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  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    129863.jpg
  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    129695.jpg
  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    135216.jpg
  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    129865.jpg
  • Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae Height to 20m <br />
Open, deciduous tree. Bark Silvery-grey, smooth. Branches Ascending with purple-tinged twigs and hairy buds. Leaves Pinnate, with 5–8 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 6cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers to 1cm across with 5 white petals; in dense heads. Fruits rounded, scarlet, in clusters. Status Locally common native; also widely planted.
    135130.jpg
  • Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae Height to 20m <br />
Open, deciduous tree. Bark Silvery-grey, smooth. Branches Ascending with purple-tinged twigs and hairy buds. Leaves Pinnate, with 5–8 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 6cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers to 1cm across with 5 white petals; in dense heads. Fruits rounded, scarlet, in clusters. Status Locally common native; also widely planted.
    134862.jpg
  • Sorbus lancastriensis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 5m<br />
A shrub or small tree. LEAVES Ovate, the margin with short, sharp teeth; 8-10 pairs of veins and leaves are downy below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers and fruits are borne on slightly downy stalks. Fruits are red, to 1.5cm long, with prominent lenticels when ripe. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Mainly confined to limestone rocks in NW England.
    132664.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    135178.jpg
  • Dwarf Elder Sambucus ebulus (Caprifoliaceae) HEIGHT to 2m<br />
Unpleasant-smelling deciduous shrub or very occasionally a small tree. BARK reddish brown. BRANCHES Arching and grooved, turning red in September. LEAVES Compound, divided into 7-13 narrow leaflets, narrower than those of Elder. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are 3-5mm across and pinkish white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 8-15cm across and appear from June to August. Fruits are black, poisonous berries that are borne in clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Doubtfully native to Britain and Ireland; patchily distributed and generally scarce, being found mainly in the south of the region. Grows in hedgerows and scrub, and on roadside verges.
    135078.jpg
  • Holly Ilex aquifolium Aquifoliaceae Height to 15m <br />
Distinctive evergreen. Bark Silver-grey, fissured with age. Branches Sweep downwards but tips turn up. Leaves To 12cm long, leathery, variably wavy with spiny margins. Reproductive parts White flowers, 6mm across, 4-petalled, clustered in leaf axils; males and females grow on different trees. Fruits are red berries. Status Common native in woods and hedgerows.
    129867.jpg
  • Elder Sambucus nigra Caprifoliaceae Height to 10m<br />
Untidy deciduous shrub or small tree. Bark Grey-brown, furrowed, corky and lichen-covered with age. Branches Spreading, twisted, with white central pith. Leaves Opposite, compound with 5–7 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 12cm long. Reproductive part Flowers, white, sickly-sweet scented, in flat-topped clusters. Fruits are rounded, shiny-black berries, in pendulous heads. Status Common.
    108740.jpg
  • Ash - Fraxinus excelsior
    161308.jpg
  • Ash - Fraxinus excelsior
    161307.jpg
  • Pear-fruited Hawthorn Crataegus pedicellata Height to 7m. Deciduous shrub. Leaves are diamond-shaped to near-palmate with lobed, toothed margins. Flowers are pinkish-white and borne in sprays. Fruits are bright scarlet berries, borne in clusters.
    143303.jpg
  • Cherry-Crab hybrid Malus x zumi (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m<br />
Hybrid crab apple popular for its small red fruits. BARK Reddish brown. BRANCHES Spreading. LEAVES Narrowly oval. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers white, arising from pink buds. Fruits ovoid, to 2cm long; typically red but lemon-yellow in cultivar ‘Golden Hornet’. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Widely planted.
    135447.jpg
  • Cherry-Crab hybrid Malus x zumi (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 9m<br />
Hybrid crab apple popular for its small red fruits. BARK Reddish brown. BRANCHES Spreading. LEAVES Narrowly oval. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers white, arising from pink buds. Fruits ovoid, to 2cm long; typically red but lemon-yellow in cultivar ‘Golden Hornet’. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Widely planted.
