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  • Mountain Hare Lepus timidus Length 45-60cm Has shorter ears and more compact body than Brown Hare. Tail is uniformly white and ears are tipped black. Adult Scottish race has greyish brown coat in summer, palest on underparts and most rufous on head. Underfur is blue grey. In winter, acquires thick, whitish coat except for buffish nose. Adult Irish race has reddish brown summer coat and variably buffish brown and white winter coat. Mostly silent. Scottish animals favour heather moors and mountains. Irish Hares favour more grassy habitats.
    144329.jpg
  • Mountain Hare Lepus timidus Length 45-60cm Has shorter ears and more compact body than Brown Hare. Tail is uniformly white and ears are tipped black. Adult Scottish race has greyish brown coat in summer, palest on underparts and most rufous on head. Underfur is blue grey. In winter, acquires thick, whitish coat except for buffish nose. Adult Irish race has reddish brown summer coat and variably buffish brown and white winter coat. Mostly silent. Scottish animals favour heather moors and mountains. Irish Hares favour more grassy habitats.
    144333.jpg
  • Meadow Brown - Maniola jurtina - male (top row) - female (middle & bottom rows). Wingspan 50mm. Britain’s most familiar and widespread grassland butterfly. Adult has brown upperwings; male has a small orange patch on the forewing containing eyespot; orange patch is larger in female. Underside of hindwing is brown with a grey-brown band; forewing is orange and buff with an eyespot. Flies June-Aug. Larva feeds on grasses and is nocturnal. Generally common throughout the region but least so in northern Scotland and Ireland. Favours a wide range of grassland habitats.
    157191.jpg
  • Brown Puffball - Bovista nigrescens
    135358.jpg
  • Dipper - Cinclus cinclus - juvenile. L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    153886.jpg
  • September Thorn Ennomos erosaria Wingspan 30-34mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings held at acute angle, creating a leaf-like appearance. Adult has angular, jagged margins to its wings. The forewings are yellowish-brown and marked with two dark cross lines: outer third of wing is dusky brown while inner two thirds are yellowish brown. Flies July-October. Larva feeds mainly on birches and oaks. Widespread but commonest in south.
    140807.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    121025.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    136398.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    136403.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    136405.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    136406.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    136418.jpg
  • Brown Puffball - Bovista nigrescens
    135359.jpg
  • Broom Moth Ceramica pisi Length 15-19mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings spread flat on in a tent-like manner. Adult has forewings whose ground colour is variable, orange-brown and grey-brown being the extremes. All forms show a yellow submarginal jagged line expanding to a pale spot on the wing’s trailing margin; at rest the spots are aligned. Flies May-July. Larva has longitudinal brown and yellow lines; feeds on various plants including Broom and Bracken. Widespread and locally common.
    157566.jpg
  • Broom Moth Ceramica pisi Length 15-19mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings spread flat on in a tent-like manner. Adult has forewings whose ground colour is variable, orange-brown and grey-brown being the extremes. All forms show a yellow submarginal jagged line expanding to a pale spot on the wing’s trailing margin; at rest the spots are aligned. Flies May-July. Larva has longitudinal brown and yellow lines; feeds on various plants including Broom and Bracken. Widespread and locally common.
    123187.jpg
  • Brown Galingale Cyperus fuscus (Height to 15cm) Tufted annual sedge, with upright, 3-sided stems and leaves up to 7mm wide. Inflorescence comprises tight clusters of reddish-brown spikelets with 2 long bracts; June-August. Damp, muddy ground and pond margins.
    118303.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    136404.jpg
  • Dipper Cinclus cinclus L 18cm. Dumpy waterside bird that perches on river boulders. Flies low over water. Dives readily in search of invertebrates. Sexes are similar. Adult has dark grey-brown wings, back and tail. Head is reddish brown and throat and breast (bib) are white. Belly grades from reddish chestnut at front to blackish brown at rear. Legs and feet are stout and powerful. Juvenile has greyish upperparts and barred, pale underparts. Voice Utters a shrill striitz call. Status Fairly common but local on fast-flowing streams and rivers.
