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  • AMPHIBIOUS BISTORT Persicaria amphibia (Polygonaceae) Height to 40cm. Perennial of ponds and nearby dry land. Aquatic form has floating stems. FLOWERS are pink; borne in cylindrical spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are nut-like. LEAVES are narrow; aquatic forms are hairless, truncate at the base and long-stalked; terrestrial forms are downy, rounded at the base and short-stalked.
    104158.jpg
  • SPIRAL TASSELWEED Ruppia sp. Aquatic. Submerged aquatic perennial with slender stems; 2 very similar species occur. Grow in brackish coastal pools and ditches. Flowers comprising 2 greenish stamens and no petals; in pairs, arranged in umbels on stalks that rise to the surface (July-Sept). Fruits swollen, asymmetrical, long-stalked. Leaves hair-like, 1-3mm wide. Status local and declining.
    132085.jpg
  • HORNED PONDWEED Zannichellia palustris (Zannichelliaceae) Aquatic. Slender and submerged perennial that grows in still or slow-flowing fresh, or slightly brackish, water. FLOWERS are minute, greenish and borne in short-stalked clusters in leaf axils (May-Aug). FRUITS have a slender beak. LEAVES are 1.5mm wide and up to 5cm long, pointed and translucent. STATUS-Widespread throughout, but local.
    131964.jpg
  • YELLOW WATER-LILY Nuphar lutea (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic<br />
Water plant of still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 5m. Tolerates partial shade and nutrient-rich waters. FLOWERS are 6cm across, yellow and alcohol-scented; on stalks that rise well above the waters’ surface (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are flagon-shaped and smooth. LEAVES are up to 40cm across and leathery; unlike White Water-lily, basal lobes usually touch or overlap. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    124906.jpg
  • COMMON WATER-STARWORT Callitriche stagnalis (Callitrichaceae) Aquatic. Variable and rather straggly water plant with slender stems. Grows in still and slow-flowing freshwater, and on the drying muddy margins of pools in summer. FLOWERS are minute, green, petal-less and borne at the base of the leaves (May-Aug). FRUITS are tiny with 4 segments. LEAVES are narrow-oval; those at the water’s surface form a floating rosette. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
    144219.jpg
  • American Mink Mustela vison Length 45-65cm Unwelcome introduction to Britain from North America. An active predator of aquatic life; instrumental in demise of the Water Vole. Hunts in afternoon and after dark. Swims well and buoyantly. Adult has slender body and bushy tail. Fur is soft, silky and typically dark brown. Males is larger than female. Utters high-pitched calls when alarmed. Originated from fur farms (‘liberated’ animals and escapees) and now alarmingly widespread along waterways throughout. Often the subject of eradication programmes.
    144324.jpg
  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    132222.jpg
  • FENNEL PONDWEED Potamogeton pectinatus (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Perennial of still and slow-flowing waters, often growing in brackish conditions. FLOWERS are borne as distinct whorls in short spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are rounded. LEAVES are all submerged, long and narrow (less than 1mm wide) and pointed at the tip. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    132020.jpg
  • FRINGED WATER-LILY Nymphoides peltata (Menyanthaceae) Aquatic. Perennial water plant. Recalls Yellow Water-lily but smaller in all respects and with entirely different flowers. Grows in still or slow-flowing water. FLOWERS are 30-35mm across and comprise 5 fringed petals; borne on stalks rising just above the waters’ surface (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are 3-8cm across, rounded or kidney-shaped and floating. STATUS-Locally common in S England and naturalised elsewhere.
    131958.jpg
  • WATER-PLANTAIN Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alismataceae) Height to 1m. Aquatic and emergent perennial that grows on the margins and in the shallows of ponds and lakes. FLOWERS are 1cm across, whitish lilac and 3-petalled; borne in branched whorls (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are greenish and nut-like. LEAVES are oval and long-stalked with parallel veins. STATUS-Locally common except W England, W Wales and N Scotland.
    131908.jpg
  • CURLED PONDWEED Potamogeton crispus (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater perennial with 4-angled stems. Grows in still or slow-flowing water. FLOWERS are borne in small spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS have a long, curved beak. LEAVES are all submerged and alternate; they are translucent, up to 9cm long, narrowly oblong and blunt, with crinkly margins. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout.