    135436.jpg
  • Red Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Oleaceae) HEIGHT to 25m <br />
Similar to Common Ash but generally smaller. BARK Deeply furrowed, reddish-brown. BRANCHES Stout with hairy twigs and brown winter buds. LEAVES Opposite, pinnate, to 22cm long with 7, rarely 9, oval, pointed leaflets. Each leaflet to 15cm long, toothed and pointed, 2 sides of blade not matching on petiole; undersides are usually hairy. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers open before leaves in hairy clusters in leaf axils; sexes usually on separate trees. Male flowers are red and female flowers are greenish. Both sexes of flowers lack petals, but female flowers have 4 sepals. Single-winged fruits are up to 6cm long. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of E North America, introduced into Britain and Ireland as an ornamental tree, but nowhere very common.
    135217.jpg
  • Dwarf Elder Sambucus ebulus (Caprifoliaceae) HEIGHT to 2m<br />
Unpleasant-smelling deciduous shrub or very occasionally a small tree. BARK reddish brown. BRANCHES Arching and grooved, turning red in September. LEAVES Compound, divided into 7-13 narrow leaflets, narrower than those of Elder. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are 3-5mm across and pinkish white; borne in flat-topped clusters, 8-15cm across and appear from June to August. Fruits are black, poisonous berries that are borne in clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Doubtfully native to Britain and Ireland; patchily distributed and generally scarce, being found mainly in the south of the region. Grows in hedgerows and scrub, and on roadside verges.
    135077.jpg
  • Fig Ficus carica (Moraceae) HEIGHT to 5m<br />
Deciduous tree with distinctive fruits and leaves. BARK Pale grey, smooth, sometimes with finer lines. BRANCHES Thick, forming a spreading domed crown. LEAVES Alternate, to 20cm long, on a 5–10cm petiole; deeply lobed, usually in 3 segments, sometimes 5. Feel rough and leathery with prominent veins on underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are hidden, produced inside pear-like fleshy receptacle that is almost closed at apex. This ripens in second year into a familiar fleshy, sweet-tasting fig. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native to SW Asia, possibly also S and E Europe. Long cultivated in Britain, thriving in walled gardens
    135037.jpg
  • Snow Pear Pyrus nivalis (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 20m <br />
Medium-sized tree. BARK Rough and scaly. BRANCHES Ascending, usually spineless. LEAVES To 9cm long and smooth; blade runs decurrently down petiole. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS White flowers open just after leaves. Fruits, to 5cm long, are rounded, greenish-yellow, with purple dots. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native from France to Russia; planted here occasionally.
    135005.jpg
  • Plum Prunus domestica ssp. domestica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. A small deciduous tree. BARK Dull brown, sometimes tinged purple, with deep fissures developing with age. BRANCHES Typically straight branches and usually with no spines; the twigs are brown and smooth. LEAVES Alternate, up to 8cm long, with toothed margins, a smooth green upper surface and a downy lower surface. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The flowers are mostly white or sometimes green-tinged, and hang in small clusters of 2–3 on a 1–2cm-long pedicel, opening at about the same time as the leaves in early spring. The fruits are up to 7.5cm long, rounded or more often oval, with a smooth skin which may be yellow, red, purple or even green when ripe.STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably a hybrid between Blackthorn and Cherry Plum, widely planted throughout Britain and Ireland and naturalised occasionally, nearly always near human habitation.
    134952.jpg
  • Service-tree Sorbus domestica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 20m<br />
Resembles Rowan but note subtle differences in bark, buds and fruit. BARK Rich brown bark, fissured, ridged and often peels in vertical shreds. BRANCHES Upright to spreading. Buds are smooth, rounded and green, unlike the purple, pointed buds of the Rowan. LEAVES Alternate and pinnate, composed of up to 8 pairs of oblong, toothed leaflets about 5cm long, and softly hairy on underside. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are produced in May in rounded, branched clusters; each flower is about 1.5cm across and composed of 5 creamy-white petals. Small pear- or sometimes apple-shaped fruits are up to 2cm long and green or brown like a russet apple. They have a very sharp taste when ripe, but after a frost they become more palatable. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Widespread in southern Europe and a rare British native; also planted occasionally.
