iran, introduced into Europe as an ornamental tree.
    132771.jpg
  • Persian Ironwood Parrotia persica (Hamamelidaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. A small, spreading deciduous tree with a short bole. BARK Smooth, peels away in flakes, leaving attractive coloured patches; older trees have a pattern of pink, brown and yellow. BRANCHES Mostly level. Young twigs are hairy, and terminate in blackish hairy buds. LEAVES To 7.5cm long, oval with a slightly tapering tip and a rounded base. The margins are wavy or sometimes slightly toothed. They are glossy green above and appear slightly crushed or crinkled, and the underside is slightly hairy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers appear before the leaves in early spring; they are short-stalked clusters, reddish and inconspicuous. The fruits are dry capsules that split open to release small pointed, shiny-brown seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus and N Iran, introduced into Europe as an ornamental tree.
    134338.jpg
  • Persian Ironwood Parrotia persica (Hamamelidaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. A small, spreading deciduous tree with a short bole. BARK Smooth, peels away in flakes, leaving attractive coloured patches; older trees have a pattern of pink, brown and yellow. BRANCHES Mostly level. Young twigs are hairy, and terminate in blackish hairy buds. LEAVES To 7.5cm long, oval with a slightly tapering tip and a rounded base. The margins are wavy or sometimes slightly toothed. They are glossy green above and appear slightly crushed or crinkled, and the underside is slightly hairy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers appear before the leaves in early spring; they are short-stalked clusters, reddish and inconspicuous. The fruits are dry capsules that split open to release small pointed, shiny-brown seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus and N Iran, introduced into Europe as an ornamental tree.
    135132.jpg
  • Oriental Spruce Picea orientalis (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 40m<br />
Dense-foliaged evergreen growing into a strongly conical tree on a short, stout bole. BARK pale brown and scaly. BRANCNES slender with numerous hairy twigs. LEAVES Very short, blunt needles, to 1cm long, arise all round shoots, but leave more open area on the lower surface; dark green and glossy above and square in cross-section. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Small male flowers are red then yellow. Female cones, to 8cm long, are pendent and ovoid, often curved and green with purple or grey tinges when still growing, ripening to shiny brown. STATUS AND DISTRUBUTION Native of mountain forests of Caucasus and NE Turkey, widely planted here for ornament, and occasionally for commercial forestry.
    132773.jpg
  • Oriental Beech Fagus orientalis (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 23m Leaves are larger than those of Common Beech and widely separated, with 7 or more pairs of veins. A native of the Balkans, Asia Minor and the Caucasus, rare elsewhere. Grows vigorously and forms a fine tree in good conditions.
    133801.jpg
  • Oriental Beech Fagus orientalis (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 23m Leaves are larger than those of Common Beech and widely separated, with 7 or more pairs of veins. A native of the Balkans, Asia Minor and the Caucasus, rare elsewhere. Grows vigorously and forms a fine tree in good conditions.
    133802.jpg
  • Oriental Beech Fagus orientalis (Fagaceae) HEIGHT to 23m Leaves are larger than those of Common Beech and widely separated, with 7 or more pairs of veins. A native of the Balkans, Asia Minor and the Caucasus, rare elsewhere. Grows vigorously and forms a fine tree in good conditions.
    133779.jpg
  • Persian Ironwood Parrotia persica (Hamamelidaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. A small, spreading deciduous tree with a short bole. BARK Smooth, peels away in flakes, leaving attractive coloured patches; older trees have a pattern of pink, brown and yellow. BRANCHES Mostly level. Young twigs are hairy, and terminate in blackish hairy buds. LEAVES To 7.5cm long, oval with a slightly tapering tip and a rounded base. The margins are wavy or sometimes slightly toothed. They are glossy green above and appear slightly crushed or crinkled, and the underside is slightly hairy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers appear before the leaves in early spring; they are short-stalked clusters, reddish and inconspicuous. The fruits are dry capsules that split open to release small pointed, shiny-brown seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus and N Iran, introduced into Europe as an ornamental tree.