    131899.jpg
  • OPPOSITE-LEAVED PONDWEED Groenlandia densa (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Submerged, freshwater perennial of ponds and ditches, as well as streams with a moderate flow. FLOWERS are small, petal-less and greenish; borne in small, submerged clusters (May-Sep). FRUITS comprise small clusters of achenes. LEAVES are narrow-ovate, pointed-tipped and borne in opposite pairs. STATUS-Locally common only in S.
    131865.jpg
  • ALTERNATAE WATER-MILFOIL Myriophyllum alternifolium (Haloragaceae) Aquatic. Bushy, submerged water plant that grows in freshwater, favouring acid conditions. <br />
FLOWERS are inconspicuous and yellow; in leafy spikes with tiny bracts (May-Aug). FRUITS are warty and rather ovoid. LEAVES are pinnate and feathery, the segments up to 25mm long; in whorls of 3-4 along the stems. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    131739.jpg
  • SLENDER-LEAVED PONDWEED Potamogeton filiformis. Aquatic. Perennial of slow-flowing fresh and brackish water. Flowers in a spike comprising evenly-spaced clusters. Fruits reddish. Leaves extremely slender and all submerged. Status local, mainly in the north.
    131732.jpg
  • MARE’S-TAIL Hippuris vulgaris (Hippuridaceae) Aquatic<br />
Grows in streams, ponds and lakes, avoiding acid conditions. Upright, emergent stems are produced from submerged part of plant more readily in still waters. FLOWERS are minute, pink and petal-less; produced at the base of the leaves (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are tiny, greenish nuts. LEAVES are narrow; in whorls of 6-12. STATUS-Locally common.
    131680.jpg
  • VARIOUS-LEAVED PONDWEED Potamogeton gramineus. Aquatic. Variable, much branched freshwater perennial of slow-flowing or still, acid waters. Flowers in spikes or short stalks (June-Sept). Fruits greenish. Leaves ovate, long-stalked surface leaves and narrow, unstalked submerged ones. Status local, mainly in N.
    131672.jpg
  • VARIOUS-LEAVED PONDWEED Potamogeton gramineus. Aquatic. Variable, much branched freshwater perennial of slow-flowing or still, acid waters. Flowers in spikes or short stalks (June-Sept). Fruits greenish. Leaves ovate, long-stalked surface leaves and narrow, unstalked submerged ones. Status local, mainly in N.
    131675.jpg
  • VARIOUS-LEAVED PONDWEED Potamogeton gramineus. Aquatic. Variable, much branched freshwater perennial of slow-flowing or still, acid waters. Flowers in spikes or short stalks (June-Sept). Fruits greenish. Leaves ovate, long-stalked surface leaves and narrow, unstalked submerged ones. Status local, mainly in N.
    131658.jpg
  • AWLWORT Subularia aquatica (Brassicaceae) Height to 12cm<br />
Aquatic annual. Found on margins of gravelly upland lakes and usually submerged. FLOWERS are tiny, white and borne on short stems (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are ovoid, 2mm long and borne on short stems. LEAVES are up to 60cm long, slender, cylindrical and pointed; appear as a basal rosette. STATUS-Local in W and N, least so in Scotland.
    131629.jpg
  • GREATER DUCKWEED Spirodella polyrhiza (Lemnaceae) Aquatic. Surface-floating, freshwater perennial that grows in still or slow-flowing waters of canals, ditches and ponds. FLOWERS are minute and seldom seen. FRUITS are seldom seen. LEAVES are up to 10mm across, flat and rounded or ovate with several dangling roots. STATUS-Locally common, mainly in the S.
    131564.jpg
  • GREATER BLADDERWORT Utricularia vulgaris (Lentibulariaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater plant of still, mainly calcareous waters. Small bladders, found along the submerged stems, trap tiny invertebrates. FLOWERS are 12-18mm long and deep yellow; in clusters of 4-10 on emergent stems (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are finely divided with bristled teeth. STATUS-Locally common only in E England and N Ireland.
    131529.jpg
  • GREATER DUCKWEED Spirodella polyrhiza (Lemnaceae) Aquatic. Surface-floating, freshwater perennial that grows in still or slow-flowing waters of canals, ditches and ponds. FLOWERS are minute and seldom seen. FRUITS are seldom seen. LEAVES are up to 10mm across, flat and rounded or ovate with several dangling roots. STATUS-Locally common, mainly in the S.