    134863.jpg
  • Swedish Service-tree Sorbus hybrida (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 14m. Medium-sized tree. LEAVES To 10cm long, basal portion almost pinnate, apex more shallowly lobed. Lobe margins toothed near tips and leaf is grey-green above and woolly-white below. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits, to 1.2cm across, are rounded, bright red with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native to Scandinavia, planted here for ornament.
    134725.jpg
  • Cotoneaster turbinatus Height to 80cm. An ornamental cotoneaster and forms a low shrub. Has clusters of white flowers in early summer and bright red berries in auturmn; these persist into winter.
    132869.jpg
  • Guelder-rose Viburnum opulus Caprifoliaceae Height to 4m<br />
Spreading deciduous tree. Bark Reddish brown. Branches Sinuous; twigs smooth, angular and greyish. Leaves Opposite, to 8cm long, with 3–5 irregularly toothed lobes. Reproductive parts Flowers white, in flat heads with showy, outer flowers and smaller, inner ones. Fruit is rounded, translucent red berry, in clusters. Status Favours calcareous soils.
    129864.jpg
  • Wild Service-tree Sorbus torminalis Rosaceae Height to 25m<br />
Spreading deciduous tree. Bark Fissured into squarish plates. Branches Straight; twigs shiny, buds green and rounded. Leaves To 10cm long, 3–5 pairs of pointed lobes; toothed margin. Reproductive parts Flowers white, to 1.5cm across, clustered. Fruits rounded, to 1.8cm across, rounded, brown. Status Scarce native of heavy soils; ancient woodland indicator.
    129862.jpg
  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
    129851.jpg
  • Plum Prunus domestica ssp. domestica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. A small deciduous tree. BARK Dull brown, sometimes tinged purple, with deep fissures developing with age. BRANCHES Typically straight branches and usually with no spines; the twigs are brown and smooth. LEAVES Alternate, up to 8cm long, with toothed margins, a smooth green upper surface and a downy lower surface. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The flowers are mostly white or sometimes green-tinged, and hang in small clusters of 2–3 on a 1–2cm-long pedicel, opening at about the same time as the leaves in early spring. The fruits are up to 7.5cm long, rounded or more often oval, with a smooth skin which may be yellow, red, purple or even green when ripe.STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably a hybrid between Blackthorn and Cherry Plum, widely planted throughout Britain and Ireland and naturalised occasionally, nearly always near human habitation.
    128460.jpg
  • Plum Prunus domestica ssp. domestica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. A small deciduous tree. BARK Dull brown, sometimes tinged purple, with deep fissures developing with age. BRANCHES Typically straight branches and usually with no spines; the twigs are brown and smooth. LEAVES Alternate, up to 8cm long, with toothed margins, a smooth green upper surface and a downy lower surface. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The flowers are mostly white or sometimes green-tinged, and hang in small clusters of 2–3 on a 1–2cm-long pedicel, opening at about the same time as the leaves in early spring. The fruits are up to 7.5cm long, rounded or more often oval, with a smooth skin which may be yellow, red, purple or even green when ripe.STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably a hybrid between Blackthorn and Cherry Plum, widely planted throughout Britain and Ireland and naturalised occasionally, nearly always near human habitation.
    128459.jpg
  • Plum Prunus domestica ssp. domestica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 10m. A small deciduous tree. BARK Dull brown, sometimes tinged purple, with deep fissures developing with age. BRANCHES Typically straight branches and usually with no spines; the twigs are brown and smooth. LEAVES Alternate, up to 8cm long, with toothed margins, a smooth green upper surface and a downy lower surface. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS The flowers are mostly white or sometimes green-tinged, and hang in small clusters of 2–3 on a 1–2cm-long pedicel, opening at about the same time as the leaves in early spring. The fruits are up to 7.5cm long, rounded or more often oval, with a smooth skin which may be yellow, red, purple or even green when ripe.STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Probably a hybrid between Blackthorn and Cherry Plum, widely planted throughout Britain and Ireland and naturalised occasionally, nearly always near human habitation.