    145670.jpg
  • Broom Moth Ceramica pisi Length 15-19mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings spread flat on in a tent-like manner. Adult has forewings whose ground colour is variable, orange-brown and grey-brown being the extremes. All forms show a yellow submarginal jagged line expanding to a pale spot on the wing’s trailing margin; at rest the spots are aligned. Flies May-July. Larva has longitudinal brown and yellow lines; feeds on various plants including Broom and Bracken. Widespread and locally common.
    157565.jpg
  • Broom Moth Ceramica pisi Length 15-19mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings spread flat on in a tent-like manner. Adult has forewings whose ground colour is variable, orange-brown and grey-brown being the extremes. All forms show a yellow submarginal jagged line expanding to a pale spot on the wing’s trailing margin; at rest the spots are aligned. Flies May-July. Larva has longitudinal brown and yellow lines; feeds on various plants including Broom and Bracken. Widespread and locally common.
    143544.jpg
  • Broom Moth Ceramica pisi Length 15-19mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings spread flat on in a tent-like manner. Adult has forewings whose ground colour is variable, orange-brown and grey-brown being the extremes. All forms show a yellow submarginal jagged line expanding to a pale spot on the wing’s trailing margin; at rest the spots are aligned. Flies May-July. Larva has longitudinal brown and yellow lines; feeds on various plants including Broom and Bracken. Widespread and locally common.
    143545.jpg
  • Bright-line Brown-eye Lacanobia oleracea Length 19-21mm. A richly-marked moth with an unimaginatively descriptive name. It rests with wings held flat. Adult has brown forewings with a submarginal<br />
jagged white line near the outer edge, indented to form the letter W along its length; the wings also bear an orange kidney-shaped mark and white-ringed circular spot. Flies May-July. Larva feeds on oraches and goosefoots. Widespread and common.
    140137.jpg
  • Bright-line Brown-eye Lacanobia oleracea Length 19-21mm. A richly-marked moth with an unimaginatively descriptive name. It rests with wings held flat. Adult has brown forewings with a submarginal<br />
jagged white line near the outer edge, indented to form the letter W along its length; the wings also bear an orange kidney-shaped mark and white-ringed circular spot. Flies May-July. Larva feeds on oraches and goosefoots. Widespread and common.
    140136.jpg
  • Brown Galingale Cyperus fuscus (Height to 15cm) Tufted annual sedge, with upright, 3-sided stems and leaves up to 7mm wide. Inflorescence comprises tight clusters of reddish-brown spikelets with 2 long bracts; June-August. Damp, muddy ground and pond margins.
    118304.jpg
  • European Brown Bear - Ursus arctos arctos
    163234.jpg
  • Scarce Brown Sedge - Ironoquia dubia
    162548.jpg
  • Scarce Brown Sedge - Ironoquia dubia
    162547.jpg
  • Gatekeeper - Maniola tithonius - male (top row) - female - bottom row. Wingspan 40mm. A classic hedgerow and wayside butterfly, and a sign that summer has arrived; often feeds on Bramble flowers. Adult has brown upperwings with broad orange patches and an eyespot with twin highlights on the forewing. Underside of hindwing is marbled brown and buffish-white; forewing has large orange patch with an eyespot. Flies July–Aug. Larva feeds on grasses and is nocturnal. Locally common in central and southern England and Wales, and southern Ireland.
    157175.jpg
  • Sand Martin Riparia riparia - Collecting nesting material. L 12cm. Typically seen hawking for insects over water, sometimes even picking them off surface. Sexes are similar. Adult has sandy brown upperparts and mainly white underparts with brown breast band. Tail is short and forked. Juvenile is similar but has pale margins to back feathers. Voice Utters range of rasping twitters. Status Widespread summer visitor. Nests colonially, excavating burrows in sandy banks beside rivers and sand and gravel quarries.