    131509.jpg
  • SPIKED WATER-MILFOIL Myriophyllum spicatum (Haloragaceae) Aquatic. Bushy, submerged water plant with long, trailing stems. Grows in slow-flowing or still freshwater. FLOWERS are inconspicuous, greenish and are borne in leafy spikes with undivided bracts (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are rounded and warty. LEAVES are pinnate and feathery, the segments up to 3cm long; usually in whorls of 4 along the stems. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
    131373.jpg
  • BOG PONDWEED Potamogeton polygonifolius (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater perennial of heath and moorland pools with acid waters. FLOWERS are greenish; borne in 4cm-long spikes on long stalks (May-Oct). FRUITS are round with a tiny beak. FLOATING LEAVES are narrow-oval, up to 10cm long, sometimes tinged red, and lack a flexible joint. SUBMERGED LEAVES are narrow. STATUS-Locally common.
    131248.jpg
  • EELGRASS Zostera marina (Zosteraceae) Aquatic. Grass-like marine perennial that grows in sand and silt substrates, typically below the low-water mark, hence only seldom exposed to air. FLOWERS are small, greenish and borne in branched clusters, enclosed by sheaths (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are spongy. LEAVES are 1cm wide and up to 5cm long, and bristle-tipped. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    130609.jpg
  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    130467.jpg
  • LESSER BLADDERWORT Utricularia minor (Lentibulariaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater plant of still, mainly acid waters. Small, flask-shaped bladders are found along the submerged stems and trap tiny invertebrates. FLOWERS are 6-8mm long and pale yellow; in clusters of 2-5 on slender stems (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are finely divided, untoothed and lack bristles. STATUS-Local, mainly N and W.
    126248.jpg
  • COMMON WATER-STARWORT Callitriche stagnalis (Callitrichaceae) Aquatic. Variable and rather straggly water plant with slender stems. Grows in still and slow-flowing freshwater, and on the drying muddy margins of pools in summer. FLOWERS are minute, green, petal-less and borne at the base of the leaves (May-Aug). FRUITS are tiny with 4 segments. LEAVES are narrow-oval; those at the water’s surface form a floating rosette. STATUS-Widespread and common throughout the region.
    122697.jpg
  • BROAD-LEAVED PONDWEED Potamogeton natans (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater perennial of still or slow-flowing water. FLOWERS are small, 4-parted and greenish; in 8cm-long spikes, on stalks rising above the water (May-Sep). FRUITS are round and short-beaked. FLOATING LEAVES are oval, up to 12cm long; stalk has flexible joint near blade. SUBMERGED LEAVES are long and narrow. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    116168.jpg
  • CANADIAN WATERWEED Elodea canadensis (Hydrocharitaceae) Aquatic. Submerged perennial with trailing and rather brittle stems. Grows in ponds, lakes and canals. FLOWERS are tiny, floating and borne on slender stalks; seldom flowers (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are narrow, back-curved and borne in whorls of 3.
    107031.jpg
  • COWBANE Cicuta virosa (Apiaceae)  Height to 1m<br />
Robust, upright and hairless perennial with hollow, ridged stems. Found in damp habitats, including fens and marshes, and sometimes partly aquatic. Extremely poisonous. FLOWERS are white and borne in domed umbels that are 11-13cm across; bracts re absent (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are globular and ridged, with prominent styles. LEAVES are dark green, 2- 3-pinnate and divided into narrow leaflets.
    106155.jpg
  • YELLOW WATER-LILY Nuphar lutea (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic<br />
Water plant of still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 5m. Tolerates partial shade and nutrient-rich waters. FLOWERS are 6cm across, yellow and alcohol-scented; on stalks that rise well above the waters’ surface (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are flagon-shaped and smooth. LEAVES are up to 40cm across and leathery; unlike White Water-lily, basal lobes usually touch or overlap.
    105960.jpg
  • LESSER BLADDERWORT Utricularia minor (Lentibulariaceae)  Aquatic. Freshwater plant of still, mainly acid waters. Small, flask-shaped bladders are found along the submerged stems and trap tiny invertebrates. FLOWERS are 6-8mm long and pale yellow; in clusters of 2-5 on slender stems (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are finely divided, untoothed and lack bristles. STATUS-Local, mainly N and W.