    128458.jpg
  • Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae Height to 20m <br />
Open, deciduous tree. Bark Silvery-grey, smooth. Branches Ascending with purple-tinged twigs and hairy buds. Leaves Pinnate, with 5–8 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 6cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers to 1cm across with 5 white petals; in dense heads. Fruits rounded, scarlet, in clusters. Status Locally common native; also widely planted.
    114237.jpg
  • Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae Height to 20m <br />
Open, deciduous tree. Bark Silvery-grey, smooth. Branches Ascending with purple-tinged twigs and hairy buds. Leaves Pinnate, with 5–8 pairs of ovate, toothed leaflets, each to 6cm long. Reproductive parts Flowers to 1cm across with 5 white petals; in dense heads. Fruits rounded, scarlet, in clusters. Status Locally common native; also widely planted.
    113921.jpg
  • Dogwood Cornus sanguinea Cornaceae Height to 4m <br />
Shrub or small tree. Bark Grey, smooth. Branches Twigs are distinctive dark red in winter. Leaves Opposite, oval, with entire margins and 3–4 pairs of prominent veins. Reproductive parts Flowers small, white, in large terminal clusters. Fruits are blackish, rounded berries; borne in clusters. Status Common native on calcareous soils; also widely planted.
    105848.jpg
  • Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria Rosaceae Height to 25m <br />
Deciduous tree or spreading shrub. Bark Smooth and grey. Branches Spreading; twigs brown above, green below. Buds ovoid, green, tipped with hairs. Leaves Oval, to 12cm long, toothed, very hairy below. Reproductive parts Flowers white, clustered. Fruits ovoid, to 1.5cm long, red. Status Native in S mainly on chalky soils; also widely planted in towns.
    105822.jpg
  • Sorbus anglica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 3m. Small shrub. LEAVES Ovate to obovate, lobed and toothed towards distal half; shiny above, whitish and downy below, 8-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits crimson, to 12mm long, with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Restricted to hillsides in Wales, SW England and Ireland, mostly limestone.
    135420.jpg
  • Manna Ash Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae) HEIGHT to 24m <br />
Medium-sized deciduous tree with a flattish crown. BARK Smooth dark-grey, sometimes almost black. BRANCHES With smooth, grey twigs, sometimes yellow-tinged, ending in greyish, white-bloomed buds. LEAVES Opposite, pinnate, to 30cm long with up to 9 ovate, toothed leaflets, each one to 10cm long and downy, with white or brown hairs on veins beneath. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Showy, creamy-white, fragrant flowers open with leaves. Each flower has 4 petals about 6mm long; they hang in clusters about 20cm across. Narrow-winged fruits, to 2cm long, hang in dense clusters. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of central and S Europe and SW Asia, and planted here as a street tree or for ornamental value.
    135219.jpg
  • Siberian Crab Malus baccata (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 15m <br />
A domed and rather spreading tree. BARK Brownish and regularly cracking. BRANCHES Much-divided and dense. LEAVES Rather slender and matt rather than shiny, REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Compact flower heads of white blossom make this a popular garden tree. The fruit is green at first but ripens to bright red and remains on the tree long after the leaves have fallen, providing a late feed for winter migrant birds. STATUs AND DISTRIBUTION A native of China, planted in Britain and Ireland in parks and gardens.
    134855.jpg
  • Sorbus anglica (Rosaceae) HEIGHT to 3m. Small shrub. LEAVES Ovate to obovate, lobed and toothed towards distal half; shiny above, whitish and downy below, 8-10 pairs of veins. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits crimson, to 12mm long, with small lenticels. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Restricted to hillsides in Wales, SW England and Ireland, mostly limestone.