    132774.jpg
  • Persian Ironwood Parrotia persica (Hamamelidaceae) HEIGHT to 12m. A small, spreading deciduous tree with a short bole. BARK Smooth, peels away in flakes, leaving attractive coloured patches; older trees have a pattern of pink, brown and yellow. BRANCHES Mostly level. Young twigs are hairy, and terminate in blackish hairy buds. LEAVES To 7.5cm long, oval with a slightly tapering tip and a rounded base. The margins are wavy or sometimes slightly toothed. They are glossy green above and appear slightly crushed or crinkled, and the underside is slightly hairy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers appear before the leaves in early spring; they are short-stalked clusters, reddish and inconspicuous. The fruits are dry capsules that split open to release small pointed, shiny-brown seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus and N Iran, introduced into Europe as an ornamental tree.
    132770.jpg
  • Oriental Spruce Picea orientalis (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 40m<br />
Dense-foliaged evergreen growing into a strongly conical tree on a short, stout bole. BARK pale brown and scaly. BRANCNES slender with numerous hairy twigs. LEAVES Very short, blunt needles, to 1cm long, arise all round shoots, but leave more open area on the lower surface; dark green and glossy above and square in cross-section. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Small male flowers are red then yellow. Female cones, to 8cm long, are pendent and ovoid, often curved and green with purple or grey tinges when still growing, ripening to shiny brown. STATUS AND DISTRUBUTION Native of mountain forests of Caucasus and NE Turkey, widely planted here for ornament, and occasionally for commercial forestry.
    132619.jpg
  • Oriental Spruce Picea orientalis (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 40m<br />
Dense-foliaged evergreen growing into a strongly conical tree on a short, stout bole. BARK pale brown and scaly. BRANCNES slender with numerous hairy twigs. LEAVES Very short, blunt needles, to 1cm long, arise all round shoots, but leave more open area on the lower surface; dark green and glossy above and square in cross-section. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Small male flowers are red then yellow. Female cones, to 8cm long, are pendent and ovoid, often curved and green with purple or grey tinges when still growing, ripening to shiny brown. STATUS AND DISTRUBUTION Native of mountain forests of Caucasus and NE Turkey, widely planted here for ornament, and occasionally for commercial forestry.
    132617.jpg
  • Caucasian Elm Zelkova carpinifolia 31m. Has a dense, multi-stemmed crown composed of numerous almost upright branches. Bole, to 3m, is heavily ridged. BARK Greyish and flaking; falls away in rounded scales exposing orange patches. BRANCHES Youngest twigs are greenish with whitish down. LEAVES To 10cm long, oval and pointed with rounded teeth and 6–12 pairs of veins. Upper surface is dark green and slightly hairy, lower surface is slightly paler with hairs on either side of veins. Petiole is very short, to 2mm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers, pro¬¬duced in April, are sessile clusters of yellow-green stamens arising from older, leafless part of twig. Female flowers are solitary and in axils of last few leaves on shoot. Fruits are spherical, to 5mm across and slightly 4-winged. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus, grown here for ornament.
    132521.jpg
  • Caucasian Elm Zelkova carpinifolia 31m. Has a dense, multi-stemmed crown composed of numerous almost upright branches. Bole, to 3m, is heavily ridged. BARK Greyish and flaking; falls away in rounded scales exposing orange patches. BRANCHES Youngest twigs are greenish with whitish down. LEAVES To 10cm long, oval and pointed with rounded teeth and 6–12 pairs of veins. Upper surface is dark green and slightly hairy, lower surface is slightly paler with hairs on either side of veins. Petiole is very short, to 2mm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers, pro¬¬duced in April, are sessile clusters of yellow-green stamens arising from older, leafless part of twig. Female flowers are solitary and in axils of last few leaves on shoot. Fruits are spherical, to 5mm across and slightly 4-winged. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus, grown here for ornament.