    155717.jpg
  • Sand Martin Riparia riparia L 12cm. Typically seen hawking for insects over water, sometimes even picking them off surface. Sexes are similar. Adult has sandy brown upperparts and mainly white underparts with brown breast band. Tail is short and forked. Juvenile is similar but has pale margins to back feathers. Voice Utters range of rasping twitters. Status Widespread summer visitor. Nests colonially, excavating burrows in sandy banks beside rivers and sand and gravel quarries.
    155527.jpg
  • Sand Martin Riparia riparia - Collecting nesting material. L 12cm. Typically seen hawking for insects over water, sometimes even picking them off surface. Sexes are similar. Adult has sandy brown upperparts and mainly white underparts with brown breast band. Tail is short and forked. Juvenile is similar but has pale margins to back feathers. Voice Utters range of rasping twitters. Status Widespread summer visitor. Nests colonially, excavating burrows in sandy banks beside rivers and sand and gravel quarries.
    155159.jpg
  • Sand Martin Riparia riparia L 12cm. Typically seen hawking for insects over water, sometimes even picking them off surface. Sexes are similar. Adult has sandy brown upperparts and mainly white underparts with brown breast band. Tail is short and forked. Juvenile is similar but has pale margins to back feathers. Voice Utters range of rasping twitters. Status Widespread summer visitor. Nests colonially, excavating burrows in sandy banks beside rivers and sand and gravel quarries.
    154366.jpg
  • Copper Underwing  Amphipyra pyramidea Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often ventures indoors through open windows and congregates in groups in dark place in the daytime. Adult has brown forewings with wavy white and dark lines and a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange tinge confined to the outer margin. Seen head-on, the palps are uniformly pale brown. Flies August-October. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and commonest in southern Britain.
    144901.jpg
  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    144766.jpg
  • Hebrew Character Orthosia gothica Length 20mm. A well-marked spring-flying moth that rests with it wings spread flat or held in a shallow tent-like manner. Adult has brown forewings, marbled with purplish-grey and rich brown, and with a dark rectangular mark from which a semi-circular section has been removed. Flies March–April. Larva feeds on a range of herbaceous plants. Common and widespread.
    141212.jpg
  • Hebrew Character Orthosia gothica Length 20mm. A well-marked spring-flying moth that rests with it wings spread flat or held in a shallow tent-like manner. Adult has brown forewings, marbled with purplish-grey and rich brown, and with a dark rectangular mark from which a semi-circular section has been removed. Flies March–April. Larva feeds on a range of herbaceous plants. Common and widespread.
    141211.jpg
  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    140983.jpg
  • Dusky Thorn Ennamos fuscantaria Wingspan 36-40mm. An attractive moth that rests with its wings held at acute angle creating a leaf-like appearance. Adult has angular, jagged margins to its wings. The forewings are divided into three by two dark lines: outer third is dusky brown while inner two thirds are yellowish brown. Flies August-September. Larava feeds on Ash. Common only in central and southern Britain.
    140650.jpg
  • Copper Underwing  Amphipyra pyramidea Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often ventures indoors through open windows and congregates in groups in dark place in the daytime. Adult has brown forewings with wavy white and dark lines and a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange tinge confined to the outer margin. Seen head-on, the palps are uniformly pale brown. Flies August-October. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and commonest in southern Britain.
    140647.jpg
  • Copper Underwing  Amphipyra pyramidea Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often ventures indoors through open windows and congregates in groups in dark place in the daytime. Adult has brown forewings with wavy white and dark lines and a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange tinge confined to the outer margin. Seen head-on, the palps are uniformly pale brown. Flies August-October. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and commonest in southern Britain.
    140529.jpg
  • Gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus Wingspan 40mm. A classic hedgerow and wayside butterfly, and a sign that summer has arrived; often feeds on Bramble flowers. Adult has brown upperwings with broad orange patches and an eyespot with twin highlights on the forewing. Underside of hindwing is marbled brown and buffish-white; forewing has large orange patch with an eyespot. Flies July–Aug. Larva feeds on grasses and is nocturnal. Locally common in central and southern England and Wales, and southern Ireland.