    143653.jpg
  • FLOATING CLUB-RUSH Eleogiton fluitans (Cyperaceae) Aquatic. Branched perennial with narrow stems; often forms floating and submerged mats. Grows in still or slow-flowing, usually acid, waters. FLOWERS are terminal, brown spikelets borne on upright, emergent stalks (May-Jul). FRUITS are whitish yellow. LEAVES are narrow and pale green. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    144133.jpg
  • BOGBEAN Menyanthes trifoliata (Menyanthaceae) Height to 15cm. Distinctive, creeping aquatic perennial that is found in shallow water as well as damp peaty soil in marshes, fens and bogs. FLOWERS are 15mm across, star-shaped, pinkish white with 5, fringed petal lobes; borne in spikes up to 25cm long (Mar-Jun). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are trifoliate; emergent ones have the texture and appearance of Broad Bean leaves. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
    144452.jpg
  • BOGBEAN Menyanthes trifoliata (Menyanthaceae) Height to 15cm. Distinctive, creeping aquatic perennial that is found in shallow water as well as damp peaty soil in marshes, fens and bogs. FLOWERS are 15mm across, star-shaped, pinkish white with 5, fringed petal lobes; borne in spikes up to 25cm long (Mar-Jun). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are trifoliate; emergent ones have the texture and appearance of Broad Bean leaves. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
    144453.jpg
  • BOGBEAN Menyanthes trifoliata (Menyanthaceae) Height to 15cm. Distinctive, creeping aquatic perennial that is found in shallow water as well as damp peaty soil in marshes, fens and bogs. FLOWERS are 15mm across, star-shaped, pinkish white with 5, fringed petal lobes; borne in spikes up to 25cm long (Mar-Jun). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are trifoliate; emergent ones have the texture and appearance of Broad Bean leaves. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
    144455.jpg
  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    144605.jpg
  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    144606.jpg
  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    144607.jpg
  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    144609.jpg
  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    144610.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    143526.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    143527.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    144275.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    144276.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    144278.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    144279.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    144280.jpg
  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
    144282.jpg
  • American Mink Mustela vison Length 45-65cm Unwelcome introduction to Britain from North America. An active predator of aquatic life; instrumental in demise of the Water Vole. Hunts in afternoon and after dark. Swims well and buoyantly. Adult has slender body and bushy tail. Fur is soft, silky and typically dark brown. Males is larger than female. Utters high-pitched calls when alarmed. Originated from fur farms (‘liberated’ animals and escapees) and now alarmingly widespread along waterways throughout. Often the subject of eradication programmes.
    144325.jpg
  • American Mink Mustela vison Length 45-65cm Unwelcome introduction to Britain from North America. An active predator of aquatic life; instrumental in demise of the Water Vole. Hunts in afternoon and after dark. Swims well and buoyantly. Adult has slender body and bushy tail. Fur is soft, silky and typically dark brown. Males is larger than female. Utters high-pitched calls when alarmed. Originated from fur farms (‘liberated’ animals and escapees) and now alarmingly widespread along waterways throughout. Often the subject of eradication programmes.
    144327.jpg
  • WATER-VIOLET Hottonia palustris (Primulaceae) Aquatic<br />
Attractive and rather delicate perennial of still or slow-flowing waters. FLOWERS are 20-25mm across, 5-lobed and pale lilac with a yellow central ‘eye’; borne in spikes on tall, hairless stems rising clear of the water (May-Jun). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are feathery and divided into narrow lobes; seen both floating and submerged. STATUS-Very locally common in S and E England but scarce or absent elsewhere.
    132209.jpg
  • WATER-VIOLET Hottonia palustris (Primulaceae) Aquatic<br />
Attractive and rather delicate perennial of still or slow-flowing waters. FLOWERS are 20-25mm across, 5-lobed and pale lilac with a yellow central ‘eye’; borne in spikes on tall, hairless stems rising clear of the water (May-Jun). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are feathery and divided into narrow lobes; seen both floating and submerged. STATUS-Very locally common in S and E England but scarce or absent elsewhere.