    132503.jpg
  • Oriental Spruce Picea orientalis (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 40m<br />
Dense-foliaged evergreen growing into a strongly conical tree on a short, stout bole. BARK pale brown and scaly. BRANCNES slender with numerous hairy twigs. LEAVES Very short, blunt needles, to 1cm long, arise all round shoots, but leave more open area on the lower surface; dark green and glossy above and square in cross-section. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Small male flowers are red then yellow. Female cones, to 8cm long, are pendent and ovoid, often curved and green with purple or grey tinges when still growing, ripening to shiny brown. STATUS AND DISTRUBUTION Native of mountain forests of Caucasus and NE Turkey, widely planted here for ornament, and occasionally for commercial forestry.
    132363.jpg
  • Oriental Spruce Picea orientalis (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 40m<br />
Dense-foliaged evergreen growing into a strongly conical tree on a short, stout bole. BARK pale brown and scaly. BRANCNES slender with numerous hairy twigs. LEAVES Very short, blunt needles, to 1cm long, arise all round shoots, but leave more open area on the lower surface; dark green and glossy above and square in cross-section. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Small male flowers are red then yellow. Female cones, to 8cm long, are pendent and ovoid, often curved and green with purple or grey tinges when still growing, ripening to shiny brown. STATUS AND DISTRUBUTION Native of mountain forests of Caucasus and NE Turkey, widely planted here for ornament, and occasionally for commercial forestry.
    132616.jpg
  • Cappadocian Maple Acer cappadocicum (Aceraceae) HEIGHT to 25m. Broadly domed tree. BARK Grey and smooth. BRANCHES With crimson young twigs. LEAVES To 15cm long, with 5 untoothed lobes tipped with ‘whiskers’; dark green above with hair tufts on vein axils below; leaves turn yellow in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow flowers in erect, branched heads. Fruits green with paired wings. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native from Caucasus eastwards, planted here for ornament.
    134834.jpg
  • Caucasian Elm Zelkova carpinifolia 31m. Has a dense, multi-stemmed crown composed of numerous almost upright branches. Bole, to 3m, is heavily ridged. BARK Greyish and flaking; falls away in rounded scales exposing orange patches. BRANCHES Youngest twigs are greenish with whitish down. LEAVES To 10cm long, oval and pointed with rounded teeth and 6–12 pairs of veins. Upper surface is dark green and slightly hairy, lower surface is slightly paler with hairs on either side of veins. Petiole is very short, to 2mm long. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers, pro¬¬duced in April, are sessile clusters of yellow-green stamens arising from older, leafless part of twig. Female flowers are solitary and in axils of last few leaves on shoot. Fruits are spherical, to 5mm across and slightly 4-winged. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of the Caucasus, grown here for ornament.
    132502.jpg
  • Cappadocian Maple Acer cappadocicum (Aceraceae) HEIGHT to 25m. Broadly domed tree. BARK Grey and smooth. BRANCHES With crimson young twigs. LEAVES To 15cm long, with 5 untoothed lobes tipped with ‘whiskers’; dark green above with hair tufts on vein axils below; leaves turn yellow in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow flowers in erect, branched heads. Fruits green with paired wings. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native from Caucasus eastwards, planted here for ornament.
    120957.jpg
  • Cappadocian Maple Acer cappadocicum (Aceraceae) HEIGHT to 25m. Broadly domed tree. BARK Grey and smooth. BRANCHES With crimson young twigs. LEAVES To 15cm long, with 5 untoothed lobes tipped with ‘whiskers’; dark green above with hair tufts on vein axils below; leaves turn yellow in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow flowers in erect, branched heads. Fruits green with paired wings. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native from Caucasus eastwards, planted here for ornament.
    132913.jpg
  • Cappadocian Maple Acer cappadocicum (Aceraceae) HEIGHT to 25m. Broadly domed tree. BARK Grey and smooth. BRANCHES With crimson young twigs. LEAVES To 15cm long, with 5 untoothed lobes tipped with ‘whiskers’; dark green above with hair tufts on vein axils below; leaves turn yellow in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellow flowers in erect, branched heads. Fruits green with paired wings. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native from Caucasus eastwards, planted here for ornament.
    120953.jpg