    140226.jpg
  • Gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus Wingspan 40mm. A classic hedgerow and wayside butterfly, and a sign that summer has arrived; often feeds on Bramble flowers. Adult has brown upperwings with broad orange patches and an eyespot with twin highlights on the forewing. Underside of hindwing is marbled brown and buffish-white; forewing has large orange patch with an eyespot. Flies July–Aug. Larva feeds on grasses and is nocturnal. Locally common in central and southern England and Wales, and southern Ireland.
    140163.jpg
  • Hebrew Character Orthosia gothica Length 20mm. A well-marked spring-flying moth that rests with it wings spread flat or held in a shallow tent-like manner. Adult has brown forewings, marbled with purplish-grey and rich brown, and with a dark rectangular mark from which a semi-circular section has been removed. Flies March–April. Larva feeds on a range of herbaceous plants. Common and widespread.
    136265.jpg
  • Gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus Wingspan 40mm. A classic hedgerow and wayside butterfly, and a sign that summer has arrived; often feeds on Bramble flowers. Adult has brown upperwings with broad orange patches and an eyespot with twin highlights on the forewing. Underside of hindwing is marbled brown and buffish-white; forewing has large orange patch with an eyespot. Flies July–Aug. Larva feeds on grasses and is nocturnal. Locally common in central and southern England and Wales, and southern Ireland.
    136192.jpg
  • Gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus Wingspan 40mm. A classic hedgerow and wayside butterfly, and a sign that summer has arrived; often feeds on Bramble flowers. Adult has brown upperwings with broad orange patches and an eyespot with twin highlights on the forewing. Underside of hindwing is marbled brown and buffish-white; forewing has large orange patch with an eyespot. Flies July–Aug. Larva feeds on grasses and is nocturnal. Locally common in central and southern England and Wales, and southern Ireland.
    133426.jpg
  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    115191.jpg
  • Swallow-tailed Moth Ourapteryx sambucaria Wingspan 52mm. A colourful and unmistakable moth that holds its wings spread flat at rest; can look rather butterfly-like. Adult has pale yellow wings, the forewing with an angular tip and the hindwing with a short tail streamer. Both wings are marked with brown cross lines, and the hindwing is fringed brown. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Ivy, Hawthorn and other shrubs. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain.
    109701.jpg
  • Gatekeeper Pyronia tithonus Wingspan 40mm. A classic hedgerow and wayside butterfly, and a sign that summer has arrived; often feeds on Bramble flowers. Adult has brown upperwings with broad orange patches and an eyespot with twin highlights on the forewing. Underside of hindwing is marbled brown and buffish-white; forewing has large orange patch with an eyespot. Flies July–Aug. Larva feeds on grasses and is nocturnal. Locally common in central and southern England and Wales, and southern Ireland.
    103389.jpg
  • FIELD WOOD-RUSH Luzula campestris (Juncaceae) Height to 25cm. Tufted perennial of dry grassland, especially on calcareous soils (aka Good Friday Grass). FLOWERS are brown with yellow anthers; borne in heads (1 unstalked, several stalked) and arranged in clusters (Apr-May). FRUITS are brown and globular. LEAVES are grass-like and fringed with long, white hairs. STATUS-Locally common throughout.
    132215.jpg
  • SALTMARSH RUSH Juncus gerardii (Juncaceae) Height to 50cm. Characteristic rush of saltmarshes, often covering extensive areas. FLOWERS are dark brown and borne in loose clusters, flanked by leaf-like bracts (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are brown, egg-shaped, glossy and equal in length to the sepals. LEAVES are dark green and arise at base of plant, and on stems. STATUS-Locally common around coasts.