    132659.jpg
  • Rowan - Sorbus aucuparia
    161302.jpg
  • Elder - Sambucus nigra
    161303.jpg
  • Rowan - Sorbus aucuparia
    161242.jpg
  • Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 32m <br />
Mature tree has tapering trunk and rounded crown. BARK Dark grey. BRANCHES Level. LEAVES Blue-green needles; note tuft of hairs below each 10cm-long bunch of 5 needles. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Slender cones; basal scales often curve outwards. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of N America, planted here mainly for timber.
    132870.jpg
  • Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 32m <br />
Mature tree has tapering trunk and rounded crown. BARK Dark grey. BRANCHES Level. LEAVES Blue-green needles; note tuft of hairs below each 10cm-long bunch of 5 needles. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Slender cones; basal scales often curve outwards. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of N America, planted here mainly for timber.
    132868.jpg
  • Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 32m <br />
Mature tree has tapering trunk and rounded crown. BARK Dark grey. BRANCHES Level. LEAVES Blue-green needles; note tuft of hairs below each 10cm-long bunch of 5 needles. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Slender cones; basal scales often curve outwards. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of N America, planted here mainly for timber.
    132789.jpg
  • Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 32m <br />
Mature tree has tapering trunk and rounded crown. BARK Dark grey. BRANCHES Level. LEAVES Blue-green needles; note tuft of hairs below each 10cm-long bunch of 5 needles. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Slender cones; basal scales often curve outwards. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of N America, planted here mainly for timber.
    113424.jpg
  • Weymouth Pine Pinus strobus (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 32m <br />
Mature tree has tapering trunk and rounded crown. BARK Dark grey. BRANCHES Level. LEAVES Blue-green needles; note tuft of hairs below each 10cm-long bunch of 5 needles. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Slender cones; basal scales often curve outwards. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of N America, planted here mainly for timber.
    100950.jpg
  • Ash - Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae - Flowers. Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    157450.jpg
  • Alder Carr - Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    157449.jpg
  • European Larch - Larix decidua Pinaceae. Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    157445.jpg
  • Katsura Tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cercidiphyllaceae) HEIGHT to 25m. Conical-crowned deciduous tree, sometimes with a single bole, more often with several main stems. BARK vertically fissured and peeling. LEAVES In opposite pairs, to 8cm long, rounded, with pointed tips and heart-shaped bases. Pink at first, turning green in summer, then red in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are produced in leaf nodes in April. Male flowers are small clusters of reddish stamens, female flowers are darker-red clusters of styles. Fruits are claw-like bunches of 5cm-long pods which change from grey, through green, to brown. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Japan, grown in Britain and Ireland for ornament.
    134336.jpg
  • European Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    134319.jpg
  • Filbert Corylus maxima (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Very similar to Hazel except for the nuts, which are mostly solitary or in bunches of 2–3 and entirely enclosed in an undivided involucre, which is constricted over the nut and toothed at the tip. A native of the Balkans, but widely planted elsewhere for the superior quality of its nuts, and sometimes naturalized
    134017.jpg
  • Bunching Reeds, Cley Marsh, Norfolk, UK
    143181.jpg
  • Larch Wood in Winter - Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
 Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    129490.jpg
  • Nursehound (Bull Huss) Scyliorhinus stellaris egg case Length to 9cm<br />
Long, slender capsule; has a tough skin and long curled tendrils at the corners. May get washed up in bunches.