    132186.jpg
  • WATER-PLANTAIN Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alismataceae) Height to 1m. Aquatic and emergent perennial that grows on the margins and in the shallows of ponds and lakes. FLOWERS are 1cm across, whitish lilac and 3-petalled; borne in branched whorls (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are greenish and nut-like. LEAVES are oval and long-stalked with parallel veins. STATUS-Locally common except W England, W Wales and N Scotland.
    132064.jpg
  • BROAD-LEAVED PONDWEED Potamogeton natans (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater perennial of still or slow-flowing water. FLOWERS are small, 4-parted and greenish; in 8cm-long spikes, on stalks rising above the water (May-Sep). FRUITS are round and short-beaked. FLOATING LEAVES are oval, up to 12cm long; stalk has flexible joint near blade. SUBMERGED LEAVES are long and narrow. STATUS-Widespread and common.
    132065.jpg
  • FEN PONDWEED Potamogeton coloratus. Aquatic. Freshwater perennial of still or slow-flowing calcareous water. Flowers in spikes on short stalks (June-Sept). Fruits greenish. Leaves ovate on stalks shorter than the blade. Status local.
    132022.jpg
  • PERFOLIATE PONDWEED Potamogeton perfoliatus (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater perennial that grows in still or slow-flowing waters. FLOWERS are borne in small, few-flowered spikes (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are rounded. LEAVES are all submerged, dark green and translucent; they are oval, tapering and unstalked, with heart-shaped bases that clasp the stem. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    132021.jpg
  • SMALL PONDWEED Potamogeton berchtoldii (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater perennial with slightly flattened stems. Grows in still and slow-flowing water. FLOWERS are borne in small spikes on short stalks (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are rounded. LEAVES are all submerged, narrow (50mm long x 1.5-2mm wide), 3-veined and bristle-tipped; air spaces present on either side of midrib. STATUS-Locally common.
    132008.jpg
  • BOG PONDWEED Potamogeton polygonifolius (Potamogetonaceae) Aquatic. Freshwater perennial of heath and moorland pools with acid waters. FLOWERS are greenish; borne in 4cm-long spikes on long stalks (May-Oct). FRUITS are round with a tiny beak. FLOATING LEAVES are narrow-oval, up to 10cm long, sometimes tinged red, and lack a flexible joint. SUBMERGED LEAVES are narrow. STATUS-Locally common.
    131840.jpg
  • SLENDER-LEAVED PONDWEED Potamogeton filiformis. Aquatic. Perennial of slow-flowing fresh and brackish water. Flowers in a spike comprising evenly-spaced clusters. Fruits reddish. Leaves extremely slender and all submerged. Status local, mainly in the north.
    131742.jpg
  • FAT DUCKWEED Lemna gibba (Lemnaceae). Aquatic. Floating, freshwater perennial of ponds and ditches. Flowers minute and seldom seen. Fruits seldom seen. Leaves swollen and spongy, 5-6mm across and 5-6mm deep. Status local.
    131531.jpg
  • FAT DUCKWEED Lemna gibba (Lemnaceae). Aquatic. Floating, freshwater perennial of ponds and ditches. Flowers minute and seldom seen. Fruits seldom seen. Leaves swollen and spongy, 5-6mm across and 5-6mm deep. Status local.
    131510.jpg
  • HORNED PONDWEED Zannichellia palustris (Zannichelliaceae) Aquatic. Slender and submerged perennial that grows in still or slow-flowing fresh, or slightly brackish, water. FLOWERS are minute, greenish and borne in short-stalked clusters in leaf axils (May-Aug). FRUITS have a slender beak. LEAVES are 1.5mm wide and up to 5cm long, pointed and translucent. STATUS-Widespread throughout, but local.
    131265.jpg
  • FLOATING CLUB-RUSH Eleogiton fluitans (Cyperaceae) Aquatic. Branched perennial with narrow stems; often forms floating and submerged mats. Grows in still or slow-flowing, usually acid, waters. FLOWERS are terminal, brown spikelets borne on upright, emergent stalks (May-Jul). FRUITS are whitish yellow. LEAVES are narrow and pale green. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
    130620.jpg
  • IVY-LEAVED DUCKWEED Lemna trisulca (Lemnaceae) Aquatic<br />
Freshwater perennial that floats just below the water’s surface of ponds and slow-flowing streams. FLOWERS are minute and seldom seen. FRUITS are seldom seen. LEAVES are 10-15mm long, translucent and narrowly ovate; linked in chain-like fashion, the terminal leaves in a trio, like miniature ivy leaves. STATUS-Widespread but local.