    132076.jpg
  • HEATH WOOD-RUSH Luzula multiflora (Juncaceae) Height to 30cm. Tufted perennial that grows on heaths and moors, and in woodlands, on acid soils. FLOWERS are brown and borne in stalked heads of 5-12 flowers, the heads in clusters of 3-10 (May-Jun). FRUITS are brown, globular and shorter than the sepals. LEAVES are grass-like, fringed with white hairs. STATUS-Locally common throughout.
    131762.jpg
  • JOINTED RUSH Juncus articulatus (Juncaceae) Height to 60cm. Creeping or tufted and upright perennial that grows in marshes and on damp heaths, moors and dune-slacks. FLOWERS are brown and borne in open, branched clusters (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are brown, egg-shaped and abruptly pointed at the tip. LEAVES are curved, narrow and flattened with a transverse joint. STATUS-Locally common.
    131387.jpg
  • COMPACT RUSH Juncus conglomeratus (Juncaceae) Height to 1m. Upright perennial of damp, grazed grassland, mainly on acid soils. Similar to compact-flowered form of Soft Rush but stems are darker green, ridged, rough and not glossy. FLOWERS are brown and borne in compact clusters (May-Jul). FRUITS are dark brown, egg-shaped and as long as sepals. LEAVES are absent. STATUS-Locally common.
    131388.jpg
  • HARD RUSH Juncus inflexus (Juncaceae) Height to 1.2m<br />
Tufted perennial with stiff, ridged and bluish or greyish green stems. Grows in damp, grassy places but avoids acid soils. FLOWERS are brown and borne in loose clusters below a long bract (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are brown and egg-shaped with a tiny point. LEAVES are absent. STATUS-Widespread and common except in the N.
    131299.jpg
  • GLAUCOUS SEDGE Carex flacca (Cyperaceae) Height to 50cm. Common grassland sedge, often on calcareous soils. Stems are 3-sided. FLOWERS comprise an inflorescence with 1-3 brown male spikes above 2-5 brown female spikes (Apr-May). FRUITS are greenish, flattened with only a tiny beak. LEAVES are pale green and stiff. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
    130927.jpg
  • HAIRY WOOD-RUSH Luzula pilosa (Juncaceae) Height to 30cm. Tufted perennial that grows in woodland and on shady banks. FLOWERS are brown and usually solitary, arranged in branched, open clusters (Apr-Jun). FRUITS are brown, egg-shaped and narrow abruptly towards the tip. LEAVES are 5-10mm wide, yellowish green, hairy and glossy. STATUS-Widespread and locally common, except in W Ireland.
    130901.jpg
  • SAND SEDGE Carex arenaria (Cyperaceae) Height to 35cm<br />
Creeping perennial of sand dunes. Progress of its underground stems can be detected by aerial shoots, which appear in straight lines. FLOWERS comprise pale brown spikes, in a terminal head, male flowers above females (May-Jul). FRUITS are yellowish brown and beaked. LEAVES are wiry. STATUS-Locally common on most suitable coasts.
    130887.jpg
  • FLEA SEDGE Carex pulicaris (Cyperaceae) Height to 25cm<br />
Intriguing, tufted sedge with rounded stems. Grows in damp ground, usually on calcareous ground. FLOWERS are reddish brown and in inflorescences comprising a single spike with male flowers above females (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are shiny, brown and fancifully flea-like. LEAVES are dark-green and thread-like. STATUS-Locally common.
    130606.jpg
  • HEATH RUSH Juncus squarrosus (Juncaceae) Height to 50cm<br />
Tufted, sometimes mat-forming perennial with stiff stems. Grows on heaths and moors. FLOWERS are dark brown with pale, silvery margins; borne in terminal clusters (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are brown, egg-shaped and blunt with a small point at the tip. LEAVES are wiry, grooved; appear as basal rosette. STATUS-Locally common in N and W.
    123006.jpg
  • Great Wood-rush (Luzula sylvatica) HEIGHT to 80cm. Robust, tufted perennial of woodlands and rocky, upland terrain, mainly on acid soils. FLOWERS Brown, in heads of 3 in branched, open clusters (June-July). FRUITS Brown, egg-shaped. LEAVES 5-20mm across, hairy, glossy.