    142026.jpg
  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    144444.jpg
  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    144442.jpg
  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    144441.jpg
  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
    144440.jpg
  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    144418.jpg
  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    144417.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    144416.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
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  • Filbert Corylus maxima (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Very similar to Hazel except for the nuts, which are mostly solitary or in bunches of 2–3 and entirely enclosed in an undivided involucre, which is constricted over the nut and toothed at the tip. A native of the Balkans, but widely planted elsewhere for the superior quality of its nuts, and sometimes naturalized
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  • Syrian Juniper Juniperus drupacea (Cupressaceae) HEIGHT to 18m. Shapely evergreen, forming a slender, tall column of compact, bright-green foliage. Occasionally the trunk and crown divide to make a more conical tree. BARK Orange-brown, peeling away in thin shreds. LEAVES Needle-like, pointed with a spine and 2 pale bands on the underside, and are longer than any other Juniper at 2.5cm. Needles grow in bunches of 3. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male trees produce tiny, bright yellowish-green, oval flowers. Female trees produce tiny green flowers in small clusters at the tips of twigs, opening in spring, and these develop into rounded, woody cones, about 2cm in diameter, which turn purple-brown when mature. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of mountain forests in W Asia; range just extends into Greece. Occasionally planted in British and Irish gardens.
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  • Syrian Juniper Juniperus drupacea (Cupressaceae) HEIGHT to 18m. Shapely evergreen, forming a slender, tall column of compact, bright-green foliage. Occasionally the trunk and crown divide to make a more conical tree. BARK Orange-brown, peeling away in thin shreds. LEAVES Needle-like, pointed with a spine and 2 pale bands on the underside, and are longer than any other Juniper at 2.5cm. Needles grow in bunches of 3. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male trees produce tiny, bright yellowish-green, oval flowers. Female trees produce tiny green flowers in small clusters at the tips of twigs, opening in spring, and these develop into rounded, woody cones, about 2cm in diameter, which turn purple-brown when mature. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of mountain forests in W Asia; range just extends into Greece. Occasionally planted in British and Irish gardens.
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  • Phoenician Juniper Juniperus phoenicia (Cupressaceae) HEIGHT to 8m. Small evergreen tree, or a spreading shrub. LEAVES Scaly twigs bear 2 types of leaves. Young leaves are up to 1.5cm long and 1mm wide, sharply pointed, showing pale bands on both surfaces; in bunches of 3 spreading at right-angles. Mature leaves are only 1mm long, resembling tiny green scales clasping the twig. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male cones are inconspicuous and borne at ends of shoots, female cones are up to 1.4cm long, rounded and ripening from black through yellowish-green to a deep red in second year. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Mediterranean coasts and Atlantic shores of Portugal.
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  • Strawberry Dogwood Cornus kousa (Cornaceae) HEIGHT to 15m. A columnar to pyramidal deciduous tree. BARK Reddish-brown, peeling off in patches in older trees. BRANCHES Tangled. LEAVES Ovate, to 7.5cm long and 5cm across, with a tapering point and wavy margin; dark green above, smooth below with patches of brown hairs in vein axils. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellowish-white or greenish flowers are small and clustered together in compact rounded heads, surrounded by 4 large yellowish-white or pink-tinged bracts; open in early summer, followed by bunches of tiny, edible fruits that collectively look like strawberries. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Japan, and a garden tree in Britain and Europe.
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  • Strawberry Dogwood Cornus kousa (Cornaceae) HEIGHT to 15m. A columnar to pyramidal deciduous tree. BARK Reddish-brown, peeling off in patches in older trees. BRANCHES Tangled. LEAVES Ovate, to 7.5cm long and 5cm across, with a tapering point and wavy margin; dark green above, smooth below with patches of brown hairs in vein axils. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellowish-white or greenish flowers are small and clustered together in compact rounded heads, surrounded by 4 large yellowish-white or pink-tinged bracts; open in early summer, followed by bunches of tiny, edible fruits that collectively look like strawberries. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Japan, and a garden tree in Britain and Europe.