    130547.jpg
  • RIGID HORNWORT Ceratophyllum demersum (Ceratophyllaceae) Aquatic. Submerged perennial with rather brittle stems; by late summer these acquire a coating of chalk and silt (as do the leaves to a lesser extent). FLOWERS are minute and borne at leaf nodes (Jul-Sep). FRUITS are warty and beaked, with 2 basal spines. LEAVES are rigid, toothed and fork 2-3 times; in whorls. STATUS-Locally common only in England.
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  • BOGBEAN Menyanthes trifoliata (Menyanthaceae) Height to 15cm. Distinctive, creeping aquatic perennial that is found in shallow water as well as damp peaty soil in marshes, fens and bogs. FLOWERS are 15mm across, star-shaped, pinkish white with 5, fringed petal lobes; borne in spikes up to 25cm long (Mar-Jun). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are trifoliate; emergent ones have the texture and appearance of Broad Bean leaves. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
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  • WATER-SOLDIER Stratiotes aloides (Hydrocharitaceae) Aquatic. Submerged perennial for most of year but floats during summer months. FLOWERS are 3-4cm across, white and 3-petalled; females solitary, males in clusters of 2-3 (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are 30-40cm long, lanceolate and toothed; in a tufted rosette. STATUS-Local native in E Anglia; scarce introduction elsewhere.
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  • Height to 1m. Aquatic and emergent perennial that grows on the margins and in the shallows of ponds and lakes. FLOWERS are 1cm across, whitish lilac and 3-petalled; borne in branched whorls (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are greenish and nut-like. LEAVES are oval and long-stalked with parallel veins.
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  • FROGBIT Hydrocharis morsus-ranae (Hydrocharitaceae) Aquatic. Floating perennial that grows in still waters of canals, ponds and ditches. FLOWERS are 2cm across, the 3 petals white with a yellow basal spot; on emergent stalks, male and female separate (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are 2-3cm across, floating and rounded or kidney-shaped.
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  • Floating Sweet-grass (Glyceria fluitans) FLOATING. Aquatic grass of still and slow-flowing lowland fresh water. FLOWERS In open inflorescences comprising an open array of narrow spikelets (July-Aug). FRUITS Small, dry nutlets. LEAVES Broad, green, usually seen floating at the water's surface.
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  • ARROWHEAD Sagittaria sagittifolia (Alismataceae) Height to 80cm. Aquatic perennial of still or slow-flowing freshwater. FLOWERS are 2cm across, the 3 petals white with a purple basal patch; in whorled spikes (Jul-Aug). FRUITS are borne in globular heads. LEAVES comprise arrow-shaped emergent leaves, oval floating ones and narrow submerged ones.
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  • WATER-PLANTAIN Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alismataceae) Height to 1m. Aquatic and emergent perennial that grows on the margins and in the shallows of ponds and lakes. FLOWERS are 1cm across, whitish lilac and 3-petalled; borne in branched whorls (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are greenish and nut-like. LEAVES are oval and long-stalked with parallel veins.
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  • SHOREWEED Littorella uniflora (Plantaginaceae) Creeping<br />
Aquatic perennial that grows on the margins of ponds and lakes with acid, nutrient-poor waters. Has creeping runners and sometimes forms patches. FLOWERS are greenish; males, with long stamens, are borne on stalks while females are stalkless and basal. FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are 7-10cm long, semi-circular in cross-section, narrow and spongy; borne in tufted, radiating rosettes.
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  • PIPEWORT Eriocaulon aquaticum (Eriocaulaceae). Aquatic. The narrow leaves are submerged but domed flower heads are borne on emergent stems, up to 60cm tall (July-Sep). It grows in peaty pools and lakes in the west, and also, very locally, in NW Scotland, but it's main global range is North America.