    106522.jpg
  • Sand Martin Riparia riparia L 12cm. Typically seen hawking for insects over water, sometimes even picking them off surface. Sexes are similar. Adult has sandy brown upperparts and mainly white underparts with brown breast band. Tail is short and forked. Juvenile is similar but has pale margins to back feathers. Voice Utters range of rasping twitters. Status Widespread summer visitor. Nests colonially, excavating burrows in sandy banks beside rivers and sand and gravel quarries.
    127176.jpg
  • Sand Martin Riparia riparia L 12cm. Typically seen hawking for insects over water, sometimes even picking them off surface. Sexes are similar. Adult has sandy brown upperparts and mainly white underparts with brown breast band. Tail is short and forked. Juvenile is similar but has pale margins to back feathers. Voice Utters range of rasping twitters. Status Widespread summer visitor. Nests colonially, excavating burrows in sandy banks beside rivers and sand and gravel quarries.
    145939.jpg
  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
    141331.jpg
  • Copper Underwing  Amphipyra pyramidea Length 24-26mm. A well-marked moth that rests with its wings held flat, or with one forewing partly overlapping the other. Often ventures indoors through open windows and congregates in groups in dark place in the daytime. Adult has brown forewings with wavy white and dark lines and a pale central eyespot. The hindwing underside has an orange tinge confined to the outer margin. Seen head-on, the palps are uniformly pale brown. Flies August-October. Larva feeds on deciduous trees and shrubs. Widespread and commonest in southern Britain.
    140393.jpg
  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
    140277.jpg
  • Great Prominent - Peridea anceps Length 30mm. A subtly marked moth whose colours and patterning are a good match for oak bark. Rests with it wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown and grey-brown wings and hairy legs. Flies May–July. Larva is green with diagonal stripes on each segment. Larva feeds on oaks. Locally common only in southern Britain.
    157462.jpg
  • Red Twin-spot Carpet Xanthorhoe spadicearia Wingspan 20mm. A colourful and beautifully-patterned moth that spreads its wings flat at rest. Adult’s forewings are marked with a broad, reddish-brown band and yellow-buff and reddish brown zones towards head; near the tip of the forewing, an orange-buff patch and adjacent 2 dark spots are useful for identification. Flies mainly May-July. Larva feeds on low-growing herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
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  • Pebble Prominent Eligmodonta ziczac Length 25mm. A well-marked moth that rests with wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has buffish- brown forewings with grey-brown oval mark near the tip, and a white patch on the leading edge. Flies May–June, sometimes in August as a second brood in the south. Larva feeds on willows and Aspen. Widespread and locally common.
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  • Pebble Prominent Eligmodonta ziczac Length 25mm. A well-marked moth that rests with wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has buffish- brown forewings with grey-brown oval mark near the tip, and a white patch on the leading edge. Flies May–June, sometimes in August as a second brood in the south. Larva feeds on willows and Aspen. Widespread and locally common.
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  • Great Prominent Peridea anceps Length 30mm. A subtly marked moth whose colours and patterning are a good match for oak bark. Rests with it wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown and grey-brown wings and hairy legs. Flies May–July. Larva is green with diagonal stripes on each segment. Larva feeds on oaks. Locally common only in southern Britain.
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  • Great Prominent Peridea anceps Length 30mm. A subtly marked moth whose colours and patterning are a good match for oak bark. Rests with it wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown and grey-brown wings and hairy legs. Flies May–July. Larva is green with diagonal stripes on each segment. Larva feeds on oaks. Locally common only in southern Britain.
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  • Great Prominent Peridea anceps Length 30mm. A subtly marked moth whose colours and patterning are a good match for oak bark. Rests with it wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown and grey-brown wings and hairy legs. Flies May–July. Larva is green with diagonal stripes on each segment. Larva feeds on oaks. Locally common only in southern Britain.