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  • European Hop-Hornbeam Ostrya carpinifolia (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 19m. A spreading tree with a domed crown and robust bole. BARK Grey-brown, with squarish plates. BRANCHES Almost level when growing in the open but in a woodland the branches may be crowded and ascending. LEAVES Similar to Hornbeam. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits in clusters with a superficial resemblance to bunches of hops. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of mainland Europe; in Britain it occurs mainly in well-established gardens.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
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  • European Hop-Hornbeam Ostrya carpinifolia (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 19m. A spreading tree with a domed crown and robust bole. BARK Grey-brown, with squarish plates. BRANCHES Almost level when growing in the open but in a woodland the branches may be crowded and ascending. LEAVES Similar to Hornbeam. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Fruits in clusters with a superficial resemblance to bunches of hops. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of mainland Europe; in Britain it occurs mainly in well-established gardens.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Monterey Pine Pinus radiata (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 45m <br />
Large, variable pine, slender and conical when growing vigorously, becoming more domed and flat-topped on a long bole with age. BARK Fissured and grey, blackening with age. BRANCHES Main ones sometimes hang low enough to touch ground. LEAVES Bright-green needles in bunches of 3; each needle is thin and straight, to 15cm long, with a finely toothed margin and harp-pointed tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers grow in dense clusters near ends of twigs, releasing pollen in spring. Female cones grow in clusters of 3–5 around tips of shoots, ripening to large, solid woody cones, to 15cm long and 9cm across, with a characteristic asymmetrical shape. Cone scales are thick and woody with rounded outer edges, and conceal black, winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBTUION Native to a small area around Monterey, California, Guadalupe Island and Baja California, Mexico. Widely planted here in mild areas as a shelter-belt tree or for ornament, growing well next to the sea.
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  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    133263.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    133262.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    133261.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
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  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
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  • Filbert Corylus maxima (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Very similar to Hazel except for the nuts, which are mostly solitary or in bunches of 2–3 and entirely enclosed in an undivided involucre, which is constricted over the nut and toothed at the tip. A native of the Balkans, but widely planted elsewhere for the superior quality of its nuts, and sometimes naturalized
    133113.jpg
  • Filbert Corylus maxima (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Very similar to Hazel except for the nuts, which are mostly solitary or in bunches of 2–3 and entirely enclosed in an undivided involucre, which is constricted over the nut and toothed at the tip. A native of the Balkans, but widely planted elsewhere for the superior quality of its nuts, and sometimes naturalized
    133112.jpg
  • Strawberry Dogwood Cornus kousa (Cornaceae) HEIGHT to 15m. A columnar to pyramidal deciduous tree. BARK Reddish-brown, peeling off in patches in older trees. BRANCHES Tangled. LEAVES Ovate, to 7.5cm long and 5cm across, with a tapering point and wavy margin; dark green above, smooth below with patches of brown hairs in vein axils. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Yellowish-white or greenish flowers are small and clustered together in compact rounded heads, surrounded by 4 large yellowish-white or pink-tinged bracts; open in early summer, followed by bunches of tiny, edible fruits that collectively look like strawberries. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Japan, and a garden tree in Britain and Europe.
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  • Filbert Corylus maxima (Betulaceae) HEIGHT to 6m <br />
Very similar to Hazel except for the nuts, which are mostly solitary or in bunches of 2–3 and entirely enclosed in an undivided involucre, which is constricted over the nut and toothed at the tip. A native of the Balkans, but widely planted elsewhere for the superior quality of its nuts, and sometimes naturalized
    132983.jpg
  • Katsura Tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cercidiphyllaceae) HEIGHT to 25m. Conical-crowned deciduous tree, sometimes with a single bole, more often with several main stems. BARK vertically fissured and peeling. LEAVES In opposite pairs, to 8cm long, rounded, with pointed tips and heart-shaped bases. Pink at first, turning green in summer, then red in autumn. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Flowers are produced in leaf nodes in April. Male flowers are small clusters of reddish stamens, female flowers are darker-red clusters of styles. Fruits are claw-like bunches of 5cm-long pods which change from grey, through green, to brown. STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Native of Japan, grown in Britain and Ireland for ornament.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Monterey Pine Pinus radiata (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 45m <br />
Large, variable pine, slender and conical when growing vigorously, becoming more domed and flat-topped on a long bole with age. BARK Fissured and grey, blackening with age. BRANCHES Main ones sometimes hang low enough to touch ground. LEAVES Bright-green needles in bunches of 3; each needle is thin and straight, to 15cm long, with a finely toothed margin and harp-pointed tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers grow in dense clusters near ends of twigs, releasing pollen in spring. Female cones grow in clusters of 3–5 around tips of shoots, ripening to large, solid woody cones, to 15cm long and 9cm across, with a characteristic asymmetrical shape. Cone scales are thick and woody with rounded outer edges, and conceal black, winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBTUION Native to a small area around Monterey, California, Guadalupe Island and Baja California, Mexico. Widely planted here in mild areas as a shelter-belt tree or for ornament, growing well next to the sea. Vigorous when young.