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  • LESSER BLADDERWORT Utricularia minor (Lentibulariaceae)  Aquatic. Freshwater plant of still, mainly acid waters. Small, flask-shaped bladders are found along the submerged stems and trap tiny invertebrates. FLOWERS are 6-8mm long and pale yellow; in clusters of 2-5 on slender stems (Jun-Jul). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are finely divided, untoothed and lack bristles. STATUS-Local, mainly N and W.
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  • BOGBEAN Menyanthes trifoliata (Menyanthaceae) Height to 15cm. Distinctive, creeping aquatic perennial that is found in shallow water as well as damp peaty soil in marshes, fens and bogs. FLOWERS are 15mm across, star-shaped, pinkish white with 5, fringed petal lobes; borne in spikes up to 25cm long (Mar-Jun). FRUITS are capsules. LEAVES are trifoliate; emergent ones have the texture and appearance of Broad Bean leaves. STATUS-Widespread and locally common throughout.
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  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
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  • WHITE WATER-LILY Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic. Water plant, conspicuous when its large, floating leaves are visible (they die back in winter). Grows in still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 3m. FLOWERS are 15-20cm across, fragrant and comprise 20-25 white or pinkish white petals that open fully only in bright sunshine; borne on stalks just above surface of the water (Jun-Aug). FRUITS are globular, green and warty. LEAVES are 10-30cm across, rounded and floating, the upper surface water repellent. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
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  • YELLOW WATER-LILY Nuphar lutea (Nymphaeaceae) Aquatic<br />
Water plant of still or slow-flowing freshwater to a depth of 5m. Tolerates partial shade and nutrient-rich waters. FLOWERS are 6cm across, yellow and alcohol-scented; on stalks that rise well above the waters’ surface (Jun-Sep). FRUITS are flagon-shaped and smooth. LEAVES are up to 40cm across and leathery; unlike White Water-lily, basal lobes usually touch or overlap. STATUS-Widespread and locally common.
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  • American Mink Mustela vison Length 45-65cm Unwelcome introduction to Britain from North America. An active predator of aquatic life; instrumental in demise of the Water Vole. Hunts in afternoon and after dark. Swims well and buoyantly. Adult has slender body and bushy tail. Fur is soft, silky and typically dark brown. Males is larger than female. Utters high-pitched calls when alarmed. Originated from fur farms (‘liberated’ animals and escapees) and now alarmingly widespread along waterways throughout. Often the subject of eradication programmes.
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  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
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  • European Beaver Castor fiber Length 120-150cm including tail. Large, aquatic rodent with proportionately large head, water-repellent fur and broad, paddle-like tail used for swimming. Once hunted (for fur) close to extinction across its temperate European range. Now re-introduced in places and recovering.
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  • American Mink Mustela vison Length 45-65cm Unwelcome introduction to Britain from North America. An active predator of aquatic life; instrumental in demise of the Water Vole. Hunts in afternoon and after dark. Swims well and buoyantly. Adult has slender body and bushy tail. Fur is soft, silky and typically dark brown. Males is larger than female. Utters high-pitched calls when alarmed. Originated from fur farms (‘liberated’ animals and escapees) and now alarmingly widespread along waterways throughout. Often the subject of eradication programmes.
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  • Aquatic Warbler habitat - Belarus
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  • Aquatic Warbler habitat - Belarus
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  • Grass cutter - Used for Aquatic Warbler habitat in Belarus
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  • Water Stick Insect - Ranatra linearis
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  • Heleobia stagnorum
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  • Salmon - Salmo salar Length to 150cm. Large and distinctive fish. Found in open seas for much of life, but migrates into freshwater to spawn. Adult has streamlined, powerfully muscular body. At sea, silver-grey above, silvery-white below, with dark spots on back and flanks; spawning individuals become duller and more yellow. Widespread and locally, and seasonally, fairly common, least so in E and SE.
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  • Southern Hawker - Aeshna cyanea<br />
larva eating tadpole
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  • Southern Damselfly - Coenagrion mercuriale
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  • 4-spotted Chaser - Libellula quadrimaculata
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  • Yellow-winged Darter - Sympetrum flaveolum
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  • 4-spotted Chaser - Libellula quadrimaculata<br />
exuvia
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  • Southern Hawker - Aeshna cyanea
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  • Broad Bodied Chaser - Libellula depressa
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  • Silver Water Beetle - Hydrophilus piceus
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  • Silver Water Beetle - Hydrophilus piceus
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