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  • Square-spot Rustic Xestia xanthographa Length 17-19mm. A variable moth that rests with its wings held flat, one forewing partly overlapping the other. Adult has forewings that can range from reddish brown to grey-brown; all forms show a squarish pale spot and a pale kidney-shaped spot on the forewings. Flies August-September. Larva feeds on low-growing herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
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  • Old Lady Mormo maura Length 33-35mm. A broad-winged, subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings held flat; it is well camouflaged when resting on weathered fence panels. Sometimes comes indoors through open windows. Adult has grey-brown forewings with bands of dark brown and lilac-grey. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on deciduous shrubs and trees, notably Blackthorn. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Treble-bar Aplocera plagiata Wingspan 38-42mm. An aptly-named moth with distinctive markings. Adult rests with forewings covering hindwings, the outline very triangular. Forewings are grey-brown with three darker brown cross lines. Double-brooded in the south: flies May-June and August-September. Larva feeds on various St John’s-worts. Widespread and fairly common.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Red Twin-spot Carpet Xanthorhoe spadicearia Wingspan 20mm. A colourful and beautifully-patterned moth that spreads its wings flat at rest. Adult’s forewings are marked with a broad, reddish-brown band and yellow-buff and reddish brown zones towards head; near the tip of the forewing, an orange-buff patch and adjacent 2 dark spots are useful for identification. Flies mainly May-July. Larva feeds on low-growing herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
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  • Square-spot Rustic Xestia xanthographa Length 17-19mm. A variable moth that rests with its wings held flat, one forewing partly overlapping the other. Adult has forewings that can range from reddish brown to grey-brown; all forms show a squarish pale spot and a pale kidney-shaped spot on the forewings. Flies August-September. Larva feeds on low-growing herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
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  • Square-spot Rustic Xestia xanthographa Length 17-19mm. A variable moth that rests with its wings held flat, one forewing partly overlapping the other. Adult has forewings that can range from reddish brown to grey-brown; all forms show a squarish pale spot and a pale kidney-shaped spot on the forewings. Flies August-September. Larva feeds on low-growing herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
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  • Old Lady Mormo maura Length 33-35mm. A broad-winged, subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings held flat; it is well camouflaged when resting on weathered fence panels. Sometimes comes indoors through open windows. Adult has grey-brown forewings with bands of dark brown and lilac-grey. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on deciduous shrubs and trees, notably Blackthorn. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
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  • Old Lady Mormo maura Length 33-35mm. A broad-winged, subtly attractive moth that rests with its wings held flat; it is well camouflaged when resting on weathered fence panels. Sometimes comes indoors through open windows. Adult has grey-brown forewings with bands of dark brown and lilac-grey. Flies July-August. Larva feeds on deciduous shrubs and trees, notably Blackthorn. Widespread and fairly common in southern and central Britain; much more local further north.
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  • Peach Blossom Thyatira batis Length 17mm. A splendid and well-marked moth. Adult has brown forewings with striking pinkish spots and blotches, some of which are brown-centred. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Bramble. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain; scarce further north. Favours hedgerows and scrub where the larval foodplant flourishes.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Oak Eggar Lasiocampa quercus Wingspan 45-70mm. An impressive, broad-winged moth. Male is day-flying, larger female is nocturnal. Adult male has reddish-brown wings with a curved yellowish crossband and white central spot; female has similarly patterned wings but the ground colour is buffish-yellow. Flies July-August. Larva is brown and hairy; feeds mainly on Heather. Widespread and locally common, mainly on heaths and moorland.
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  • Barred yellow Cidaria fulvata Wingspan 20-25mm. A colourful and well-marked moth that holds its wings flat at rest. Adult has yellowish-brown forewings with a brown central band and pale triangle at the wingtip. Flies June-July. Larva feeds on Dog-rose. Widespread but local, its precise range determined by presence of larval foodplant.