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  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
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  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    130412.jpg
  • Monterey Pine Pinus radiata (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 45m <br />
Large, variable pine, slender and conical when growing vigorously, becoming more domed and flat-topped on a long bole with age. BARK Fissured and grey, blackening with age. BRANCHES Main ones sometimes hang low enough to touch ground. LEAVES Bright-green needles in bunches of 3; each needle is thin and straight, to 15cm long, with a finely toothed margin and harp-pointed tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers grow in dense clusters near ends of twigs, releasing pollen in spring. Female cones grow in clusters of 3–5 around tips of shoots, ripening to large, solid woody cones, to 15cm long and 9cm across, with a characteristic asymmetrical shape. Cone scales are thick and woody with rounded outer edges, and conceal black, winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBTUION Native to a small area around Monterey, California, Guadalupe Island and Baja California, Mexico. Widely planted here in mild areas as a shelter-belt tree or for ornament, growing well next to the sea.
    130379.jpg
  • Monterey Pine Pinus radiata (Pinaceae) HEIGHT to 45m <br />
Large, variable pine, slender and conical when growing vigorously, becoming more domed and flat-topped on a long bole with age. BARK Fissured and grey, blackening with age. BRANCHES Main ones sometimes hang low enough to touch ground. LEAVES Bright-green needles in bunches of 3; each needle is thin and straight, to 15cm long, with a finely toothed margin and harp-pointed tip. REPRODUCTIVE PARTS Male flowers grow in dense clusters near ends of twigs, releasing pollen in spring. Female cones grow in clusters of 3–5 around tips of shoots, ripening to large, solid woody cones, to 15cm long and 9cm across, with a characteristic asymmetrical shape. Cone scales are thick and woody with rounded outer edges, and conceal black, winged seeds. STATUS AND DISTRIBTUION Native to a small area around Monterey, California, Guadalupe Island and Baja California, Mexico. Widely planted here in mild areas as a shelter-belt tree or for ornament, growing well next to the sea.
    130367.jpg
  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    130143.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    130137.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    129760.jpg
  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
    129757.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
    129653.jpg
  • Common Alder Alnus glutinosa Betulaceae Height to 25m. Spreading, often multi-stemmed tree. Bark Brownish, fissured into squarish plates. Branches Ascending in young trees. Young twigs sticky. Buds 7mm long, on 3mm-long stalks. Leaves Stalked, to 10cm long, rounded with notched apex. Reproductive parts Purplish male catkins, in bunches of 2–3, appear first in winter. Female catkins cone-like, reddish at first ripening green by summer. Status Common beside water.
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  • Common Larch Larix decidua Pinaceae Height to 35m<br />
Deciduous, conical conifer. Foliage turns golden before needles fall in autumn. Bark Greyish-brown, fissured with age. Branches Mostly horizontal. Needles To 3cm long, in bunches of up to 40. Reproductive parts Male flowers are yellow cones. Female cones are red in spring, maturing brown and woody. Status Native of central Europe, planted here for timber and ornament.
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  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
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  • Ash Fraxinus excelsior Oleaceae Height to 40m. Deciduous tree with open crown. Bark Grey, fissured with age. Branches Ascending; grey twigs flattened at nodes with conical black buds. Leaves Pinnate, to 35cm long with 7–13 lanceolate, toothed leaflets. Reproductive parts Flowers small, purple, clustered. Fruits are single-winged ‘keys’, in bunches. Status Common native; prefers calcareous or base-rich soils.
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