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  • Burnished Brass Diachrysia chrysitis Length 20-22mm. An amazing and unmistakable moth that rests with its wings held in a tent-like manner. Adult has golden, metallic-looking patches on otherwise brown forewings; the thorax and head are adorned with orange-brown tufts. Double-brooded: flies June–July, and August-September. Larva feeds on Common Nettle and other herbaceous plants. Widespread and generally common.
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  • Great Prominent Peridea anceps Length 30mm. A subtly marked moth whose colours and patterning are a good match for oak bark. Rests with it wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown and grey-brown wings and hairy legs. Flies May–July. Larva is green with diagonal stripes on each segment. Larva feeds on oaks. Locally common only in southern Britain.
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  • Red Twin-spot Carpet Xanthorhoe spadicearia Wingspan 20mm. A colourful and beautifully-patterned moth that spreads its wings flat at rest. Adult’s forewings are marked with a broad, reddish-brown band and yellow-buff and reddish brown zones towards head; near the tip of the forewing, an orange-buff patch and adjacent 2 dark spots are useful for identification. Flies mainly May-July. Larva feeds on low-growing herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
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  • Red Twin-spot Carpet Xanthorhoe spadicearia Wingspan 20mm. A colourful and beautifully-patterned moth that spreads its wings flat at rest. Adult’s forewings are marked with a broad, reddish-brown band and yellow-buff and reddish brown zones towards head; near the tip of the forewing, an orange-buff patch and adjacent 2 dark spots are useful for identification. Flies mainly May-July. Larva feeds on low-growing herbaceous plants. Widespread and common.
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  • Great Prominent Peridea anceps Length 30mm. A subtly marked moth whose colours and patterning are a good match for oak bark. Rests with it wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown and grey-brown wings and hairy legs. Flies May–July. Larva is green with diagonal stripes on each segment. Larva feeds on oaks. Locally common only in southern Britain.
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  • Great Prominent Peridea anceps Length 30mm. A subtly marked moth whose colours and patterning are a good match for oak bark. Rests with it wings held in tent-like manner. Adult has marbled brown and grey-brown wings and hairy legs. Flies May–July. Larva is green with diagonal stripes on each segment. Larva feeds on oaks. Locally common only in southern Britain.
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  • Peach Blossom Thyatira batis Length 17mm. A splendid and well-marked moth. Adult has brown forewings with striking pinkish spots and blotches, some of which are brown-centred. Flies June–July. Larva feeds on Bramble. Widespread and locally common in southern and central Britain; scarce further north. Favours hedgerows and scrub where the larval foodplant flourishes.
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  • Horse-chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Hippocastanaceae <br />
Deciduous tree with domed crown. Bark Greyish-brown, flaking. Branches Snap easily. Winter buds shiny brown, sticky, with shield-shaped leaf scar. Leaves Long-stalked, palmate, with up to 7 leaflets, each 25cm long. Reproductive parts In panicles, to 30cm tall, comprising 40+ 5-petalled, pink-spotted white flowers. Fruits spiny-cased and rounded, containing round seed (‘conker’). Status Native of Balkans, long established here.
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  • Horse-chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Hippocastanaceae <br />
Deciduous tree with domed crown. Bark Greyish-brown, flaking. Branches Snap easily. Winter buds shiny brown, sticky, with shield-shaped leaf scar. Leaves Long-stalked, palmate, with up to 7 leaflets, each 25cm long. Reproductive parts In panicles, to 30cm tall, comprising 40+ 5-petalled, pink-spotted white flowers. Fruits spiny-cased and rounded, containing round seed (‘conker’). Status Native of Balkans, long established here.
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  • Horse-chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Hippocastanaceae <br />
Deciduous tree with domed crown. Bark Greyish-brown, flaking. Branches Snap easily. Winter buds shiny brown, sticky, with shield-shaped leaf scar. Leaves Long-stalked, palmate, with up to 7 leaflets, each 25cm long. Reproductive parts In panicles, to 30cm tall, comprising 40+ 5-petalled, pink-spotted white flowers. Fruits spiny-cased and rounded, containing round seed (‘conker’). Status Native of Balkans, long established here.
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